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Gershuni grigory andreevich biography. Ekaterina Gershuni: biography and interesting facts. a well-known terrorist of Jewish origin, one of the founders of the "militant organization" of the Socialist Revolutionary Party

Gershuni Grigory Andreevich (1870 - 1908, Zurich) - one of the leaders of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. Descended from the bourgeoisie. Not graduating from the gymnasium due to lack of funds, Gershuni passed the exams for a pharmaceutical apprentice and in 1895 entered the pharmaceutical courses at Kiev University. In 1896, Gershuni was first arrested for having connections with members of the student movement, but was quickly released. Having received the profession of a pharmacist, Gershuni worked in Moscow at the Institute of Experimental Medicine, and in 1898 he moved to Minsk, where he set up a laboratory for bacteriological research. At this time, Gershuni had already become a convinced socialist, ready to fight the existing regime legally and illegally. In his free time, he took an active part in organizing cultural and educational work: he organized primary school for boys, lectured at Saturday School for adults. The acquired numerous acquaintances allowed Gershuni to start a successful illegal roar. Activity: he set up a workshop for clandestine printing presses, created a bureau for the production of illegal passports. Together with E.K. Breshko-Breshkovskaya Gershuni organized the transportation of illegal literature from abroad. In 1901 he was arrested and taken to Moscow, where he was interrogated by S. V. Zubatov. Since there was no formal evidence against Gershuni, Zubatov conducted confidential conversations on government policy, the Jewish question, the legalization of the labor movement, etc. As researcher D. Zaslavsky noted, "a talented revolutionary skillfully deceived a talented security guard." Gershuni went abroad, where, under the influence of him and Breshko-Breshkovskaya, the Socialist-Revolutionary Party began to form. Gershuni was the first to outline the scheme of the Party's Fighting Organization and outlined its goals, believing that "The Fighting Organization not only performs an act of self-defense, but also acts offensively, introducing fear and disorganization into the ruling spheres." Infecting with his fanaticism, Gershuni attracted young people, selected those who were capable of terrorist acts. In 1902 he returned to Russia and organized the assassination of the Minister of Internal Affairs D.S. Sipyagin, the Ufa governor N.M. Bogdanovich, the attempt on the life of the Kharkiv governor I.M. Obolensky. A convinced terrorist, intelligent, strong-willed, Gershuni knew how to achieve unquestioning execution of orders. In May 1903 he was arrested and kept in solitary confinement at the Peter and Paul Fortress. In 1904 he was sentenced to death, commuted to life imprisonment, and transferred to Shlisselburg. In 1905 he was sent to Eastern Siberia, to the Akatuevskaya prison, from where he fled in 1906 through China to the United States. Later he worked in Europe. Already seriously ill, having learned that E. Azef, who became the head of the Combat Organization after the arrest of Gershuni, was accused of provocation, he wanted to go to Russia to commit the murder of Nicholas II with Azev in order to rehabilitate his successor with this act. Gershuni is the author of the memoirs "From the Recent Past" (St. Petersburg, 1907). He died of sarcoma. He was buried in the Montparnasse cemetery next to the grave of P.L. Lavrov, whom he considered his teacher.

) - Russian terrorist, one of the founders of the "militant organization" of the Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries.

Biography

Not graduating from the gymnasium due to lack of funds, he passed the exams for a pharmaceutical apprentice and in 1895 entered the pharmaceutical courses of the Kiev University. In 1896, he was first arrested for having connections with members of the student movement, but was quickly released. Having received the profession of a pharmacist, Gershuni works in Moscow at the Institute of Experimental Medicine.

Gershuni was the first to outline the scheme of the Party's Combat Organization and outlined its goals, considering that

"The militant organization not only performs an act of self-defense, but also acts offensively, injecting fear and disorganization into the ruling spheres."

The first terrorist act was committed on April 2, 1902, in St. Petersburg, when S. Balmashev killed the Minister of Internal Affairs D. S. Sipyagin with two shots from a revolver. On April 5, 1902, during the funeral of Sipyagin, Gershuni planned to organize terrorist acts against the Chief Prosecutor of the Synod K.P. Pobedonostsev and St. Petersburg Governor-General N.V. Kleigels. But due to the indecision of the participants in the assassination attempt, terrorist acts were not carried out.

On July 29, 1902, the worker Foma Kachura shot in the Kharkov Tivoli park at the Kharkov governor, Prince I. M. Obolensky, who took part in suppressing the peasant unrest of 1902 in the Kharkov province. Gershuni accompanied Kachura to the scene of the attack; I. Obolensky was lightly wounded.

