What is diffuse cystic mastopathy of the mammary gland: the essence of the pathology, its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Diffuse mastopathy - what is it? Diagnosis code according to ICD 60.1 decoding

Mastitis is characterized by the following symptoms: fever; enlarged axillary lymph nodes; sharp chest pain; formation of suppuration. This disease can be eliminated conservatively only with initial stage. Without proper treatment, it can cause an abscess, which can only be removed through surgery. Another disease of the mammary glands that occurs very often in women is mastopathy. This is a benign inflammatory change, usually developing as a result of hormonal disorders. Its signs are lumps in the chest, pain, and discharge from the nipples. Breast diseases Nodular mastopathy is considered more dangerous than diffuse mastopathy; it quite often requires surgical treatment. Mammologists advise being as attentive as possible to the prevention of hormonal disorders, especially if mastopathy has already been identified before. There is a hypothesis according to which breast cancer, as a rule, appears with mastopathy. A form of breast disease called a mammary cyst is also quite common. This disease also usually occurs due to hormonal imbalance; a strong risk factor, in particular, is the incorrect use of oral contraceptives. As a result, fluid-filled cavities form in the chest. Treatment consists of removing fluid from the affected area using a special needle, but it does not exclude recurrence of the disease. It is not surprising that the most feared disease of the mammary glands is cancer. The situation is complicated by the fact that in the first stages the disease may either not manifest itself at all, or produce symptoms reminiscent of signs of the development of mastopathy. That is why, at the slightest suspicion of the presence of cancer cells, it is necessary to undergo additional tests: a blood test, mammography, ultrasound biopsy. This will help make a correct diagnosis.

Mastopathy according to ICD 10 has code No. 60.1. The official name of the pathology is diffuse cystic mastopathy.

About the document

ICD is an abbreviation for the International Classification of Diseases. It is a normative document containing the names of all medical diagnoses.

Used in 117 different countries. WHO - the World Health Organization - took part in its compilation. The number 10 in the name “ICD 10” means the tenth edition of the document, which in currently is relevant.

Codes No. 60 to No. 64 are assigned to diseases associated with the mammary gland. Mastopathy has the number 60.1. It is a pathological formation in the connective and glandular tissues of the mammary gland, which develop due to a violation of the natural hormonal balance in a woman’s body.

Symptoms of the disease

Diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy according to ICD 10 is the proliferation of breast tissue, in the thickness of which cysts, lumps, and nodes form. There is also a nodular form of the disease, which is characterized by the presence of single nodes.

The danger of the disease is that in the first stages there may be no symptoms at all. In this case, the pathology gradually progresses, small formations grow, and the risk of malignancy of pathological cells increases.

The primary ones are:

• breast enlargement due to stagnant processes in the gland, fluid retention in the tissues;
• compactions in the mammary glands when palpated;
• pain that becomes more intense during menstruation;

Causes

The reasons for the development of mastopathy are as follows:

• hormonal imbalance caused by diseases of the reproductive system - ovarian cysts, endometriosis, fibroids;
• artificial termination of pregnancy;
• childbirth at a late age;
• refusal of lactation;
• lack of a full sex life;
• endocrine pathologies;
• problems in the functioning of the liver or kidneys;
• chest injuries.

Mastopathy (code No. 60.1 according to ICD 10) is a disease affecting breast tissue. Lack of treatment leads to progression of the pathology and a number of serious complications. To avoid this, when the first signs of the disease appear, you must visit a mammologist, undergo an examination and begin therapy.

It is an effective complex, which includes:

• hormonal drugs, the action of which is aimed at stabilizing hormonal levels;
• homeopathic remedies;
• painkillers;
• vitamin and mineral complexes;
• healthy lifestyle.

Video about mastopathy and its treatment

Drug therapy is highly effective in the initial stages of the disease and most often leads to a temporary result. After some time, lumps in the mammary glands may appear again. The risk of relapse is especially high in women with problems in the functioning of the organs of the reproductive system, suffering from frequent inflammatory diseases, and having chronic pathologies.

