Red calendar days presentation for elementary school. Calendar. Universe, time, calendar

1. What is a calendar

2. What kind of calendars are there in countries: Ancient, Pocket, Calendar significant dates, Church, Fisherman's calendar, Fan's calendar, Astrological calendar.

3. Types of calendars: Table calendar, Tear-off calendar, Desk calendar, Book type calendar.

What is a calendar?

• Days turn into weeks, weeks into months, and months into years - this is how time flows.
• Without a calendar, it would be difficult to determine what day or month it is. It lists the days of the week and months sequentially throughout the year.
• The word “calendar” translated from Latin literally means the following: “record of loans”, “debt book”. The point is that in Ancient Rome debtors paid debts or interest on them on the days of the Kalends - in the first days of the month. Hence the name. But the Greeks did not have calends. Therefore, the Romans ironically said about inveterate defaulters that they would repay the debt in Greek calendars, that is, it is not known when. This expression has become popular in many languages ​​of the world.

The priests also noted that every year, approximately simultaneously with the beginning of the flood, a bright star appeared in the sky before sunrise. We counted the days between these events - it turned out to be 365 days. This was 6,000 years ago, and before that no one knew that there are 365 days in a year. The Egyptians divided the year into 12 months of 30 days, adding 5 additional days at the end of the year.

Ancient calendar

What types of calendars are there?

The modern 12-month calendar appeared thanks to the Roman Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar. Before this, a calendar of 10 months was in use. In a four-year cycle, three years have 365 days, and the fourth has 366 days. Thus, it was possible to achieve correspondence between the calendar and the time of the Earth’s revolution around the Sun.

There are many more ways to count dates: Muslim, Israeli, Chinese, Indian and Buddhist calendars, which are still used today.

Pocket calendar

• The word “calendar” (we are talking about single-sheet pocket calendars, which have a picture on one side and a table of the days of the year on the other) appeared in Russia in 1780. However, they had to wait another hundred years for their printed embodiment.
• Such calendars were first printed in Russia in the mid-1880s in Moscow. And the first calendars with a new style were published in St. Petersburg at the beginning of 1918, immediately after the signing of the decree on the introduction of the Western European calendar in our country.

Time sheet calendar

• Time sheet calendar, in the form of a sheet publication containing a list of days of the year arranged by month in table form

Tear-off calendar

• Tear-off calendar, in which separate tear-off sheets are allocated for each day (week, month)

Desk calendar

Desk calendar, in which separate flip sheets are allocated for each day (week, month)

Book type calendar

• Book type calendar, published in the form of a book publication containing materials selected in accordance with a specific topic and (or address)

Calendar of significant dates

• Calendar of significant dates, including a selective list of days of the year associated with any memorable events, and information about these events

Church calendar

Calendar church holidays and fasts, a dictionary of names, lives of saints. List of troparia; prayers and gospel readings for every day.

Astrological calendar

When drawing up horoscopes, astrologers rely on moon calendar

Mayan calendar

A system of calendars created in the pre-Columbian era by the Mayan civilization. This calendar was also used by other Central American peoples - the Aztecs, Toltecs, etc.

In the treasury of legend Orthodox Church A special place is occupied by eorthology - a science that studies various aspects Orthodox holidays: biblical, dogmatic, historical and others. The liturgical side of the holidays, in this sense, seems to be the most important, since it is during the liturgical time that the Church overcomes the limitations of the conditions of human existence and helps the Christian to become familiar with eternity, which is revealed in the divine service. This article aims to outline the structure of the holiday system of the Orthodox Church with the identification of key differences different types holidays. The system of holidays, formed in the liturgical tradition, is set out in liturgical books, and in particular, in the 47th chapter of the Typikon, which is devoted to the classification of holidays of the Month of the Orthodox Church. This chapter of the Charter, dividing holidays by type and assigning a certain sign (graphic image) to each type of holiday, offers a fundamental basis on which the system of liturgical distinctions is built permanent holidays annual cycle. The Jerusalem Charter, now accepted everywhere in the Orthodox Church, divides all holidays into great, medium and small.

Great Holidays in the Typikon are indicated by the sign. The great holidays include all the fixed twelfth holidays, as well as five non-twelfth ones: the Circumcision of the Lord (January 1, Art.), Intercession Holy Mother of God(October 1, O.S.), app. Peter and Paul (June 29, Old Art.), Nativity of St. John the Baptist (June 24, Old Art.) and the Beheading of St. John the Baptist (August 29, Old Style).