Chernov wrote this about Gershuni's views on revolutionary terror:

“... Gershuni demanded from the revolution the same thing that humane people demand from the commanders. Avoid unnecessary sacrifices, spare the vanquished, respect the interests and lives of neutrals. He reacted with enthusiasm to the act of I. Kalyaev, who, having come out with a bomb against the leader. Prince Sergei, retreated, seeing next to the Great. the prince of his wife and children. "

On May 6, 1903, members of the military organization, the railway worker E. Dulebov and who remained unknown, in the Cathedral Park of the city of Ufa, shot the Ufa governor N.M. Bogdanovich, who was responsible for the shooting of the workers' demonstration.

Gershuni's popularity increased dramatically after these terrorist attacks. V. Chernov wrote about the activities of the combat organization: "Actually, the center of the combat organization, its dictator was Gershuni." Interior Minister V.K.Pleve told S. Zubatov that Gershuni's photo would remain on his desk until Gershuni was arrested. S. Zubatov highly appreciated the revolutionary and terrorist abilities of Gershuni and called him "an artist in the matter of terror."

On May 13, Gershuni was arrested in Kiev. The Military District Court in St. Petersburg in February 1904 sentenced Gershuni to death, it was commuted to life imprisonment, which he served initially in the Shlisselburg prison for "exiled convicts political criminals", and after the abolition of the prison on January 8 in the Akatui convict prison in Eastern Siberia.

In 1906, the Social Revolutionaries organized Gershuni's escape from prison. They carried him out in a barrel of cabbage. Along the way, points were organized at which horses were changed for him. From Vladivostok on a Japanese ship, he arrived in Japan, and from there to the United States, where he spoke at mass rallies of supporters of the Russian revolution and collected one hundred and eighty thousand dollars for the party. In February 1907, Gershuni took part in the work of the 2nd Congress of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party in Finland, was elected to the Central Committee, where he was supposed to lead, together with E. Azef, all the terrorist activities of the party.

At the end of the year, seriously ill (lung sarcoma), he went to a Swiss sanatorium for treatment, where he died. Already seriously ill, having learned that E. Azef, who became the head of the Combat Organization after the arrest of Gershuni, was accused of provocation, he wanted to go to Russia to commit the murder of Nicholas II with Azev in order to rehabilitate his successor with this act. He was buried at the Montparnasse cemetery in Paris next to the grave of P.L. Lavrov, whom he considered his teacher.

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Literature

Shikman A.P. Figures of national history. Biographical reference book. - M., 1997.
Kara and other prisons of the Nerchinsk penal servitude. - M., 1927.
Gorodnitsky R.A. The fighting organization of the Socialist Revolutionary Party in 1901-1911. - M., 1998.