However, conservative treatment can significantly improve well-being, eliminate pain, improve quality of life, and stop the progression of the disease.

For advanced forms of mastopathy, surgical treatment is performed.

Mastopathy according to ICD 10 (code No. 60.1) is a pathological proliferation of breast tissue with the formation of compactions, cysts, and nodes. Treatment is long-term. To prevent the development of complications, it is recommended to visit a doctor at the first signs of the disease and follow all these recommendations.

Diffuse mastopathy, like other diseases of the mammary glands, is usually diagnosed in women over 35 years of age. But it can be completely cured only in the initial stages. Doctors characterize this condition as dishormonal dysplasia with a violation of the ratio of the structural components of the mammary gland: epithelial and connective tissues.

The term "dysplasia" means abnormal development of body tissues. In relation to the mammary gland, this means that its structure changes. Connective tissue elements become predominant in it. For example, fibrous tissue grows or cystic inclusions appear.

Diagnosis of “Diffuse mastopathy” according to ICD

IN sick leave the doctor does not indicate the diagnosis of the disease, but encrypted data about it - a code according to ICD-10. There are several types of mastopathy, each type is assigned its own code.

Mastopathy codes according to ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision)

Diffuse mastopathy, therefore, most often has the code N-60.1, but other options are also possible.

There are several types of disease, depending on the predominance of overgrown tissue:

1. Mastopathy with a predominance of fibrous component. With it, the ducts are deformed. Clinically, this is manifested by stabbing pain and burning in the chest, which is especially pronounced in the premenstrual period.
2. Mastopathy with a predominance of the glandular component. With this type of disease, nodules appear in the breasts, which swell and hurt before menstruation. Itching is often felt in the area of ​​the nipples and areola. The second name for this disease is adenosis.
3. Mastopathy with a predominance of the cystic component. With the cystic component, soft cavities containing fluid are scattered throughout the entire volume of the mammary gland. In advanced cases, these capsules with liquid contents feel like a bunch of grapes inside the chest.
4. Mixed mastopathy.
5. Sclerosing adenosis.

Symptoms of the disease

With this type of breast pathology, two or three types of tissue changes from those listed above can occur simultaneously. Diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy of the mammary glands - what is it? This is one of the mixed types of the disease. Abbreviations that may refer to this type of mastopathy are FCM or DFC.

The table below will help you understand what type of mastopathy is diagnosed.

Symptoms different types diffuse mastopathy:

Type of mastopathy	Seals	Nipple discharge	Feel	Condition of the lymph nodes
Fibrous	Palpable, but not visible	Constant, light, intensifies with pressure	Stitching pain, swelling and burning sensation
Glandular		Yellow, brown or greenish, protrude when pressed	Itching near the nipples, breast pain, severe enlargement before menstruation	Enlarged in the armpit area
Cystic	May appear in the form of tubercles	Colostrum-like, yellowish or milky	Pain in the chest and armpits, radiating to the back, feeling of fullness	They may be calm, or they may increase slightly

Causes

Several factors can provoke the development of the disease:

1. Hormonal imbalance, especially increased estrogen levels.
2. Burdened heredity.
3. Deterioration of the ecological condition of the area where the patient lives.
4. Bad habits (alcohol abuse, smoking, promiscuous sex life).
5. Stressful situations.
6. Physical damage to the breast.
7. Multiple abortions.
8. Complete absence of sexual activity, pregnancy, childbirth.
9. Late realization of reproductive function.
10. Previously suffered mastitis.
11. Menopause.
12. Hypothyroidism.
13. Various chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, cholecystitis, hepatitis, etc.).

Most often, the patient’s medical history reveals a combination of several risk factors.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases is carried out by a mammologist. He examines the patient and palpates her breasts. Palpation (palpation) may reveal painful lumps of various sizes and locations.

Hardware diagnostics will help clarify the diagnosis: ultrasound and mammography.