According to the Charter, on the great holiday, as a rule, the following daily services are performed:

• Little Vespers, preceded by the 9th hour;
• all-night vigil, consisting of Great Vespers, Polyeleos Matins and the 1st ordinary trippsalm hour;
• 3rd and 6th ordinary tripsalm hours;

In the Orthodox liturgical eortological system to middle holidays The month of the month includes the vigil and polyeleos holidays, which are designated respectively as the cross is semi-circled- , And the cross is one and the same - .

At the sign of vigil on weekdays and Saturdays, according to the Typikon, the same services of the daily circle are performed as during great holidays. The differences relate mainly to two elements of worship. In comparison with the great holidays, at Matins before the canon of the holiday the canon of the Mother of God is sung, and at the litia of Great Vespers before the stichera of the holiday the stichera of the temple is sung.

At the sign of polyeleos on weekdays and on Saturday, according to the Charter, the following daily services are performed:

• Great Vespers, preceded by the 9th hour;
• Small Compline;
• Polyeleos Matins;
• 1st, 3rd, 6th ordinary trippsalm hours;
• Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom.

TO small holidays The Monthly Words refer to the memory of the doxological and sixfold saints, indicated in the Typikon by the signs - three points are imperfectly surrounded, having a red appearance - , and three imperfectly surrounded, having a black appearance - . Also, the number of small holidays traditionally includes the memory of saints, whose services in the Charter do not have any sign (the so-called small saints or saints without a sign).

On weekdays and Saturdays during the minor holidays of the Month, the Charter provides for the performance of the following daily services:

• daily vespers, preceded by the 9th hour;
• Small Compline;
• daily midnight office (on Saturday - Saturday midnight office);
• daily matins (when performing a doxology service - matins with great doxology);
• 1st, 3rd and 6th trippsalm hours;
• Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom.

Considering the order of services when different signs holidays of the Month, it should be noted the gradual increase in the degree of solemnity of worship from small holidays to great ones, which is achieved by performing a more solemn type of services, as well as through changing the structure of daily worship and introducing festive elements into the rites.

So-called doxological service, or service with great doxology is often perceived as everyday: the all-night vigil is not celebrated, vespers is served every day, and at matins the polyeleos are not sung and the Gospel is not read. However, we can say with all confidence that such an impression is erroneous. From the point of view of the Charter, the doxological service belongs to the solemn services, however, its solemnity, in the language of emotional perception, is not as “straightforward” as that of the polyeleos service, but rather more “soft” and “hidden”. Characteristic and unique feature The doxological service is its dynamism, the intense increase in “festivity”: from all-day vespers without entrance with censer and parimia to the solemn end of matins with the singing of the great doxology, as happens at the all-night vigil. It is enough to take a look at the holidays on which the Charter appoints a doxological service to make sure that the Typikon considers this type of service as an important component of the liturgical structure of the annual cycle. The Saturday of the Akathist and Lazarus Saturday, Mid-Pentecost, the celebration of Easter and the Twelve Feasts, the Council of the Mother of God, Monday of the Holy Spirit, the Beginning of the Indict and the Origin of the Honest Trees of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord - this is an incomplete list of doxological services, without which the church year would look much less bright and eventful.

The order of services of the daily circle, usual for weekdays, is preserved, as can be seen, even when performing the polyeleos. Solemnity is imparted to the divine service by performing a more festive type of service: instead of daily Vespers, Great Vespers is performed, and instead of daily or doxological Matins, Polyeleos is performed. After Great Vespers, according to the Rule, there should be a meal, followed by Little Compline - the last service before bedtime. The first service after the night's rest is the Midnight Office, followed by Matins, Hours and Liturgy.

The performance of the all-night vigil introduces significant changes into the daily liturgical cycle. In general, night time in Orthodox asceticism is considered the most suitable for prayer, which is why our Rule, which has absorbed the centuries-old liturgical tradition of Orthodox monasticism, honors the most solemn days of the year by performing an all-night service in honor of them - a long, many-hour service during the night. Thus, the all-night vigil represents the highest degree of festivity that is possible in Orthodox worship.