Links



Leaders and eminent figures

Separated parties

Terrorism

Events and conflicts

Editions

An excerpt characterizing Gershuni, Grigory Andreevich

- Comment, M. Pierre, vous trouvez que l "assassinat est grandeur d" ame, [How, Monsieur Pierre, you see the greatness of the soul in murder,] - said the little princess, smiling and pushing her work closer to her.
- Ah! Oh! - said different voices.
- Capital! [Excellent!] - Prince Hippolytus said in English and began to beat himself on the knee with his palm.
The Viscount just shrugged. Pierre looked solemnly over his spectacles at the audience.
“I say so,” he continued desperately, “because the Bourbons fled from the revolution, leaving the people to anarchy; and Napoleon alone knew how to understand the revolution, to defeat it, and therefore, for the common good, he could not stop before the life of one person.
- Would you like to go to that table? - said Anna Pavlovna.
But Pierre, without answering, continued his speech.
“No,” he said, becoming more and more animated, “Napoleon is great because he has risen above the revolution, suppressed its abuses, retaining all that is good - both the equality of citizens and freedom of speech and press - and only because of this he acquired power.
- Yes, if he, having taken power, without using it for murder, would have given it to the rightful king, - said the Viscount, - then I would have called him a great man.
“He couldn't have done it. The people gave him power only so that he would rid him of the Bourbons, and because the people saw in him a great man. The revolution was a great thing, - continued Monsieur Pierre, showing with this desperate and defiant introductory sentence his great youth and desire to express more and more fully.
“The revolution and regicide is a great thing?… After that… would you like to go to that table?” Anna Pavlovna repeated.
“Contrat social, [Social contract],” the viscount said with a gentle smile.
- I'm not talking about regicide. I'm talking about ideas.
“Yes, the idea of robbery, murder and regicide,” the ironic voice interrupted again.
- These were extremes, of course, but not in them all the meaning, but in human rights, in emancipation from prejudices, in the equality of citizens; and all these ideas Napoleon kept in all their strength.
“Freedom and equality,” the viscount said contemptuously, as if he had finally decided to seriously prove to this young man all the stupidity of his speeches, “all the loud words that have long been compromised. Who doesn't love freedom and equality? Even our Savior preached freedom and equality. Did people become happier after the revolution? Against. We wanted freedom, and Bonaparte destroyed it.
Prince Andrew with a smile looked now at Pierre, now at the Viscount, now at the hostess. In the first minute of Pierre's antics, Anna Pavlovna was horrified, in spite of her habit of light; but when she saw that, despite the blasphemous speeches uttered by Pierre, the viscount did not lose his temper, and when she was convinced that it was no longer possible to hush up these speeches, she gathered her strength and, joining the viscount, attacked the orator.
- Mais, mon cher m r Pierre, [But, my dear Pierre,] - said Anna Pavlovna, - how do you explain the great man who could execute the duke, finally, just a man, without trial and without guilt?
“I would ask,” said the Viscount, “how monsieur explains the 18th Brumaire. Isn't this a hoax? C "est un escamotage, qui ne ressemble nullement a la maniere d" agir d "un grand homme.
- And the prisoners in Africa, whom he killed? - said the little princess. - It's horrible! And she shrugged.
- C "est un roturier, vous aurez beau dire, [This is a rogue, whatever you say,] - said Prince Hippolytus.
Monsieur Pierre did not know to whom to answer, looked around and smiled. His smile was not the same as that of other people, merging with a unsmiling. On the contrary, when a smile came, his serious and even somewhat sullen face suddenly disappeared, and another appeared - childish, kind, even stupid and as if asking for forgiveness.
The Viscount, who saw him for the first time, realized that this Jacobin was not at all as terrible as his words. Everyone fell silent.
- How do you want him to answer everyone suddenly? - said Prince Andrey. - Moreover, it is necessary in the actions of a statesman to distinguish between the actions of a private person, a commander or an emperor. It seems to me.
- Yes, yes, of course, - put in Pierre, delighted with the help that came to him.
“It’s impossible not to admit,” Prince Andrei continued, “Napoleon is great as a man on the Arkolsky bridge, in a hospital in Jaffa, where he shakes hands with the plague, but ... but there are other actions that are difficult to justify.
Prince Andrew, apparently wishing to soften the awkwardness of Pierre's speech, got up, getting ready to go and giving a sign to his wife.

Suddenly, Prince Hippolyte got up and, with signs of his hands, stopping everyone and asking them to sit down, spoke up:
- Ah! aujourd "hui on m" a raconte une anecdote moscovite, charmante: il faut que je vous en regale. Vous m "excusez, vicomte, il faut que je raconte en russe. Autrement on ne sentira pas le sel de l" histoire. [Today they told me a lovely Moscow anecdote; they need to help you. Excuse me, Viscount, I will speak in Russian, otherwise all the salt of the anecdote will disappear.]
And Prince Ippolit began to speak Russian with the same reprimand as the French, who had spent a year in Russia. Everyone paused: so lively, Prince Hippolytus insistently demanded attention to his history.
- There is one lady in Moscou, une dame. And she is very stingy. She needed two valets de pied per carriage. And very tall. It was to her liking. And she had une femme de chambre [maid], even more stature. She said…
Here Prince Hippolyte became thoughtful, apparently with difficulty thinking.
“She said ... yes, she said: 'girl (a la femme de chambre), put on the livree [livery] and come with me, behind the carriage, faire des visites.' [make visits.]
Here Prince Hippolyte snorted and laughed much before his listeners, which made an impression unfavorable for the narrator. However, many, including the elderly lady and Anna Pavlovna, smiled.
- She went. Suddenly there was a strong wind. The girl lost her hat, and her long hair was combed ...
Then he could no longer hold on and began to laugh abruptly, and through this laugh he said:
- And the whole world learned ...
That was the end of the anecdote. Although it was not clear why he was telling it and why he had to be told in Russian without fail, Anna Pavlovna and others appreciated the secular courtesy of Prince Hippolytus, who so pleasantly ended Monsieur Pierre's unpleasant and unfriendly trick. The conversation after the anecdote disintegrated into small, insignificant rumors about the future and the past ball, the performance, about when and where who would see each other.