Against the background of diffuse mastopathy, intraductal papilloma often develops, accompanied by bloody discharge from the nipple. It is impossible to diagnose pathology using x-rays or ultrasound. It is necessary to carry out ductography, in which a contrast agent is injected into the ducts, and then a mammography is performed. Sometimes for a characteristic sign of intraductal papilloma ( bloody issues) accept brownish discharge, characteristic of adenosis.

In doubtful cases, an MRI of the breast and a biopsy are prescribed, followed by a cytological examination of the material taken.

The disease can be treated conservatively using hormonal drugs, homeopathic and folk remedies.

Treatment with hormonal drugs

Among the hormonal drugs prescribed by mammologists are Tamoxifen and Toremifene. Treatment is often carried out to suppress the development of breast tumors. contraceptives: Jeannine, Regulon, Novinet.

Medicines are taken in courses. Otherwise, a relapse of the disease is possible.

Homeopathic treatment

Edas-127 or Mastodinon may be prescribed - homeopathic remedies that cope with the disease with long-term use and are the prevention of malignant formations. The drugs are inexpensive but effective; one bottle is enough for a long course.

Treatment with traditional methods

Decoctions of burdock root are widely used for oral administration. It is also possible to make homemade ointments based on dandelions, St. John's wort and nettle.

However, treatment traditional methods can only be called auxiliary. The main method is hormonal therapy, which is prescribed doctor. In combination with it, it is necessary to treat existing concomitant diseases, physiotherapy, and diet therapy.

Features of the treatment of diffuse mastopathy in menopause

Treatment has its own characteristics after 50 years, when mastopathy develops against the background of menopause. During this period, the use of vitamin preparations and hepatoprotectors is of great importance. By the age of 45-50, a woman’s liver has time to accumulate a lot of toxins, so it works with reduced efficiency. Maintaining the functions of this organ will be the key to successful treatment of mastopathy, because the liver also affects a woman’s hormonal levels.

It is important to improve muscle tone. For this, doctors prescribe vitamins A, B, C and E; exercise therapy classes. If the patient is nervous, she may be prescribed tranquilizers or herbal sedatives.

The danger of diffuse mastopathy

Diffuse mastopathy of any kind is not a death sentence and is not a reason for complete resection of the mammary gland. Sectoral resection operations are prescribed only when a large local lump occurs in the chest, or when an intraductal papilloma is detected. This operation eliminates the risk of developing a malignant tumor. At the same time, the breast can be preserved.

The mammary glands in women react acutely to changes in hormonal levels in the body, which manifests itself in the form of structural and morphological changes in their tissues. In most cases, these transformations are within normal limits and disappear on their own when hormone levels normalize.

If hormonal imbalance is caused by disruption of the functioning of the endocrine system, a woman develops mastopathy - benign neoplasms appear in one or both mammary glands. This disease can manifest itself in several clinical forms, differing in histological characteristics.

Diffuse cystic mastopathy is the most common type of mastopathy. The launch of pathological processes is caused by the occurrence in the female body of an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and progesterone, as well as increased synthesis of prolactin.

With the development of diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy, both mammary glands are affected simultaneously, single or multiple cysts are formed in their tissues - cavities filled with a liquid component and delimited from the surrounding tissues by a dense capsule. Read about whether this form of the disease is dangerous.

Note! The disease can occur in several clinical forms, depending on which type of tissue is more susceptible to pathological transformations.

Other names for diffuse cystic mastopathy:

1. mammary fibrosclerosis;
2. fibrocystic mastopathy;
3. mammary dysplasia;
4. chronic cystic mastopathy, etc.

Disease code according to ICD-10

In order to achieve unity in the development of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures, all diseases are subject to mandatory coding in accordance with the classification accepted at the international level.

According to the accepted systematization, diffuse cystic mastopathy is included in the category of benign mammary dysplasia.

When making a diagnosis, the gynecologist in medical documentation additionally indicates The international code for this disease is N60.1.

The exception is clinical cases when, with diffuse cystic mastopathy, proliferation of epithelial tissues is observed. In such situations, the pathology is assigned code N60.3.

