Houses made of profiled timber in a cup. A corner in a bowl or a warm corner in a house made of timber. Profiled timber with cups manufactured in production
Before starting construction, there is a difficult choice: which timber assembly is preferable? What you want to see in the final result plays a big role. Therefore, it is worth considering what these two methods are and deciding what you should focus on.
Bowl angle
The corners in the bowl usually represent protrusions from the main contour of the log house by 30-50 cm. A longitudinal recess is made in each log, in the corners it is made larger, in the shape of a cross-lying log. They form a crosshair and are connected to each other in a locking unit. If there is a choice between two methods, it is worth drawing an analogy and talking about the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
Advantages of the bowl angle:
· This method is often chosen for aesthetic reasons; it looks attractive, bold, in Russian traditions.
· Thanks to the labyrinth lock in the bowl, such a log house retains heat well inside and does not allow cold outside.
· The cost of erecting a beam in this way will be less than a “warm corner” due to the simple technology. But the volume of timber required is larger, therefore, the amount for materials will increase.
Disadvantages of the bowl angle:
· Quite a large consumption of materials. The protrusions in the corners take approximately 30-50 cm per log, and this significantly increases the cost of construction.
· Any timber has residual moisture, and after drying, cracks may form at the joints (in the corners) if the recess was calculated incorrectly or if the work was not done by professionals.
· In the case of a “bowl”, there is no further possibility of insulating the house from the outside, as with other options for log houses.
Logging timber into a “warm corner”
Connecting timber into a “warm corner” is considered the most heat-insulating and dense of all log options. In order to achieve the most tight joining, a groove is made on one of the joined beams, and a spike of the appropriate shape is made on the other. The result of this installation is an almost hermetically sealed joint.
Advantages of a “warm corner”:
· Installation in in this case will be produced without any additional fasteners. This will ensure there is no metal parts, which form cold bridges.
· At proper operation masters, the joining of tenons and grooves is very tight and reliable.
· Thanks to the tight joint, the possibility of a cold draft from the street is excluded, so such a house will be warm and comfortable.
· A log house with a “warm corner” is flat on all sides, so in the future there is the possibility of cladding the outside of the house, if necessary.
Disadvantages of a “warm corner”:
· This technology is more difficult to install than a “bowl”, and therefore the cost of the work will be higher, since the qualifications of specialists are higher.
· If you turn to unqualified craftsmen, there is a high probability of cracks appearing on the timber due to improper manufacturing of the tenon. The technology for constructing a “warm corner” is not easy to implement.
“Bowl” or “warm corner”?
Having decided on all the pros and cons of the two technologies, the choice does not become easier in terms of price. If more timber is required to cut into a “bowl”, it will be much more expensive final cost, then the “warm corner” requires specialists whose work is rated higher than others. That is, in the “bowl”:
· More expensive materials;
· Cheaper installation services.
For a “warm corner”:
· More expensive installation.
Here the choice is likely to be made only in appearance and what the developer wants to see as a result. The “Bowl” looks sculptured, in the old Russian traditions, and many people prefer this presentation at home. The “warm corner” has smooth walls, and if desired, they can be insulated from the outside or sheathed with vinyl, metal siding, facade panels and etc.
It is easier to install a log house made of profiled timber from a ready-made kit with sawn cups. The cups are cut according to the design of the house or bathhouse. You can find ready-made kits on sale or order bowls to be filed from specialists for your project. You can cut out the cups yourself, but their design will be simple. For slicing, a special tool is used - a “cup cutter”. The better profiled timber with cups from the manufacturer, design various types sawing and features of making it yourself in one article.
Based on their shape, cups on a beam are divided into simple ones, which can be made with your own hands, and complex ones with a special labyrinth. Complex ones can be made using a cup cutter, as they have a lock to save heat. The thermal lock makes the connection as airtight as possible and the joints of the timber not only look aesthetically pleasing, but are also inaccessible to the penetration of wind and cold. According to the shape of the connection between the profiled timber and the cups, the connections are divided into:
- In the “region”.
- In the “cup”.
- "Dovetail".
The first two compounds are with the remainder, the third is without. Connecting the corners of the house with the remainder has a number of advantages:
- The corners are warmer.
- Aesthetics of the facade.
The disadvantages include:
- Material consumption increases.
- Difficult to accomplish additional insulation corner connections.