After thanking Anna Pavlovna for her charmante soiree, [a charming evening] the guests began to disperse.
Pierre was awkward. Fat, taller than usual, wide, with huge red hands, he, as they say, did not know how to enter the salon and was even less able to get out of it, that is, to say something especially pleasant before going out. Moreover, he was absent-minded. Rising, instead of his hat, he grabbed a three-cornered hat with a general's plume and held it, tugging at the sultan, until the general asked to return it. But all his absent-mindedness and inability to enter the salon and speak in it were redeemed by an expression of good nature, simplicity and modesty. Anna Pavlovna turned to him and, with Christian meekness expressing forgiveness for his trick, nodded to him and said:
“I hope to see you again, but I also hope that you will change your minds, my dear Monsieur Pierre,” she said.
When she said this to him, he didn’t answer, he just bent down and showed everyone again his smile, which didn’t say anything, except this: "Opinions are opinions, and you see what a kind and nice guy I am." And everyone, and Anna Pavlovna, involuntarily felt this.
Prince Andrew went out into the hall and, putting his shoulders to the footman who was putting on his cloak, listened indifferently to the chatter of his wife with Prince Hippolytus, who also went out into the hall. Prince Hippolytus stood beside a pretty pregnant princess and stubbornly looked straight at her through his lorgnette.
“Go, Annette, you’ll catch a cold,” said the little princess, saying goodbye to Anna Pavlovna. - C "est arrete, [Resolved,]" she added quietly.
Anna Pavlovna had already managed to talk with Liza about the matchmaking, which she started between Anatole and the sister-in-law of the little princess.
“I hope for you, dear friend,” said Anna Pavlovna, also quietly, “you will write to her and tell me, comment le pere envisagera la chose. Au revoir, [How the father looks at the case. Goodbye,] - and she left the hall.
Prince Ippolit went up to the little princess and, bending his face close to her, began to say something to her in a half whisper.
Two footmen, one a princess, the other his, waiting for them to finish speaking, stood with a shawl and a coat and listened to them, incomprehensible to them, French talk with such faces, as if they understood what was being said, but did not want to show it. The princess, as always, spoke smiling and listened laughing.

Ekaterina Gershuni is familiar to many women from the TV project "10 Years Younger". Ladies from all over the country are watching how you can transform, become more attractive, more stylish. The biography of stylist Gershuni is interesting and dynamic, we have described it today in this article.

Talented since childhood

Ekaterina was born in Tashkent on May 26, 1986. Ekaterina Gershuni, like all girls, loved to play with dolls, sew clothes for them. Only her clothes were very different from the dresses sewn by her friends, and the girls often asked her to create a beautiful outfit for their toys.

Later, already in adolescence, the girl helped her friends choose dresses, alter them, making them more unique. She always told her mother what clothes to buy, advised the best outfits that were more suitable for her.

Because of her love for creating dresses, the girl enrolled in a ballroom dance school, as all the dancers' performances involved beautiful outfits. Ekaterina Gershuni sewed costumes for her performances herself.

Education

Despite her hobby, the girl received her first higher education in a completely different field. She studied at the institute at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, and now she speaks fluently in German and English. Oddly enough, but this knowledge came in handy in her further studies, because she left for England after graduating from the Institute of Art with a degree in imageology.

In London, Ekaterina Gershuni received knowledge in the world of design and fashion from the most famous image makers and couturiers. With new knowledge, the girl returned to Russia, and soon became a popular stylist.

Television work

Stylist Ekaterina Gershuni became famous among the masses for many television projects, in which she was invited as a presenter or expert. So she can be seen in the project "Bureau of Congratulations with Zhanna Epple", in "Good Morning" (fashion section), in "The Queen of Beauty with Oksana Fedorova", on MTV in the show "Too Beautiful".

The most popular TV project with the participation of the stylist was the program "10 Years Younger". Ekaterina Gershuni with her team of professionals in the world of beauty helps women of mature age become really younger. Participants completely change their style, manner of speaking, makeup, hair and gait! Any woman who is ready for big changes in the goal of getting prettier, becoming better in everything, more self-confident can become the heroine of this project.

Worldwide popularity

Ekaterina Gershuni, whose photo is provided in our article, collaborates not only with Russian stylists and designers. She enjoys popularity abroad and works with famous couturiers.