When is mastopathy called diffuse?

The classification of mastopathy is based on microscopic and macroscopic changes in the breast tissue, as well as the clinical manifestations of the disease. In the latter case, the following types of pathology are distinguished:

• Diffuse- both mammary glands are affected, various proliferative and regressive changes occur in their tissues (hyperplasia of the lobules, sclerosis of the alveoli of connective tissue elements, atrophy of the alveoli, increased cyst formation). On X-ray examination, the boundaries of the pathological foci are unclear and extend into the surrounding tissues. One of its varieties is.
• Nodal- tissues of only one gland are affected. Histological changes are the same as in the diffuse form of fibrocystic mastopathy, but are local in nature. An X-ray examination reveals clearly defined boundaries of the pathological focus.
• Mixed.

Important! Diffuse cystic mastopathy develops mainly in women of reproductive age (up to 45 years). The nodular form of the pathology is more often diagnosed in patients after menopause.

Which form is less favorable?

The least favorable prognosis is for diffuse cystic mastopathy, which occurs in a proliferating form. In this case, in the epithelium lining the milk ducts or cyst walls, papillomas are benign neoplasms with a high risk of malignancy(transformations into malignant tumor).

General symptoms

For any form of mastopathy, the following symptoms are common:

The prognosis for treatment of diffuse cystic mastopathy is favorable. However, sometimes after completing a course of therapy, women note the persistence of alarming symptoms, but a diagnostic examination does not reveal a recurrence of the disease.

In this case, gynecologists make a diagnosis of residual effects of mastopathy and strongly recommend that the woman undergo a mammological examination twice a year. We talked about all the symptoms and signs of diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy in.

How many years can you live?

The main task in the treatment of mastopathy is normalization of hormonal levels in the patient’s body. The treatment process is long, but with careful adherence to all medical recommendations, the majority of those who have been diagnosed with diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy completely get rid of the disease without surgery. You can find out more about the treatment of diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy in.

In case of timely diagnosis and treatment of this pathology, malignancy of cystic neoplasms occurs extremely rarely. The main factor in the development of breast cancer is a woman’s genetic predisposition to this disease.

Residual effects

Pathological symptoms characterizing residual effects include:

• persistence of pain in the mammary glands, intensifying before the onset of menstruation;
• presence of diffuse or nodular lumps in the chest;
• pathological discharge from the nipples of various shades(transparent, milky, yellow, greenish);
• enlargement of regional lymph nodes.

Regular examinations by a mammologist help to monitor and timely diagnose structural and morphological changes in the mammary glands.

Dependence on the menstrual cycle

The manifestation of symptoms of the disease depends on the phase of the menstrual cycle. In the luteal phase, the level of progesterone increases and women notice increased pain in the mammary glands and can easily feel the lumps formed in the breasts. After the end of menstruation, the pain intensity decreases, and the nodules may disappear for a short time.

With significant progression of mastopathy, the pain syndrome persists constantly, and the size of the seals becomes larger.

Content

Fibrocystic mastopathy (FCM) is a benign disease, the main symptom of which is pathological changes in mammary gland tissue in the form of disturbances in the ratio of connective tissue and epithelial components. This disease can occur in women of any age - both in adolescence and during menopause. Progesterone deficiency, increased production of estrogen, androgen can provoke the disease, about treatment, diagnostic methods, the types of which you will learn from the article.