Since the vigil, consisting of Great Vespers, Matins and the 1st hour, must begin, according to the prescriptions of the Rule, “as soon as the sun has set,” that is, shortly after sunset (see Typikon, Chapter 2), at the usual time of evening prayer (after the 9th hour, i.e. according to our time count - about 3-4 o'clock in the afternoon) small vespers is performed. Thus, an additional service appears as part of the daily circle, designed to make up for Vespers that is missing in its “usual” place (i.e. before sunset).

On the other hand, Compline and Midnight Office, which are celebrated on common days between Vespers and Matins, in the presence of an all-night vigil, they are omitted. This is due to the fact that these services, according to the Charter, perform the function of prayers “for bedtime” and morning prayers. This significance of these services is confirmed by the prescription of the current liturgical tradition, according to which on the days of Bright Week the morning and evening cell rules, as well as Compline and the Midnight Office, are equally replaced by the Easter hours. In the case when the vigil service is performed, night rest is not implied, therefore, from the point of view of statutory logic, the celebration of Compline and the Midnight Office is not necessary.

The system of Mesyatseslova holidays and the composition of the daily services for them can be presented as follows in the form of a summary table.

Services and their texts						unsigned	two minor saints
Service name			Polyeleous	Doxology	Hexadecimal	No holiday sign
Holiday
Small Vespers
All-night vigil
Vespers type				everyday
Kathisma at Vespers	Blessed is the husband...
Stichera of the Menaion I cried to the Lord			by 6 or 8			(Octoeche: 3) Menaion for 3	on 6: St. 1 on 3 St. 2 on 3
Entrance with censer
Parimia
Lithium and stichera on lithium
1st stichera on lithium	holiday	temple (then holiday)
Stichera on verse					Octoechos (the Menaion may contain a chant of Glory)
Blessing of the Loaves
Funeral litany after Vespers
Compline and Midnight Office
Matins type	polyeleous			doxology	everyday
Small litanies on kathismas
Sedalny on kathismas
Polyeleos, sedalene by polyeleos, sedate, prokeimenon, Gospel, stichera of 50 ps.
Canons

If you are already studying the second one, go here >>

On this page are the answers to the first part of the notebook. If you are already studying the second one, go here >>

Ready-made answers from a solver on the subject " The world"for 2nd grade will help parents navigate and help their child prepare homework. We provide a workbook for part 1 of the workbook for the Perspective program. All answers to assignments were written by 2nd grade student Maxim Egorov with the help of parents, checked and approved by the teacher primary classes. We will explain tasks that may cause difficulties to you. As answers, we also provide extended information on relevant topics, which can be read in the articles of our encyclopedia and used if the teacher asks you to prepare a report or presentation at home.

GDZ for part 1 of the workbook the world around us, grade 2

Photos for the story:

Photos for photo story:

Page 36. Autumn.

Autumn months.

To understand: The Earth rotates around the Sun, while the Earth's axis is always tilted equally. When the axis is tilted towards the sun, it appears high relative to the ground, is “directly overhead”, its rays fall “vertically”, this time of year is called summer. When the Earth rotates around the Sun, the axis shifts relative to it and the Sun seems to descend relative to the Earth. Its rays fall obliquely on the Earth. Autumn is coming.

3. Write down the date.

For the answer, see the picture.

4. Write a story about one of the herbs growing near your house. Use information from the Green Pages book or other sources (at your discretion).

Mint.
There is mint growing near our house. This plant has a very pleasant smell. We often collect mint, dry its green leaves and add it to tea. I like to drink mint tea. There are several types of mint, including medicinal mint.

Plantain.
Plantain grows along roads, which is where it got its name. It has wide leaves and a long stem on which small flowers bloom and seeds ripen. This plant is medicinal. If you cut yourself, apply plantain and the wound will heal faster.

Photos for pasting:

Answer: second from the left.

The answer is in the picture.

It will be very useful to show your child a training video on processing flax >> This way the student will clearly see the whole process and will better remember the purpose of objects for processing flax.

A story about trees and shrubs in autumn with photographs will help with tasks from this topic >>

Answer: juniper.

Answer: larch.

Photo for pasting:

Dahlia

pp. 52-53. Mushrooms

4. Give other examples of edible and inedible mushrooms using the atlas-identifier From Earth to Sky (Pleshakov) >>.

Diagram of insect transformation.