Celebrities also love Catherine. The outfits created by Gershuni can be seen on many television, film and pop stars.

Now Ekaterina Gershuni is also engaged in teaching. She teaches a course called "Image and Style" at the Academy of Beauty.

Personal life of Ekaterina Gershuni

Ekaterina Gershuni is married, the couple has a son. Catherine met her husband as a very young person, she was seventeen years old at that time. Roman is ten years older than his chosen one, and at that time was already an established psychoanalyst, and now he has his own restaurant business. This man is an Israeli citizen and works in Russia on a contract basis.

The relationship between Roman and Catherine did not begin immediately, but only two years after they met. Throughout family life they had a warm relationship. But, as is often the case, they decided to leave, exchanged their big apartment two smaller, and live side by side so that David (son of Gershuni) could communicate with his father more often.

The couple have not yet been officially divorced, and who knows, perhaps this once happy couple will reunite.

One of Catherine's greatest hobbies is collecting watches from various companies. She also just loves to rearrange the house, create real stylish designer crafts from the most ordinary things.

Ekaterina Gershuni: height and weight

Surely, everyone who is familiar with the stylist Gershuni noticed the incredibly changing image of a woman. She is getting fat, then losing weight. Katya's height is 170 centimeters, and she considers her normal weight to be no more than sixty kilograms on the scales. Also, Ekaterina Gershuni simply loves to eat deliciously, and is a lover of the most harmful food: fried, smoked, salty and fatty. Once, she was horrified to find that she became the owner of as much as eighty-six kilograms of weight! This fact led her to real horror, and the woman decided, by all means, to return her graceful figure. She turned to nutritionists and trainers for help. But, as Gershuni herself admits, she herself became the most important assistant in the struggle for a slender silhouette. She had to fundamentally change her eating habits, and go in for sports. The efforts were not in vain, and after six months she was able to get rid of those twenty-six kilograms that were unwanted.

Ekaterina Gershuni says that she was able to regain her normal weight only by overcoming herself. It was difficult for her to live without her favorite foods, and to exhaust herself with exercises every day. She also says that she does not believe in diets, and not hunger can help in losing weight, but proper nutrition, sports, specialists developing a special program.

Returning weight

After Catherine and Roman decided to part ways, stylist Gershuni began to recover again. As she said in an interview, she seized her depression and stress with food. As a result, her weight after that began to increase, and reached the mark of sixty-nine kilograms. This time, Catherine decided not to lose weight so actively, but to do it measuredly. You can follow her progress on Instagram, where Gershuni uploads photos showing a positive trend. Now she has already managed to get rid of four kilograms, and is not going to stop there. The woman's plans include reaching the usual sixty, and trying not to gain so much weight in the future.

Ekaterina Gershuni is not afraid to experiment with her appearance. Now known as the hot brunette, she was just a cute blonde and had a completely different hairstyle. The same applies to excess weight. Catherine is not afraid to gain weight, she knows that she will be able to put herself in order again. The only thing, now she began to deny herself the next portion of fried. The stylist now treats himself with his favorite food less often.

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Grigory Gershuni

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Grigory Andreevich Gershuni (Gersh-Isaak Gershuni; , Kovno, Russian Empire - March 17, Zurich, Switzerland) - Russian terrorist, one of the founders of the "militant organization" of the Party of Socialist Revolutionaries.

Biography

Gershuni was the first to outline the scheme of the Party's Combat Organization and outlined its goals, considering that

"The militant organization not only performs an act of self-defense, but also acts offensively, injecting fear and disorganization into the ruling spheres."

Chernov wrote this about Gershuni's views on revolutionary terror:

“... Gershuni demanded from the revolution the same thing that humane people demand from the commanders. Avoid unnecessary sacrifices, spare the vanquished, respect the interests and lives of neutrals. He reacted with enthusiasm to the act of I. Kalyaev, who, having come out with a bomb against the leader. Prince Sergei, retreated, seeing next to the Great. the prince of his wife and children. "

Gershuni's popularity increased dramatically after these terrorist attacks. V. Chernov wrote about the activities of the combat organization: "Actually, the center of the combat organization, its dictator was Gershuni." Interior Minister V.K.Pleve told S. Zubatov that Gershuni's photo would remain on his desk until Gershuni was arrested. S. Zubatov highly appreciated the revolutionary and terrorist abilities of Gershuni and called him "an artist in the matter of terror."