Symptoms and signs

The following signs will help to suspect the presence of FCM, including bilateral ones, which can manifest themselves either individually or all together:

• As a result of self-examination, areas of breast tissue compaction that do not have clear boundaries are identified.
• The most important symptom is pain, which can be aching, dull against a background of discomfort and a feeling of heaviness. It can be periodic, constant, but always has a connection with the menstrual cycle. 10% of patients do not feel pain at all, although the changes in the mammary glands are the same as in women experiencing discomfort.
• Swelling and swelling of the breast, while the volume may increase by 15-20 percent. Mastodynia ( increased sensitivity) and mastalgia (pain) are accompanied by flatulence, migraine, and a feeling of fullness in the abdominal area. Emotionally, the woman becomes restless and irritable. This set of symptoms, called premenstrual syndrome, no longer bothers the girl after the onset of menstruation.
• Discharge from the nipples, which appears involuntarily when pressed, has a clear, whitish, brown or greenish tint. The most dangerous discharge is considered to be bloody.
• Enlarged axillary lymph nodes, which occurs in 10 percent of patients diagnosed with diffuse FCM.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis can only be made qualified doctor. However, the first warning signs in the form of increasing constant pain and breast condition will let the woman know that something is not happening as expected. Diagnostics includes the following methods: palpation, initial examination, ultrasound diagnosis of glandular tissue, mammography. Pay attention to appearance breasts, signs of enlargement, asymmetry, condition and location of the nipples, color of the halos, presence of discharge.

At the first concern in the breast area, every woman is obliged to consult a doctor to begin treatment of the disease at an early stage. To make a diagnosis based on the patient’s complaints, an additional examination is prescribed:

• Ultrasound of the mammary glands - reveals the presence of formed cysts, changes of various etymologies in the tissues.
• Palpation - examining the breast with your hands, identifying lumps.
• Nipple swab – if there is discharge from the nipple, a test is prescribed to determine the nature of the disease.
• Mammogram - x-ray of the breasts to determine the form of mastopathy, areas of compaction, and the presence of tumors.
• Study of liver enzymes - to determine the normal functioning of the organ.
• Consultation with an endocrinologist - this doctor, if necessary, will prescribe a test of thyroid hormones.
• Blood test for hormones.
• – extracting cells from a formed node with a syringe to examine them under a microscope to rule out the presence of cancer.
• Echography allows one to evaluate the structure of the glands, regardless of the type of structure, and allows for repeated dynamic monitoring among women of all age groups.

Nodular form of the disease

Due to the similarity of breast cancer and nodular mastopathy, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination by a mammologist using radiological, clinical, morphological, cytological, and echographic methods. In the case of nodular mastopathy, foci of compaction are identified that have clear boundaries, a lobed, smooth or granular surface. With an intraductal location, pressure on the isola is accompanied by discharge of different colors and consistency.

During plain mammography, zones of intense uniform darkening, calcifications, oval shadows of cysts, and fibrous strands may be detected on radiographs. The combination of different forms of the disease gives a bright picture, which is characterized by multiple darkened areas, restructuring of the gland structure, areas of clearing different shapes, size, the presence of individual shadows of fibroadenomas, strands of connective tissue, cysts.

If a cyst is detected, a puncture with cytological examination is performed, followed by pneumocystography. The latter is necessary to control the completeness of emptying of the formation, detection of tumors, and intracystic hyperplastic formations. If intraductal changes are suspected, ductography is performed. It is determined by the introduction of contrast into the ducts, their expansion, deformation, cystic cavities, and the deposition of calcium salts. Ultrasound of the glands with Doppler sonography makes it possible to judge the size, location, vascularization of formations, and their structure.

ICD-10 code

ICD-10 is international classification diseases of the tenth revision (based on Wikipedia). In Russia it has been adopted as a single normative document in order to take into account the reasons for the population’s appeal, death, and morbidity. According to the classification, mastopathy is included in the section Benign mammary dysplasia N60:

• N60.0 – solitary cyst;
• N60.1 – diffuse cystic mastopathy;
• N60.2 – fibroadenosis;
• N60.3 – fibrosclerosis;
• N60.4 – ectasia of the mammary gland ducts;
• N60.8 – other benign dysplasias;
• N60.9 – benign dysplasia, unspecified.

Possible reasons for the appearance

The main reason for the development of FCM lies in changes in hormonal levels, which are reflected in the menstrual cycle. Such hormonal variability primarily manifests itself through disruption of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, which resolves on its own. Disturbances in the functioning of hormones can manifest themselves under the guise of premenstrual syndrome, which causes a lot of difficulties and worries for a woman. Fibrocystic mastopathy means that periodic disorders have become permanent, making the breast a vulnerable, weak link.