4. Write a story about insects that interest you or about spiders. Use information from the atlas-identifier, the book “Green Pages!” or “The Giant in the Clearing” (of your choice).

Page 56-57. Bird secrets

2. Give other examples of migratory and wintering birds. You can use information from the book "Green Pages".

frog
toad
lizard
snake

Answer: 1. Squirrel. 2. Mouse.

pp. 62-63. Autumn work.

Photo for pasting:

Page 64-65. Be healthy.

3. Ask the elders in the family to tell about one of the backgammon games in your region. Describe the game together. Give it a name...

GAME "Tall Oak"

Everyone stands in a circle. There is one person with a ball inside the circle. He throws the ball high above himself and shouts the name of one of the players, for example: “Lyuba!” All the children (including the one who threw the ball) scatter in all directions. Lyuba must pick up the ball and throw it at one of the guys. Whoever gets hit throws the ball next.

Or we take the story from the page: Reports on animals of the Red Book >>

Photo for pasting:

Ready-made homework assignments on the subject of the world around you will definitely be useful to you, because often the assignments contain instructions to find information on the Internet. Where on the Internet are the most correct and detailed answers to questions about the world around us? Of course, we have 7 gurus! Catch the GDZ for the first part of the workbook for grade 2, the world around us, author of the notebook Pleshakov, Russian school program.

So, in the first part of the workbook, we will look at questions about the country in which we live, and get to know our hometown in more detail. In the section on the surrounding world about nature, we will learn what living and inanimate nature are, how they differ and how they are interconnected. Let's take a look at autumn and winter, take a close look at the starry sky and the Earth's storerooms. The sky, water, weather and natural phenomena will be revealed to us. Second-graders will also work on topics about plants and animals in the first part of the workbook. There is a guide for all topics!

GDZ for 7 gurus were checked by a primary school teacher and approved by excellent students who are preparing for a lesson on the world around us using our materials.

Click on the page numbers to see the complete answers to the workbook.

GDZ answers to part 1 of the workbook the world around us for grade 2

Where we live

Page 6 - 8. GDZ to the topic Home Country

1. Write down where you live.

Planet Earth
Country Russia
Republic (region, region) Moscow region.
City (village) Moscow

2. Find in the picture and mark (fill in the circle) the coat of arms Russian Federation.

If you are interested, find out with the help of additional literature, the Internet, which countries' coats of arms are shown in the picture. Sign it.

3. Cut out the strips from the Appendix and arrange them so that you get the flag of the Russian Federation. Test yourself using the textbook. After checking, stick the strips on.

Stripe colors from top to bottom: white,
blue,
red

4. Write down the names of the peoples whose representatives inhabit your region.

Russians, Armenians, Georgians, Kazakhs, Tatars, Jews, Ossetians, Chechens and others.

5. On p. 8 Describe the interesting traditions of one of the peoples of your region. Use your own observations, information received from adults, additional literature, and the Internet. You can draw traditional household items of this people or paste a photograph taken at a folk festival.

Maslenitsa- an ancient Slavic holiday, farewell to winter. Lasts a whole week. Every year he comes to different terms- from the second half of February to the first days of March. The beginning of Maslenitsa week depends on Easter - a big spring holiday. And the time of Easter changes from year to year. To find out when Maslenitsa comes, you need to count back seven weeks from the date of Easter this year. Eighth week - Maslenitsa.
Be sure to bake pancakes - this is the main holiday treat for Maslenitsa. An attribute of the holiday is a scarecrow that is burned at Maslenitsa.

Maslenitsa

Holidays of other nations:

Sabantuy

Literally, “Sabantuy” means “Plow Festival” (saban - plow and tui - holiday).
Previously, it was celebrated before the start of spring field work in April, but now Sabantuy is celebrated in June - after the end of sowing. Sabantuy begins in the morning. Women put on their most beautiful jewelry, ribbons are woven into the horses' manes, and bells are hung from the arc. Everyone dresses up and gathers on the Maidan - a large meadow. There is a great variety of entertainment on Sabantui. The main thing is the national struggle - kuresh. To win it requires strength, cunning and dexterity. There are strict rules: opponents wrap each other with wide belts - sashes; the task is to hang the opponent on your belt in the air, and then put him on his shoulder blades. The winner (batyr) receives a live ram as a reward (according to tradition, but now it is more often replaced with other valuable gifts).