Write a review on the article "Gershuni, Grigory Andreevich"

Notes (edit)

Literature

Shikman A.P. Figures of national history. Biographical reference book. - M., 1997.
Kara and other prisons of the Nerchinsk penal servitude. - M., 1927.
Gorodnitsky R.A. The fighting organization of the Socialist Revolutionary Party in 1901-1911. - M., 1998.

Links

View this template

Leaders and eminent figures

Separated parties

Terrorism

Events and conflicts

Editions

Lua error in Module: External_links on line 245: attempt to index field "wikibase" (a nil value).

An excerpt characterizing Gershuni, Grigory Andreevich

I don't remember how I ended up in the center of this circle. I only remember how suddenly brightly glowing green rays emanated from all these figures and joined right on me, in the area where my heart was supposed to be. My whole body began to quietly “sound” ... (I don’t know how it would be possible to more accurately define my then state, because it was precisely the sensation of a sound inside). The sound became stronger and stronger, my body became weightless and I hung above the ground just like these six figures. The green light became unbearably bright, filling my entire body completely. There was a feeling of incredible lightness, as if I was about to take off. Suddenly, a dazzling rainbow flashed in my head, as if a door had opened and I saw some completely unfamiliar world. The sensation was very strange - as if I had known this world for a very long time and, at the same time, had never known it.
As my husband later explained to me, I saw at that moment Sacred Daaria, a distant and amazing ancestral home of our ancestors. But then I was just a little girl and saw only a crystal city of extraordinary beauty, similar to one of the amazing cities of my fairy tales ... Then these visions suddenly disappeared and others appeared, already completely incomprehensible. A powerful sparkling stream of some unfamiliar signs, similar to strange and very beautiful letters ... (which I learned much later, reading the ancient Slavic Vedas) floated before my eyes. I saw a huge crystal staircase, so high that it seemed as if it was going nowhere. And one of the six showed that I had to follow it upstairs.
It was extraordinary - I did not feel my body at all, it was completely weightless! At the very top, six more tall luminous figures were waiting, on the head of one of which a crown of amazing beauty sparkled. It shone and shimmered with millions of colors (which I have never seen on Earth!) And changed shape all the time. Then, of course, I found out that these were just energy structures of a very high essence (which most often resemble a crown), but then it was truly absolutely extraordinary and painfully beautiful ...
I somehow found myself in a circle again, only now there were already twelve luminous figures around me. Again, an amazing sound was heard. And I saw myself in a strange crystal egg, which was, as it were, assembled from many diamond crystals. The figures disappeared somewhere, I was the only one left. Suddenly, each of these crystals began to glow brightly and I felt completely "full of holes". It was as if millions of holes suddenly opened in my body, through which some strange warm music poured into me from each crystal. It was so amazingly good that I wanted to cry ... I didn't remember anything else.
I woke up in the morning in my room, perfectly remembering every detail of what happened last night and knowing absolutely for sure that it was not a dream and not my imagination, but that it was real and real - as it was always with me. But even if I really wanted to doubt it, subsequent events would completely erase my most skeptical childhood thoughts, even if there were any.