The cause of the disease may lie in the condition of the spine, since the regulation metabolic processes in the chest comes from the thoracic vertebral region. The next factor, which can trigger the disease is a violation of water balance. If a woman does not have the habit of drinking water regularly, then the body is in a state of water starvation, and this leads to changes in hormonal levels. Mastopathy can be caused by chronic stress, endocrine diseases, problems reproductive organs, endometriosis.

How to treat FCM

Thanks to many years of experience Studying this disease, mammologists have at their disposal several methods of treating FCM. To determine a specific program to get rid of the pathology, you should conduct a full examination, eliminate the cause of hormonal imbalance, and restore the functioning of the nervous system. When treating diffuse mastopathy, large dosages of vitamins are recommended to activate the immune system, and homeopathic medicines to normalize liver function.

Drug treatment with drugs

Drug treatment includes hormonal and non-hormonal. The first type is necessary to regulate cyclicity in the system, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries, since this normalizes hormonal levels by influencing gland tissue. The second type of treatment stops the manifestations of FCM in its mild form.

Non-hormonal conservative therapy includes the following drugs:

• Preparations containing iodine (“Klamin”, “Iodomarin”, “Iodine-active”), which regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland, reduce tissue proliferation.
• Vitamins B, A, E, C improve the functioning of the liver, which takes part in hormonal metabolism.
• NSAIDs (tablets "Nimika", "", "Diclofenac") relieve pain.
• Enzyme medications(“Wobenzym”, “Mulsal”, “Lidaza”) have an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, decongestant, and analgesic effect.
• Calming and sedatives for treatment are indicated for psychological reasons which caused mastopathy. On initial stage tincture of motherwort and valerian is taken.
• Homeopathic remedies(“Cyclodinone”, “Remens”, “Mastodinon”) lower the level of prolactin, eliminating its excessive production. Sometimes they are prescribed for prevention.
• Herbal medicine enhances the effect of drugs, calms nervous system, removes residual effects.

Treatment with folk remedies - recipes with herbs, infusions

If multiple lumps appear in the chest, easily palpable in the outer parts, in the center, this indicates the presence of diffuse FCM. At the initial stage, these changes are unstable and weakly expressed, but if left untreated, the seals become rough. For diffuse mastopathy, the use of folk remedies is allowed. The following recipes may help:

• Alcohol tincture of boron uterus fights tumors, normalizes metabolism, relieves inflammation in bladder, restores the functions of the thyroid gland. Judging by the reviews, this effective remedy. The tincture should be taken a teaspoon twice a day before meals for a month. During menstruation you need to take a break.
• You can treat with cabbage leaves. At night, a cabbage leaf is applied to the chest as a compress. The procedure is repeated until the seals disappear completely.
• Burdock juice helps get rid of seals. The squeezed juice should be taken one tablespoon three times a day for two months.
• Recipe for a medicine from celandine: grind a spoonful of dry herbs to a powder, mix with two tablespoons of melted butter, place the resulting ointment in a water bath, leave for 10 minutes, apply to the affected areas once a day until the seals disappear.
• Useful collection: chop and mix one part of valerian root, 2 parts of plantain leaves, 2 parts of St. John's wort herb, 3 parts of string herb. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, leave for 40 minutes. Take 2 tablespoons after meals three times a day for a month.
• Grind blue or gray clay, pour warm water so that it completely covers it. Let it brew for several hours. The consistency should be similar to thick sour cream. Apply the mixture in a 2 cm layer on the chest on cellophane, wrap warm scarf, wash off in the morning. The course of treatment is prescribed by a herbalist.