Beams with sawn cups are suitable for joining with the rest - “in the oblo”. This is precisely what our readers are encouraged to consider.
What are the pros and cons of a warm corner?
The connection of the corners of a house made of profiled timber with the remainder is called a “warm corner”. It was formed due to the locking connection, which reliably protects the corners from freezing. Cupping is not always the most effective. Since the profiled material natural humidity It shrinks a lot and dries out; a void appears between the beams, which cannot be further caulked. You can avoid problems by using profiled, chamber-drying or glued material. It is important to know a number of features before choosing hand-cut or factory-made cups:
- Bowls filed on machines can only have certain sizes, since the settings are not limitless.
- The manual filing method cannot be ideal, since there is always an error during operation.
- An experienced craftsman can make bowls no worse than any factory ones.
- When sawing at factories, you still have to adjust the corner joints, since the timber can dry out or, on the contrary, gain moisture.
- Factory cutting is carried out with a margin of 1-1.5 cm; during manual cutting, you can adjust and fold the beam hermetically (in tension).
The main difference between mechanical cutting and manual cutting is the complexity of the thermal lock. It is almost impossible to do a complex one manually. But the factory one is also not always of high quality and ideal. The cut of the cup depends on the quality of the machine and the cup cutter. You can use the cup cutter even on construction site, since there are massive stationary machines and small mobile ones. The choice of machine and attachment determines the shape of the cup, the depth and angle of the cut. Corner cutting is necessary for easier installation of the corner.
How does a cup cutter work?
To cut bowls using a stationary method, powerful electric milling machines are used: Intercom FM-62/220E, AEG 2050, Makita 3612C, Felisatti RF62/2200VE and others. Plates with cutters for cutting are located in the design of the machine. The edge of the cutters is sharp and the cut occurs when rotating. When rotating, the cutters receive a large load, so the plates are inclined to reduce it. The plates can be removed and put back in place, secured with a special screw. Cutters for cutting bowls are mounted on a special frame that is movable and adjusts the length and width of the bowl.
By rising and falling the cutter makes it possible to drill the required depth. The complexity of the lock depends on the machine model and the installed cutter. Milling machine The mobile is installed directly on the profiled beam in the place where the bowl was drunk and secured with cleats. During operation, the frame moves across the beam, which makes it possible to work with timber of any cross-section. In this case, the groove is obtained of the required dimensions according to the given diagram. The main thing is not only to install the cup saw correctly, but also to calculate the location of the cut. You can see more details on how to use a cup cutter in the video:
Where is the bowl washed down on a beam?
Corner connections in different sections of timber are made differently. It is necessary to calculate the location of the cup so that the material does not become brittle and crack when laying the walls of the house in the corners. The cut can be calculated using the standard formula: H = (B + c): 4 (H is the thickness of the groove of the profiled material, B is the height of the selected beam, c is the height of the existing groove or tenon in the profile. For example, take a profiled beam with a simple locking connection of 10 mm, section 200x200 mm. Insert the values into the formula: (200 + 10): 4 = 52.5 mm. This will be the size of the cut depth. The cup is cut on a profiled beam using the following scheme:
- The middle of the cut is marked and an incision is made along the boundaries to a depth of 10 - 20 mm.
- The cutter is lowered onto the cut grooves and work begins to the previously calculated depth.
Judging by customer reviews, ready-made factory cups do not always fit in size when assembled and they still have to be modified. To simplify the work, you can buy a manual cup cutter. The price of the machine starts from 35,000 rubles, but by purchasing timber without cups you can save money. Use a manual cup cutter directly while assembling a house or bathhouse from profiled timber. The cut can be measured on the spot and adjusted to the desired shape.
In this case, the connection in the warm corner is more airtight. If the production of profiled timber is small, then purchase one hand tool it will be more profitable. Moreover, the work can be performed to the same quality as on a powerful milling machine. Depending on the type of frieze chosen, you can make different cuts for the cup. The number of cutters depends on the brand of cup cutter and its power. The more fezes included in the package and the higher the power of the equipment, the higher the price of the cup cutter.
Types of cutters and corner joints they make
The chosen cutter shape produces different results. gusset profiled timber:
- Four-sided bowl. The connection is made on a profiled beam with one rounded side - block house or with flat ones. Reminiscent of a four-way joint in a corner laying logs with the remainder. Used to make a cylindrical connection end mill. The side parts of the bowl are obtained according to a template, which is secured to the material with cleats. The cuts are straight at the top and bottom. The timber fits evenly into each other.
