The Russian Far East (FE) is defined as a federal district, that is, an area whose territories have similar market specialization and infrastructure, and as an economic region formed for the convenience of managing economic, social and political development. Below we will discuss its features, location on the map, and the cities that are part of it.

Far East is a territory Russian Federation, occupying the entire outskirts of the eastern part of the country. Square Far East- 6.1693 million km², which is about 36% of the entire country. The region stretches along the Pacific coast for almost 4.5 thousand km and is washed by the waters of the Japanese, Okhotsk, Bering, Chukchi, East Siberian and Laptev seas.

The Far Eastern region is defined by its sea and land borders:

• Northern part has access to the Arctic and Pacific oceans, and also borders the west coast of the United States of America (separates the 2 states of the Bering Strait);
• on South passes land border with China and Korea and the maritime state border with Japan.

The Russian Far East is a huge territory, as evidenced by the map.

Distinctive features of the geographical location of the Far East:

• distance from the central part of the country;
• the Far East includes a large archipelago, that is, a group of islands located nearby (Kuril Islands, Commander Islands; Sakhalin, Wrangel Island);
• the border of the Arctic Circle passes through the territory;
• common economic space with Asian countries and the United States;
• Important transport routes are located on its territory.

Composition of the Far East

The Far East, a map with cities of which will be presented below, includes the following regions:

Cities and towns: list

According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, in 2016 there were 67 cities and 149 urban-type settlements in the Far East. For an area of ​​6 million km², this is a very small value. The main reason for the sparse population of this vast area is the natural geographical factor, which will be discussed below.

Cities of the Russian Far East:

Urban settlements of the Russian Far East:

Primorsky Krai	Amur region	Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Danube Gornorechensky Kavalerovo Factory Crystal Transfiguration Novoshakhtinsky Ilyichevka Border Zarubino Kraskino Seaside Slav Yaroslavsky Sibirtsevo Smolyaninovo	Progress Novoraichikhinsk Novobureysky Magdagachi Fevralsk Seryshevo Erofey Pavlovich	Coal Mines Beringovsky Bilibino Providence Egvekinot Cape Schmidt Leningradsky

Population of the region

The Far East, a map of whose cities and their populations demonstrates that the population is unevenly distributed throughout the district, has about 6.2 million inhabitants. For example, at the beginning of 2016, about 960 thousand people lived in Yakutia, while the population density in the region was 0.3, and in the administrative center - 2.5 thousand people per square kilometer.

Such a colossal difference is typical for almost all subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the Far East.

The lowest population density is in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - 0.1 people. per square kilometer. The largest is in the Primorsky Territory, it is 11.7 hours per km².

In terms of total population, Primorsky Krai (1.9 million people) is also in the lead, followed by Khabarovsk Krai (1.3 million people), Sakha (960 thousand people), Amur Region (800 thousand people) , Sakhalin (490 thousand people), Kamchatka (315 thousand people), Jewish Autonomous Region (166 thousand people), Magadan (146 thousand people), the least number of people live in Chukotka (50 thousand people). In connection with the gradual outflow of population from the regions of the Far East, the Far Eastern Hectare program was developed. According to the plan, as a result of its implementation, the population will increase and the economic indicators

territories. At the end of 2017, 34 thousand people received plots of land for use.

Among the nationalities in the Far East, Russians predominate; there are also Ukrainians, Tatars, and immigrants from neighboring countries - Koreans and Chinese.

Indigenous peoples have special cultural and historical value, whose traditions and customs are carefully protected by the state. Evenks live in Yakutia; there are about 18 thousand of them. The Nanais live in the Khabarovsk Territory and on the banks of the Amur. The Koryaks are located in Kamchatka, Chukotka and the Magadan region; their number is about 8 thousand people. And in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - the Chukchi.

Relief features

Most of the regions are occupied by mountains, highlands, and ridges: the Dzhugdzhur Mountains in the Khabarovsk Territory, the Sredinny Range in the Kamchatka Territory, and on Sakhalin - there are many steep mountains. The highest area is the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano (4750 m). Active volcanoes distributed throughout the Far Eastern region have become a symbol of the border of the eastern part of Russia.

In the north are the Chukotka, Koryak and Kolyma highlands. Between them lies the Anadyr Plateau. South part The Far Eastern region is characterized by plains, medium-height mountains (Bureya mountain range, Sikhote-Alin mountains, Zeysko-Bureya, Prikhankai and Middle Amur lowlands).