White Moon Holiday ( New Year) in Buryatia

The New Year, according to the ancient Buryat calendar, also begins on the border between winter and spring, at the end of February - beginning of March. It is called Sagaalgan - the holiday of the white month. "White" means "pure", "holy". Every family brings order and cleanliness to the house, makes renovations, prepares gifts and waits for guests. Fragrant herbs are placed in front of the shrine with the Buddha statue. If children live separately, they must visit their parents. The younger ones congratulate the older ones and wish them health and long life. In the old days there were always horse races and sport games. The holiday lasted fifteen days.

Hololo. Koryak holiday at the time of the autumn equinox

Since ancient times, the Koryak people have grazed herds of deer in Kamchatka. The deer both clothed and fed the Koryaks and was a means of transportation across vast expanses. They mined Koryaks and fish, collected roots, berries and wild herbs. The Koryaks thanked nature for these gifts from their native land at the time of the autumn equinox. The largest of the ancient Koryak holidays was called Khololo. It lasted the whole day. A common meal was prepared for everyone. Boys and girls danced and sang songs.

Festival of prayer to the heaven-breadwinner among the Nanai people

An ancient Nanai trade is hunting wild deer, bears, and fur-bearing animals. Excellent trackers, experts on the taiga and its inhabitants, the Nanais took care of animals. They used the taiga wealth wisely and did not hunt more animals than were needed for food and clothing.
At the time of the autumn equinox, hunters held a holiday of prayer to the heaven-breadwinner. Before starting it, they fasted. Then, in gratitude to heaven, food was placed near the sacred trees - meat and porridge. They took water and ice home with them. And in gratitude to the drinking water, they sent berries, herbs, and cereals down the river in boats woven from twigs.

Page 9-11. GDZ on the topic City and village

1. Write down basic information about your city (village).

Name of city (village): Moscow
On which river (lake, sea) is the city (village) located: Moscow
Main street: Tverskaya
Main attractions: Kremlin, Tsar Bell, Tsar Cannon, St. Basil's Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow Zoo, monument to Peter the Great, VDNH, Bolshoi Theater.

2. Draw the house you live in or stick a photo.

3. Ask adults about the history of your house (for example, when and by whom it was built, when your family settled in it, what has changed in the house since it was built, how the area around the house has changed). If there are photos of your home in the past in the family album, look at them. Compare with how the house looks now.
Here you can paste copies of old photographs of your home or redraw them.

Using the information received, try to compose and write down a story on behalf of the house, as if it were talking about itself and its residents.

I am home, ordinary panel house. I grew up in a large wasteland, and with me in this wasteland others grew up, just like me at home. We can say that we are all twin brothers - we are so similar to each other. A variety of residents live in me: young and old, cheerful and sad, well-mannered and not so well-mannered. Most of all, young families with children like to live in me, because next to me there is also a cozy kindergarten, and a large school, and interesting playgrounds, and quiet, cozy parks. Older residents also really like the parks. True, they always praise me for the wide corridors, large elevators, high ceilings and spacious rooms. I'm glad I'm so young and modern house. My tenants are very happy to live in me.

4. Look at photographs of the same house in the past and present. Compare them. Make up a story based on these photographs (orally).

Page 12-13. Answers to the topic Project "Hometown (village)"

On these pages, provide the main materials for the project (photos, background information, etc.). Make and record a plan for speaking at the project presentation. Evaluate your work on the project. Express gratitude to those who helped you or participated in the work with you.

1) The city where I live
2) History of my city: year of foundation, development
3) Sights of my city
4) How does my city live now?
5) I love my city

I really enjoyed working on the project. I learned a lot of new things interesting facts about my city and discovered many places where I would like to go myself. The whole family helped me in my work. Dad found information on the Internet, mother helped prepare the presentation, grandmother looked for photographs, and grandfather shared his memories.

Thank you very much to my mom, dad, grandparents for their help! I also want to thank my friends Kolya and Misha. You helped me correct the mistakes in time.
And special thanks to my dog ​​Kuza. Without you, my walks around the city would not be so fun.