- T-bowl. This angle is called “dovetail”. The cutter has a special shape with a notch. Machines on which similar cutters are included: Brussivit, Euroblock, Craze, Blook. The bowl is made in two steps; more details can be seen in the photo.
Price for drank cups
The price for sawing bowls in a profiled beam depends on the complexity of the structure, the cross-section and type of timber, and the complexity of the house structure. You can buy profiled timber with cups as a ready-made set in any major construction company, which produces the material. In large cities the price differs little; we calculated the average and present it in the form of a table:
You should not expect that by ordering bowls to be cut from a construction company you will get impeccable material. The human factor has not been canceled. The only thing worth paying extra for is the complex shape of the bowl for a warmer corner connection.
Our customers, before making a final choice of project or concluding a contract, often ask the question: “Which cutting method is better: in a warm corner or into the bowl for a house made of timber?
We immediately answer that both methods of cutting corners are windproof from the outside. The quality of the house, its reliability and ability to retain heat are not affected by the types of cutting: a house made of timber, both in a bowl and in a warm corner, will equally warm you in winter.
Of course, provided that the felling is carried out by professional carpenters, subject to all the rules for assembling a log house from timber.
Carpenters from the company "Chukhloma Estate" have the necessary qualities and skill to cut a house from timber with locks into a bowl or into a warm corner, as needed. Therefore, we do not face the problem of the method of cutting the log house - the choice is up to the customer.
The difference between locks in a warm corner and in a bowl lies in the external design and shape of the castle itself, in the price of a log frame in a bowl and in a warm corner.
Let's look at what a bowl corner is, a warm corner, so that you can decide which cutting method to choose and make your choice.
1.Angle into the bowl
The method of cutting corners or “with removal” is the most expensive method of cutting. This is due, first of all, to the additional consumption of timber during the construction of a house.
The corners in the bowl are the protrusions of the rows protruding 30-50 cm beyond the main contour of the log house; they intersect with each other in the castle unit and continue in the form of extensions.
Making corners into a bowl has been used since ancient times, when cutting. Carpenters used an ax to cut grooves in the log in the form of a semicircle, according to the shape of the log, so that the logs of the log house, when laid in rows, were fastened together in locks, crossing each other.
The shape of a castle in a log with releases in the form of a semicircle reminded ancient carpenters of the shape of a cup, which is why the name of a castle in a log house on the corners came into use - "into the bowl" or "with releases", "with takeaways", "with remainder".
Locks with releases in a log house made of timber have nothing to do with the bowl-shaped shape, because they are made not to fit a round log, but to fit a square-cut beam, but according to tradition they are called “in a bowl.”
The timber “bowl” has a different lock configuration at the corners, this is the so-called. "labyrinth castle". The labyrinth lock has an offset on both sides, which ensures the stability of the frame due to these special offsets. The labyrinth lock also ensures complete tightness of the timber at the corners, which prevents air from entering from the outside.
Construction of a house from timber according to a design in a bowl, filling the corners into the bowl:
2. Castle of a log house made of timber in a warm corner
A log house castle made of timber without releases is called "to a warm corner". This method of cutting corners is also called "without a trace". In appearance it is similar to a castle in a log house manual cutting, because it does not have outlets in the crowns beyond the walls.
A house made of timber is cheaper because it uses less building material.
Making a lock in a warm corner follows the principle "dovetail". A tenon in the form of a half-trapezoid is cut out at one end of the beam, and a groove for the half-trapezoid is cut out at the other. The rows of timber with sawn ends fit tightly together in the corners, thanks to the tongue-and-groove system. And this is done on all four sides of the log house, from the first to the last crown.
The dovetail for a warm corner is made using a single template, which carpenters always have at hand. Such complex closure at the corners and “stitching” of the timber in the rows ensures the stability and strength of the entire log house.
A high-quality warm corner ensures complete closure of the timber in the locks and eliminates the blowing of cold drafts from the street.
Carpenters from the “Chukhloma estate” are building a house from timber for two families according to the project; the video shows how they drill holes for wooden dowels, make grooves in the wall “into a groove” and saw out a lock into a warm corner in the timber, making tenons and grooves for closing:
3.Which is better: a warm corner or a bowl?