Far Eastern precipitation and air masses

The Far East, a map with cities and regions of which will help you understand meteorology, differs depending on the territorial location of a particular region different amounts precipitation. In the northern part, the average annual precipitation ranges from 200 to 700 mm per year. In Chukotka this value is: 300-700 mm per year. In the northern part of Yakutia - up to 200 mm, and in the east - up to 600 mm per year.

About 400-800 mm of precipitation falls per year in the Khabarovsk Territory, the Jewish Autonomous Okrug and Primorye. The highest precipitation amounts are in the southeast of Kamchatka - up to 2500 mm per year and on Sakhalin - 600-1200 mm per year (in particular, due to the island and peninsular nature of the territories).

In the Kamchatka Territory, the difference in precipitation in the south and north can be up to 2000 mm. The northeast of the region is characterized by a value of 300 mm per year, and for the south - 2500 mm.

In the Khabarovsk Territory, the bulk of precipitation falls in July and August.

The monsoon climate of the Amur region brings in summer a large number of precipitation (900-1000 mm per year). There is less rain closer to the Amur and the Zeya River. In Primorye, most of the precipitation also occurs in summer time(about 800 mm per year). Due to the fact that the region is located on the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan, typhoons occur here and bring with them even more precipitation.

Features of temperature conditions

Subjects of the Russian Federation located in the Far East are characterized by abnormally low temperatures. Permafrost is widespread in the north of the district. The range of winter air temperatures across regions ranges from -6 to -40°C. In summer the air warms up by no more than 25°C.

In the Sakha Republic, the difference between the coldest and warmest months of the year can be up to 70°C. In winter, the air temperature here can be -50°C. In Chukotka, the temperature in winter is usually not lower than -39°C, in summer - up to 10. The absolute minimum and maximum, respectively, are -61°C and +34°C.

In the center of the Kamchatka Territory, temperatures fluctuate more than in other parts. In winter in the center and north - up to -24°C, in summer - +16°C. In the south in winter it is about -12°C, in summer - +12°C.

The Khabarovsk Territory stretches along the coast of two seas, so in the summer it is hot and humid here, the air temperature from north to south reaches +15 - +20°C. The average winter value is -22 - -40°C, a little warmer on the coast. In the Amur region, temperature and weather conditions in general are similar.

Climate

The Far East, a map with cities and climate types of which will allow you to determine the patterns of weather conditions, has characteristics characteristic of the Arctic, subarctic, as well as monsoon and sharply continental climate types. The northern territories of the Far Eastern Federal District are distinguished by arctic and subarctic climates.

Thus, most of Chukotka is located beyond the Arctic Circle, there is a harsh climate, in the center the weather conditions correspond to the continental climate. In the north of Kamchatka and the Republic of Sakha there is permafrost, winter here lasts up to 10 months.

In most of the lands of Yakutia, in the Magadan and northwestern parts of the Amur regions, the air temperature fluctuates widely, with very cold winters, short summers, with low temperatures. In these regions of the Russian Federation, winter lasts most of the year.

Sakhalin and partly in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories have a monsoon climate. Winter in these areas is wetter than on the mainland.

In Kamchatka you can observe signs of three types of climate at once: on the coast there is a monsoon climate, in the central part - continental, and in the north - subarctic. In the Jewish Autonomous Region, the monsoon but temperate climate allows for the cultivation of crops, since sufficient rainfall improves the soil.

In Primorye the climate is defined as monsoon. Due to the cold current that runs along the region, fog periodically covers the region, and there are fewer sunny days there than at the same latitude in the central part of Russia.

Surface water

The climatic conditions of the Far East, namely sufficient precipitation, low temperatures air, low evaporation, formed such a feature of the rivers of this region as their relatively short length. In addition to such large rivers as Amur, Kolyma, Anadyr.

Along the river The Amur is served by sea vessels; on its tributary, in the Amur region, the Zee, there is a large hydroelectric power station. Another one is located on another tributary of the Amur - the river. Bureya. All water streams are predominantly mountainous and powerful. The general river network belongs to the Pacific Ocean - streams of water flow into it after a while.

The main location of lakes is in areas of volcanoes or lowlands. They are located in hollows - former river beds or tectonic depressions. The largest lake in the area is Khanka. Swamps are spread throughout the territory.