Page 14-15. GDZ on the topic Nature and the man-made world

1. Underline objects of nature with a green pencil, and objects of the man-made world with a red pencil.

Car, oak, dandelion, computer, anthill, snowflake, icicle, ice cream, TV, cloud, umbrella, rain, deer, book, pencil, chocolate.

2. Think about how to make pairs from these drawings. Connect the paired pictures with lines.
Complete the drawings by inventing your own pair.

3. Our friend Parrot loves everything that shines, rattles, shines, swims or flies. He asks you to fill out the table.

What or who Belongs to nature Created by man
Shining Firefly Lantern
Thunder Rumbles Rattle
Glitters Snow Car
Fish Boat Floats
Bird Airplane Flying

4. Give examples (write at least three in each paragraph). Do not repeat what is already written in the table!

1) Objects of nature: sea, mountains, forest.
2) Objects of the man-made world: cars, furniture, dishes.

5. Hold a game-competition: who can name the most natural objects. Follow the rule: the one who makes a mistake (names an object of the man-made world) is eliminated from the game. The winners in the groups compete with each other, following the same rule.

Page 16. Let's test ourselves and evaluate our achievements

When completing the tasks in the textbook, fill out the table. In the “My answer” column, fill in the circle with the color that, in your opinion, corresponds to the correct answer. In the “Correct Answer” column, fill in the circles as shown on the “Self-Test Pages.” Compare these two columns and fill in the third: if your answer is correct, put a “+” sign, if incorrect, put a “-” sign.

GDZ on the topic Nature

Page 17-19. Answers to the topic Inanimate and living nature

1. Using pencils of different colors (of your choice), highlight objects of inanimate and living nature.

Sun, spruce, frog, air, crucian carp, lily of the valley, granite, cactus, constellation, cloud, boletus, mosquito, ice floe, icicle, rose, water.

Decipher it in the frame symbols, that is, show what color indicates objects of inanimate nature, and what color indicates living beings.

Inanimate nature Live nature

2. Cut out the pictures from the Application and arrange them in the appropriate frames. Ask your deskmate to check your work. After checking, paste the pictures.

3. Correct the mistakes in Serezha’s statements (cross out the extra word). Test yourself with the tutorial.

1) The sun, stars, air, water, stones, plants - this is inanimate nature.
2) Plants, mushrooms, animals, humans, stars - this is living nature.

4. Fill out the table (write at least three examples in each column). Try not to repeat the examples from task 2.

Objects of inanimate nature Objects of living nature
Month Animals
City of Pisces
Bird Stones
Sand Plants

5. Our amazing Parrot is a lover of riddles. These are the riddles he offered you. Guess them and write the answers in the diagram. Explain the diagram (orally). Use it to tell us about the importance of the Sun for life on Earth.

Yegor will ascend the hill -
Above the forest, above the mountains.
Descends from the hill -
Hidden behind the grass
(Sun)

What makes ice melt is heat
It won’t knock, it won’t blurt out, but light will come through the window

6. Discuss ways in which connections between inanimate and living nature can be shown. Which of these methods is the most obvious? Why? In the top frame, draw a drawing showing an example of the connection between objects of inanimate and living nature (or paste a photograph). In the bottom frame, show the same connection using a diagram.

Page 20-24. Answers to the topic Natural Phenomena

1. Using the textbook, complete the definitions.

A) Insects: mosquito, fly, butterfly
b) Fish: perch, pike, bream
c) Birds: sparrow, crow, eagle
d) Animals: tiger, elk, mole

5. Nadya really liked her mom’s assignment about plants. And she came up with something similar for you, about animals. The names of four groups of animals are hidden here. Find them and fill in the squares with letters with pencils of different colors.

6. Compare the sizes of the animals shown in the picture. In the red squares, number the animals in order of increasing size. Number the blue squares in order of decreasing size. Ask your deskmate to check on you.

7. Indicate with arrows which groups these animals belong to. Test yourself using the textbook.

Amphibians - arrow to two frogs. Reptiles - crocodile, lizard, snake.

8. In the book “Green Pages,” read the story “Similar, but different.” Find out how a frog and a toad are similar and different. Write it down.

Comparison of frog and toad

Similarities: Appearance. Toads and frogs live both in water and on land. Most amphibians lay eggs, and frogs and toads are similar in this regard. The eggs hatch into small tadpoles that look more like fish than frogs.