Both types of locks in a log house are reliable, retain heat well from the inside and do not let in cold from the outside, thanks to their complex configuration: a “labyrinth lock” in a bowl and a “dovetail” lock in a warm coal.
The frame in a bowl with outriggers looks more prominent. It looks emphatically stylish, in the traditions of making log houses, when wooden houses they chopped with the help of one ax.
A log frame into a bowl does not imply additional cladding of the walls on the outside, because... the stems on the corners will interfere with this. Bowls on the corners are a sign that the house is made of wood.
But on corner offsets there is an additional consumption of timber, approximately one meter for each timber, so a house made from timber in a bowl is more expensive.
For a house made of timber in a warm corner, no additional building material is spent for the sake of “beauty”, so its production is cheaper.
A log house with a warm angle is even at the corners on all sides, so it can be sheathed on the outside if necessary.
Thus, which timber house suits you best, make the choice yourself: with bowls decorating the log house, but more expensive, or with a warm corner - cheaper and allowing for wall cladding.
Both methods of cutting corners are reliable and time-tested, which shows that quality characteristics one is not inferior to the other.
4.Construction of houses from timber in a bowl and in a warm corner, examples with photos and videos:
House made from timber in a bowl according to the project
House made of 8x12 timber in a bowl according to the project  Start of construction of a house from timber into a bowl according to the Patriarch project for shrinkage |
 Continuation of the construction of a house from timber into a bowl according to the Patriarch project |
 Construction of gables and a roof on a house made of timber in a bowl according to the Patriarch project |
 Roofing installation and completion |
 Interior decoration after shrinkage next year |
 Finishing a house from timber into a turnkey bowl after shrinkage |
A house made of timber in a warm corner 12.5x12.6 for two families according to a project for two families
 House made of timber in a warm corner according to the project |
 Start of construction of a house made of timber in a warm corner according to the Lesnye Prudy project for shrinkage |
Profiled timber is becoming increasingly popular. The configuration of its profile protects the walls from deformation during the drying process and reduces construction time. In order to minimize the influence of the human factor during the assembly process, they use a ready-made constructor for a high-quality house - profiled timber with cups.
For designed buildings, cutting cups in timber is an important stage at which a castle structure with a windproof labyrinth is created. There are one-, two- and four-sided keyways. To build a house, 2 technologies are used: assembly of a ready-made kit - involves factory production cups and cutting bowls directly on the site of construction of the house.
Factory production
The cutting of cups is carried out for the production of sets of finished buildings: houses, bathhouses, gazebos. The set, which is obtained as a result of processing and cutting the timber strictly according to the developed project, is assembled on site quite quickly.
This is due to the high precision of woodworking equipment and developed drawings. After assembly, you get a house with perfectly straight and warm walls, which are not blown through and do not require additional finishing.
GOST 30974-2002 provides for a maximum deviation in the size of milled timber of no more than 1.5 mm in width. It is difficult to obtain such accuracy without the use of automatic equipment. The operation of cutting four cups takes about 1 minute.
Additional cutting processing - milling - increases the cost of finished products. On average this is about 2500 rubles. per cubic meter m. Therefore, some owners, trying to save money, plan to cut the cups on the spot.
Cutting bowls during house assembly
The industry offers manual mobile machines for cutting cups. Such designs can be used in small production facilities. Chainsaws are also widely used.
It takes 8...10 minutes to cut the bowls. As a result, assembling a house from profiled timber without cut cups requires several times more time than when using ready-made kits.
The quality of the assembled structure depends entirely on the qualifications of the craftsmen. This is precisely the factor that is offset by the purchase of finished products that do not require significant adjustment operations.
Cost of cutting cups
For the price finished products The moisture content of the material and its type (solid timber or laminated veneer lumber) are affected. It is also worth noting that chamber-drying products are more expensive than profiled timber with natural moisture. But dry material has two advantages: the formation of fewer cracks and the ability to construct the finishing of the house within one season.
The price for cutting bowls on glued material with a moisture content of less than 15% is 3000...4000 rubles. per cubic meter m. The data for the timber array is given in the table.
In conclusion of the article
The use of profiled timber with ready-made cups allows you to speed up construction processes and guarantee high quality results. But for these benefits you need to pay an additional price: about 2500 rubles. per cubic meter m. Otherwise - when cutting cups on site - the result depends entirely on the qualifications of the builders.