In the zone of permafrost development, there are aufeis, that is, accumulations of frozen water that has fallen to the surface as a result of natural processes (Aldan-Okhotsk watershed, upper Zeya).

Flora and fauna

The southern part of the Far East is characterized by a humid and moderately warm climate; the region contains a tundra natural zone and taiga. Therefore, the animal and plant world in the Far Eastern region is filled with typical inhabitants of these natural areas.

Permafrost, which is located in the northern regions, does not allow plant roots to penetrate deep into the ground, so the entire plant world has a short height.

Vegetable world Far East:

Animal world Far East:

Some species of birds, mammals, fish and reptiles of the Far Eastern District are included in the lists of specially protected animals that are in danger of extinction (listed in the Red Book). Public and state organizations regions are trying to restore their numbers.

Natural resources

Maps of mineral deposits, maps of water and forest reserves of the regions show that large reserves of marine, forest and mineral resources are located in the territory of the Far Eastern region. To satisfy human needs in the Far East, a whole range of objects of living and inanimate nature is used.

The regions and cities of the Far East occupy leading positions in terms of the volume of mined precious stones, minerals and metals. Natural resources include rich fisheries, invertebrates and seaweed. In the southern part of the district, timber is collected and harvested.

Among mineral resources special meaning have reserves of tin and tungsten; deposits of gold, coal, lead-zinc and tin ores are located by region.

The Far Eastern regions have a high water supply per inhabitant. On the territory of Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands there are unique natural objects - geysers and volcanoes, which not only ensure the tourist attractiveness of the regions, but are also sources various types metals and can also be used to generate electricity.

The following categories of natural resources characteristic of the Far East can be distinguished:

Industry of the Far East

The industries developing in the Far East are associated with the presence of natural and fossil resources in this territory. The agro-industrial complex consists of the mining, forestry and fishing industries.

Certain types of mechanical engineering and non-ferrous metallurgy:

Agriculture of the Far East

Various types of climate are common throughout the entire Far Eastern region, but most of them are distinguished by temperature, precipitation and other characteristics that do not allow full-fledged agriculture, as in other regions of the Russian Federation.

For residents of the eastern part of Russia, the main source of food is the animal world, since growing grain crops is possible only in the south of the district.

Peculiarities Agriculture:

Among the main agricultural products, the Far East produces eggs, milk, livestock and poultry for slaughter, and some regions grow grain. Among the Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation, Chukotka, the Jewish Autonomous Okrug and Magadan are least involved in the production of agricultural products.

The territory of the Far East occupies one third of all Russia. On the map it can be found in the very east of the country. This is an economic region with powerful resource and industrial potential, with unique species of plants and animals, with cities whose population personifies cultural and historical originality.

Article format: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about the Far East

The beauty of the Russian Far East from a bird's eye view:

Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD)- the largest federal district of Russia. It occupies 36% of the country's territory - 6216 thousand square meters. km. The share of the population is much more modest - only 5% (7.2 million people).

The enormous size of the region, its length from west to east for 3 thousand km and from north to south for 3200 km, determined the extreme diversity of natural conditions: both the untold riches of the subsoil and the coastal waters of two oceans. But the main thing for the Far East is its geopolitical position. 35 km from Chukotka, across the Bering Strait, America (Alaska) begins; The forty-three-kilometer La Perouse Strait separates Sakhalin Island from the Japanese island of Hokkaido. The region borders China for 2 thousand km, and the border with the DPRK stretches for 60 km.

Russia's exploration of the Far East began in the 50s. XIX century, around the same time as the Far Western regions of the United States (1845). In the middle of the 20th century, millionaire cities appeared on the US coast (Los Angeles, San Francisco), while at the same time in our Far East the number of residents of Khabarovsk and Vladivostok barely exceeded 600 thousand.

By natural resources The Russian Far East is not inferior to the US Far West. There is hard and brown coal, oil and gas everywhere (Sakhalin), polymetals, tin, graphite (Primorsky Krai), iron and manganese ores (Jewish Autonomous Okrug), and in terms of forest and fur wealth they cannot even be compared.

The region's weak spot is its weak transport connection with the rest of Russia. In practice, only air transport and the only, heavily overloaded Railway- Transsib. There is almost no road communication; internal connections between regions are very weak; During summer navigation, rivers help out. The leading place in interregional transportation belongs to sea transport.