Differences: The frog has a smaller body size and length than the toad. Toads are nocturnal animals. Frogs' skin is usually slippery, while toads' skin is matte and warty. Many frogs have teeth, but toads do not. The toad lays fewer eggs than the frog, only 4,000 to 12,000 per year, while the female bullfrog lays 18,000 to 20,000 in one season.

Page 45-47. Replies to the topic Invisible threads

1. Carefully read the third paragraph on p. 65. What four groups of connections are named in it? Use your textbook to complete the recording.

There are connections between:
a) inanimate and living nature;
b) plants and animals
c) various animals
d) nature and man

2. Complete one of the task options.

Option 1. Repeat the material on p. 26 – 27 textbook. What group of connections are we talking about? Check the box.

We are talking about the connection between: a) inanimate and living nature

Option 2. Re-read the text on p. 38 textbook. What groups of connections are we talking about? Check the box.

We are talking about the connection between: c) different animals

Option 3. Re-read the third paragraph on p. 45 textbook. What group of connections are we talking about? Check the box.

We are talking about the connection between: d) nature and man

Present your work to the class, get to know the work of other children. Organize a mutual review.

3. Determine the connections from the pictures. Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and place them in the appropriate frames. Ask your deskmate to check on you. After checking, paste the pictures.

Communication between:
a) inanimate and living nature
b) plants and animals
c) various animals
d) nature and man

4. Give your examples of connections for each group. Depict them using diagrams.

Communication between:
a) inanimate and living nature
b) plants and animals
c) various animals
d) nature and man

Pages 48 - 50. GDZ on the topic Wild and cultivated plants

1. Fill out the table. Give at least three examples in each column.

Wild plants: coltsfoot, cornflower, nettle, yarrow, clover.

Cultivated plants: raspberry, cucumber, pear, apple tree, plum.

2. Indicate with arrows which groups these cultivated plants belong to.

1) Cherry → Trees
Raspberries → Shrubs
Cucumber → Herbaceous plants

2) Eggplant → Vegetables
Apricot → Fruit crops
Cotton → Spinning crops
Gladiolus → Ornamental crops
Oats → Cereals

3. Our Parrot is a lover and connoisseur of fruits. Complete his task.
Many wonderful fruits are grown in hot countries. Here are some of them. Do you know their names? Number according to the list. Verbally describe the taste of the fruits you tried.

1. Pomegranate. 2. Papaya. 3. Mango. 4. Dates.

If you are interested, find information about any of these plants in additional literature and on the Internet. Prepare a message.

4. Here you can write down a fairy tale about a wild or cultivated plant, invented according to the instructions of the textbook.

A daisy grew up in a flowerbed, the rose looked at it and said to it: “You are so small, funny and homely, it’s not for nothing that they call you a wild plant!” And Chamomile answers her: “Yes, I know that you are a cultivated plant, but even though I grow wild, I help people treat diseases.” The rose thought and said: “You’re right, people need both of us. I am for beauty and aesthetic pleasure, and you are for health.” And they began to grow side by side peacefully and amicably.

Page 50-53. GDZ on the topic Wild and domestic animals

1. Underline the names of wild animals with a green pencil, and domestic animals with a red pencil.

Lion, cat, horse, crow, sheep, sparrow, cow, wolf, grasshopper, honey bee, chicken, shark.

2. Which animal is the odd one out in each row? Circle. Explain (verbally) your decision.

1) Dog. This is a domestic animal, the rest are wild
2) Bear. This is a wild animal, the rest are domestic

3. These riddles are offered to you by the dog Ryzhik, who has many friends among his pets. Guess the riddles. Cut out the guessing pictures from the Appendix and paste them into the appropriate frames.

Seven hundred nightingales
They sit on pillows. (Bees)
scarlet cap,
The caftan is speckled. (Chicken)
White mansions,
The supports are red. (Goose)
Doesn't spin, doesn't weave,
And he dresses people. (Sheep)
At the feet of the box:
Who is following her?
That's what she feeds. (Cow)

4. Fill out the table. Give at least three examples in each column. Try not to repeat names from previous tasks!

Wild animals Pets
Elk, fox, wolf, hare. Rabbit, parrot, turkey, duck.