Hormone therapy

Hormonal treatment of FCM is aimed at stabilizing breast tissue and is used after studying the hormone status. The following drugs are used:

• Progestogens (Norethisterone, Duphaston, Utrozhestan, Progestogel-gel for rubbing the breast) are used in the second phase of menstruation. Reduce chest discomfort and pain.
• Estrogen-gestagen contraceptives (Marvelon, Zhanine) are prescribed for people under 35 years of age in the absence of ovulation or luteal phase disturbance. Designed to normalize various fluctuations in sex hormones.
• Prolactin production inhibitors (Parlodel) are used when excessive secretion of the hormone is detected.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic procedures for patients undergoing FCM treatment are prescribed very rarely. This is due to the fact that this disease is considered a contraindication to thermal manipulation. Exceptions to the rules include treatment methods such as mud baths, electrophoresis, shock wave therapy, ultrasound therapy, and other procedures.

Surgery – resection

Surgical treatment of FCM is indicated for the nodular form of the disease, which is practically resistant to drug therapy. Indications for surgery are those cases when there is rapid growth of tumors, the presence of severe concomitant diseases that do not allow long-term drug treatment, the presence of atypical cells in biopsy samples, the ineffectiveness of other methods, a high probability of transformation into a cancerous tumor.

In most cases, sectoral resection is performed. This operation involves removing a sector of the gland that is affected by nodes and cysts. The surgical procedure lasts about 40 minutes and is performed under general anesthesia. If necessary, after the operation, drug therapy is prescribed: antibacterial drugs are prescribed, in addition - medications to stimulate the immune system, normalize the blood count, and complexes of vitamins and minerals.

Special diet

Special nutrition in the treatment of mastopathy involves the use of certain healthy products and limiting harmful ones. In addition to the contents of the daily menu, you should follow the correct regimen: eat at least five times a day at the same time. During the meal, do not be nervous, distance yourself from irritants, learn to relax. The following products have a positive effect on general condition, slow down the growth of connective tissues:

• Cellulose - Walnut, hazelnuts, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, beets, carrots, apples.
• Legumes reduce excessive estrogen production.
• Thanks to coenzymes, spinach and broccoli fight tumors.
• Tomatoes, brewer's yeast, and Brazil nuts have a beneficial effect on the absorption of iodine and protect against negative influence ultraviolet.
• Sea kale, sardine, mackerel, herring and salmon, shrimp, mussels, and squid contain the necessary iodine.
• Cottage cheese, celery, dried apricots, hard cheeses, sesame seeds, almonds contain calcium.
• All dairy products are healthy.
• White and green tea Due to catechin, they activate the removal of toxins and sugar.

To reduce the risk of developing cysts, it is necessary to completely avoid products that cause an increase in the secretion of female sex hormones: semolina, premium flour products, canned food, pickles, corn oil, confectionery, margarine, mayonnaise, carbonated water, smoked meats, fatty foods, black tea, coffee, white cabbage.

Find out more about what to do with such a diagnosis.

Forecast and Cautions

As a rule, mastopathy is not prone to complications. Proliferative and nodular forms of the disease can become malignant over time, turning into breast cancer. However, with proper and timely treatment, the prognosis is favorable. FCM therapy involves changes in lifestyle, which include the following contraindications:

• You cannot sunbathe or sunbathe. The sun's rays cause the production of estrogen, making breast tissue sensitive and receptive.
• It is necessary to avoid visiting bathhouses and saunas.
• Physiotherapy is contraindicated; massage is strictly prohibited in the treatment of mastopathy, as this can damage the breast tissue.
• Hypothermia, which will aggravate the inflammatory process, should not be allowed.
• FCM can behave unpredictably during pregnancy, so many doctors advise women not to take risks, but some decide to become a mother. There are no problems with natural fertilization, but some people manage to get pregnant only with the help of modern medical progress. It's worth knowing that in vitro fertilization or IVF is fraught with danger for fibrocystic mastopathy, since this procedure requires preparation, including hormonal stimulating therapy for the engraftment of eggs in the female body. The latter can cause the development of a tumor in the breast. Sometimes it is recommended to perform surgery to remove mastopathy before IVF to prevent it from becoming malignant.