Oil and gas production on the shelf of the Sea of ​​Okhotsk could become a powerful impetus for economic growth in the region. Inferred hydrocarbon resources account for 40% of all total proven reserves in Russia.

In the Far Eastern Federal District, one can distinguish the regions of the South of the Far East, the Primorye regions and, separately, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Search for a map of a city, village, region or country

Far East. Yandex map.

Allows you to: change the scale; measure distances; switch display modes - diagram, satellite view, hybrid. The Yandex maps mechanism is used, it contains: districts, street names, house numbers and other objects of cities and large villages, allows you to perform search by address(square, avenue, street + house number, etc.), for example: “Lenin street 3”, “Far East hotels”, etc.

If you don't find something, try the section Google satellite map: Far East or a vector map from OpenStreetMap: Far East.

Link to the object you selected on the map can be sent by e-mail, icq, sms or posted on the website. For example, to show a meeting place, delivery address, location of a store, cinema, train station, etc.: combine the object with the marker in the center of the map, copy the link on the left above the map and send it to the recipient - according to the marker in the center, he will determine the location you specified .

Far East - online map with satellite view: streets, houses, districts and other objects.

To change the scale, use the mouse scroll wheel, the “+ -” slider on the left, or the “Zoom in” button in the upper left corner of the map; to view a satellite view or a people's map, select the appropriate menu item in the upper right corner; to measure the distance, click the ruler at the bottom right and plot the points on the map.

Far Eastern District of Russia

The Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) is an administrative formation located in the Far East of the Russian Federation. Interactive map of the Far East federal district represents 10 subjects: 3 territories (Kamchatka, Primorsky, Khabarovsk), 4 regions (Amur, Magadan, Sakhalin, Kamchatka), Jewish Autonomous Okrug, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.

Being the largest district of the state, the Far Eastern Federal District covers an area of ​​more than 6 million km². Approximately 6.25 million people live on its territory. The map of the Far Eastern District shows the city of Khabarovsk, which serves as the administrative center of the Far Eastern Federal District, which occupies the territory of the Central Amur Lowland and is located on the banks of the river. Amur, near the region's border with China.

In addition to Khabarovsk, detailed map The Far Eastern Federal District contains information about such large cities of the Far Eastern Federal District as Vladivostok, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Yakutsk and Blagoveshchensk. In total, there are 68 cities in the region.

A major role in the economic development of the Far Eastern Federal District, which is considered the raw material base of the Russian Federation, is played by non-ferrous metallurgy, forestry, mining, coal and fishing industries, and shipbuilding. The map of the Far Eastern Federal District represents its northern part (Yakutia, Magadan region), whose economy is based on mining precious metals, diamonds, and the southern (Primorsky Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Kamchatka, Amur and Sakhalin regions), where high level reached the forestry, pulp and paper and woodworking industries.

A key role in the economy of the Far Eastern Federal District is played by the mining and processing industries, fishing, and the ship repair industry. Gold is mined in Yakutia and Chukotka. The Republic of Sakha also has Russia's largest proven reserves of uranium and coal, rich deposits of oil, gas, and other minerals.

Transport of the Far Eastern Federal District

An online map of the Far Eastern Federal District with borders shows that the transport infrastructure of the Far Eastern Federal District is developed extremely unevenly. In the northern regions there are practically no paved roads. Travel by road on many roads is only possible in winter time year, and the main transport load falls on waterways and small aviation. Sea routes of communication are extremely important for Primorye. The road and rail network here is more developed than in the north of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The most important roads:

• Highway A384: the only federal highway in Chukotka, a 30-kilometer road from the Anadyr helipad to the airport in Coal Mines.
• Federal highway "Kolyma", P504: 2000-kilometer route from Yakutsk to Magadan.
• Federal highway "Lena", A360: 1150-kilometer Amur-Yakutsk highway connecting settlements Primorye with the administrative center of the Republic of Sakha.
• Federal highway "Vilyuy", A331: a 3000-kilometer highway currently under construction. At the moment, only certain sections are in operation, including routes on winter roads. Upon completion of construction, the highway should provide reliable road communication between the Irkutsk region and Yakutia.

Railway lines

In the northern regions, the railway infrastructure is represented by only a few “narrow-gauge” railways of mining enterprises. The territory of the southern regions of the Far Eastern Federal District (Primorye and Khabarovsk Territory) contains significant sections of the largest railways, the Trans-Siberian and BAM.