My strange "walks" were now repeated every night. I didn’t go to bed anymore, but waited impatiently for when, finally, everyone in the house would fall asleep and everything around would plunge into deep night silence, so that I could (without fear of being "caught") once again completely plunge into that extraordinary and mysterious , The "other" world, in which I have almost got used to being. I was waiting for the appearance of my new "friends" and each time an amazing miracle given again. And although I never knew which of them would come, I always knew that they would come without fail ... And whoever of them would come, he will again give me another fabulous moment, which I will cherish for a very long time and carefully in my memory like in a closed magic chest, the keys to which only I had ...
But one day nobody showed up. It was a very dark moonless night. I stood with my forehead pressed against the cold window glass and stared at the garden covered with a shimmering snow shroud, trying to spot something moving and familiar to the pain in my eyes, feeling deeply lonely and even a little "treacherously" abandoned ... It was very sad and bitter and wanted to cry. I knew that I was losing something incredibly important and dear to me. And no matter how hard I tried to prove to myself that everything was fine and that they were just “late”, deep down I was very afraid that maybe they would never come again ... It was insulting and painful and I didn’t want to believe it. ... My childish heart did not want to put up with such a “terrible” loss and didn’t want to admit that it would still have to happen someday, only I didn’t know when. And I wildly wanted to push this ill-fated moment as far as possible!
Suddenly, something outside the window really began to change and flicker familiarly! At first I thought that it was finally one of my "friends" who were appearing, but instead of the familiar luminous entities, I saw a strange "crystal" tunnel starting right at my window and going somewhere in the distance. Naturally, my first impulse was to rush there for a long time without hesitation ... But then it suddenly seemed a little strange that I did not feel that usual warmth and calm that accompanied every appearance of my "star" friends.
As soon as I thought about it, the "crystal" tunnel began to change and darken before my eyes, turning into a strange very dark "pipe" with long moving tentacles inside. And painful, unpleasant pressure squeezed his head, very quickly developing into a wild exploding pain, threatening to crush all brains in general. Then for the first time I really felt how cruel and strong it can be headache(which in the future, only for completely different reasons, will poison my life for nineteen years). I was really scared. There was no one to help me. The whole house was already asleep. But even if I didn’t sleep, I still wouldn’t be able to explain to anyone what happened here ...
Then, being almost in a real panic, I remembered a creature with an amazingly beautiful crown and mentally called him for help. It would seem silly? .. But the headache instantly went away, giving way to wild delight, as I suddenly again saw the already familiar, sparkling city and my wonderful, extraordinary friends. For some reason they all smiled very warmly, as if with approval, emitting a surprisingly bright green light around their sparkling bodies. As it turned out later, I, completely unaware of it, passed the first test in my life that evening, of which, however, there will be very, very many later ... But that was then, and it was only the beginning ...
I was just a child, and I could not then suspect that in those “others”, incredibly beautiful and “pure” worlds, there may also be bad, or, as we call them, “black” entities. Who, like a fish on a hook, catch just such "green", newly hatched chicks (what I was at that time) and happily devour their raging vitality or simply connect to some of their "black" system forever. And, unfortunately, there are few such “chicks” who could once free themselves, if they did not know how, and did not have the necessary potential for this.
Therefore, I could not even imagine how lucky I was then that at the right moment I somehow managed to see something completely different from what someone tried to instill in me very persistently ... (I think that without realizing it, I was able to scan the current situation already then). And if not for my amazing “crowned” friend, whom I, wildly frightened, very timely called, no one knows in which of the distant “black” worlds my essence would live now, if it were still alive at all ... That is why there was so much joyful warmth and light in the hearts of my "star" friends. And I think that, unfortunately, this was also one of the main reasons for our farewell. They thought I was ready to think for myself. Although I did not think so at all ...

Two female entities approached me and, as it were, hugged me from both sides, although physically I absolutely did not feel it. We found ourselves inside an unusual structure that resembled a huge pyramid, all the walls of which were completely and completely covered with strange unfamiliar letters. Although, looking closely, I realized that I had already seen the same letters on the very first day of our meeting. We were standing in the center of the pyramid, when suddenly I felt a strange "electric current" emanating from both female entities right into me. The sensation was so strong that I was rocked from side to side and it seemed that something was starting to grow inside ...
Then the male essence with the sparkling crown stretched out its hands in my direction and ... the world changed ... A blindingly bright crystal tornado swirled around me, which completely "isolated" me from the friends who were there. When the tornado disintegrated, around me was a strange black naked Earth ... I was not clear where and, again, I was completely alone. But somehow it wasn't scary. I felt that they were trying to show me something and that I should definitely try to see it. Suddenly there was a very eerie feeling of absolute emptiness. There was nothing - no light, no sounds, no support underfoot. I was hanging "nowhere" ...

GERSHUNI Grigory Andreevich (Kh erh Yitzhak; 1870, Tavrovo, Kovno province, - 1908, Geneva), Russian revolutionary, one of the founders and leaders of the Socialist Revolutionary Party (SR).

In 1873 the Gershuni family moved to Shavli (Siauliai). In 1885 he graduated from the five classes of the gymnasium, then studied to be an assistant pharmacist. In 1887–88. worked in a pharmacy in Kronstadt. In 1888 he passed the exam for the title of pharmaceutical assistant. Until 1895 he served in various pharmacies in St. Petersburg. In 1895 he entered the courses of the medical faculty of Kiev University as a free listener. Established contacts with revolutionary organizations. In March 1896 he was arrested in the case of the Union Council of Kiev student organizations and communities. But he managed to convince the investigators that his activities were not “criminal in nature”, and the case was dropped. In 1897 he passed the exam for the title of pharmacist. He held the position of manager of a pharmacy in St. Petersburg.

At the end of 1897, Gershuni moved to Moscow, worked at the Institute of Experimental Medicine; in the spring of 1898 he left for Minsk, opened a chemical and bacteriological office. He was engaged in legal social activities. Thus, on his initiative, a school for Jewish children and evening courses for adults were opened in Minsk. Under the Minsk Society of Doctors, Gershuni organized public readings, created a mobile museum of school supplies.

Gershuni became more and more fond of revolutionary ideas, sharing the ideology of "Narodnaya Volya". He began to provide assistance to various underground groups. So, he organized a workshop for setting up machines for illegal printing houses, created a passport bureau for the production of false documents, arranged an illegal border crossing. In 1899, Gershuni joined the Workers' Party for the Political Liberation of Russia circle and soon became its head. At this time, the outstanding revolutionary E. Breshko-Breshkovskaya exerted a great influence on Gershuni, under whose influence he decided to devote himself entirely to the cause of the revolution. In March 1900, an illegal printing house created by Gershuni was discovered, and on June 19, 1900 he was arrested.

During interrogations with the head of the Moscow security department S. Zubatov, Gershuni in every possible way denied his connection with revolutionary organizations, which was a violation of the unwritten code of revolutionary honor. In July 1900 he was released from investigation. At the beginning of 1901 he became illegal. In the summer of the same year, Gershuni toured Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Ufa, Voronezh and other cities, establishing contacts with circles of socialist revolutionaries, intensifying their activities.

At the end of 1901 he went abroad as a representative of the southern and western groups of socialist-revolutionaries, united in the Southern Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries. In Geneva, Gershuni participated in negotiations on the creation of the Party of Socialist-Revolutionaries (SRs) together with E. Azef, M. Gotz, V. Chernov. A member of the party's central committee, Gershuni is a passionate supporter of terror. He created the militant organization of the Socialist Revolutionary Party. The first terrorist act was committed on April 2, 1902, when S. Balmashov killed the Minister of Internal Affairs D. Sipyagin with two shots from a revolver in St. Petersburg. On April 5, 1902, during the funeral of D. Sipyagin, Gershuni planned to organize terrorist acts against the Chief Prosecutor of the Synod K. Pobedonostsev and the St. Petersburg Governor-General N. Kleigels. But due to the indecision of the participants in the assassination attempt, terrorist acts were not carried out. On July 29, 1902, the worker F. Kachura shot in the Kharkov Tivoli park at the Kharkov governor, Prince N. Obolensky, who took part in suppressing the peasant unrest in 1902 in the Kharkov province. Gershuni accompanied F. Kachura to the scene of the attack. N. Obolensky was lightly wounded. On May 6, members of the militant organization, the railway worker E. Dulebov and who remained unknown, in the Cathedral Park of the city of Ufa, shot dead the Ufa governor N. Bogdanovich, who was responsible for shooting the workers' demonstration.

Gershuni's popularity increased dramatically after these terrorist attacks. V. Chernov wrote about the activities of the combat organization: "Actually, the center of the combat organization, its dictator was Gershuni." The authorities, when they found out who was the real organizer of the wave of terrorist attacks, fell into a state of panic. Interior Minister V. Pleve told S. Zubatov that Gershuni's photo would remain on his desk until Gershuni was arrested. S. Zubatov highly appreciated the revolutionary and terrorist abilities of Gershuni and called him "an artist in the matter of terror." On May 13, 1903 Gershuni was arrested in Kiev. In February 1904, the Military District Court in St. Petersburg sentenced Gershuni to death; convict prison in Eastern Siberia. In 1906 the Social Revolutionaries organized Gershuni's escape from prison. They carried him out in a barrel of cabbage. Along the way, points were organized at which Gershuni changed horses. From Vladivostok on a Japanese ship, he arrived in Japan, and from there to the United States, where he spoke at mass rallies of supporters of the Russian revolution and collected one hundred and eighty thousand dollars for the party.

In February 1907, Gershuni took part in the work of the 2nd Congress of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party in Finland, was elected to the Central Committee, where he was supposed to lead, together with E. Azef, all the terrorist activities of the party. At the end of 1907, gravely ill (lung sarcoma), he went to a Swiss sanatorium for treatment. The last days of Gershuni's life were darkened by the growing rumors about the betrayal of E. Azef, whom he continued to believe. He was buried in Paris next to the famous Russian revolutionary leader P. Lavrov. Gershuni's memoirs "From the Recent Past" (1908, Paris) have been translated into many languages, including Hebrew, and dedicated to M. Gotz.