5. Who can name more wild animals (orally)

6. The Wise Turtle loves to travel and knows the animals of distant countries well. Complete her task.
There are many amazing animals in the world. Here are some of them. What are their names? Sign using reference words.

From left to right: toucan, seahorse, chameleon, koala.

If you are interested, find information about any of these animals in additional literature and on the Internet. Prepare a message.

7. Here you can write down a fairy tale about a wild or domestic animal, invented according to the instructions of the textbook.

The Legend of the Peacock

Once upon a time there lived an ordinary gray bird, but she was terribly boastful. He declared that he could fly to the Sun and flew high into the sky. The Sun was offended by the bird and decided to teach it a lesson. It sent fiery rays at her. The bird became hot, its feathers stretched out and turned black, and on its tail they began to shimmer with all the colors of the rainbow. The bird got scared and came down. She no longer flew high in the sky and did not show off. Only sometimes she will come out of the forest, spread her iridescent tail, and everyone will admire her beauty. And people called this bird a peacock.

Page 53-55. GDZ on the topic Houseplants

1. We met these plants in first grade. Recognize them by their silhouettes.

From left to right: sansevieria, cactus, calla, hippeastrum.

2. Seryozha came up with a difficult but interesting task for you. Using the atlas-identifier "From Earth to Sky" select houseplants, whose names begin with the first 5 letters of the alphabet (one for each letter). Write these names.

A - Utilon. B - Balsam. B - Upstart (zephyranthes). G - Gloxinia. D - Dracaena.

3. Using the atlas-determinant "From Earth to Sky", fill out the table.

Houseplants in our class

Name of the plant Homeland of the plant
Sansevieria Africa
Tradescantia America
Chlorophytum Africa

4. Practical work"Learning to care for indoor plants."

Purpose of work: watering and spraying the plant.

Equipment (what plant care products were used): watering can, spray bottle.

Progress of work (what actions were performed): watered the plant from a watering can with settled water, sprayed the leaves with a spray bottle.

Evaluation of the work performed (whether the goal was achieved): the plants were saturated with moisture. The goal has been achieved.

Presentation: Report the results of the work to the class, listen and evaluate other messages.

3. Fill out the table. Give at least three examples in each column. To select examples, use the atlas-determinant “From Earth to Sky”.

Large dogs: Great Dane, Newfoundland, Doberman
Medium dogs: husky, chow-chow, basset hound
Small dogs: Pekingese, dachshund, Scotch terrier

4. Make and write down a general plan for a story about your pet.

1) My pet.
2) Habits of a poodle.
3) Caring for the dog.
4) The dog is my faithful friend.

5. Using additional literature and the Internet, determine the breed of this cat. Write down the name of the breed and basic information about it.

British cat.
Coat: short, thick, silky. Color: bluish-gray. Round eyes and a rounded muzzle, as well as a short, elastic, plush coat, became the main characteristic features of this breed. Such cats are distinguished by their special endurance and good health; they are excellent hunters even of large rodents (rats). Unpretentious in food.

Page 60-61. GDZ on the topic Red Book

1. What is the Red Book? Use your textbook to complete the definition.

The Red Book is a book that contains information about rare and endangered plants and animals.

2. Using the textbook, color the plants from the Red Book and write their names.

3. The Wise Turtle asks if you know the animals from the Red Book. Cut out and paste the pictures from the Appendix.

4. Make and write down a general outline of a story about a rare plant or animal.

1) Appearance.
2) Habitats.
3) What do they eat?
4) Causes of extinction.
5) How to save?

5. Write down which plants and animals of your region are included in the Red Book.

Steppe polecat, gray hamster, great bittern, red heron.

According to the instructions in the textbook, prepare a report about any plant or animal from the Red Book. Use the general outline of a story about a rare plant or animal. Write down the basic information about it point by point in the plan.

The muskrat is a fur-bearing animal listed in the Red Book. Lives in Russia. Lives near bodies of water, in burrows. Swims well. It feeds on worms, mollusks, and aquatic insects. They began to exterminate him because of his valuable fur. Now the muskrat is under protection. It is also bred to prevent extinction.

Page 62-63. GDZ on the topic Be nature's friend!

1. Cut out an environmental sign from the Appendix and paste an environmental sign to each rule.

2. Suggest 1-2 more rules for friends of nature. Formulate them and write them down. Come up with and draw an environmental sign for each rule.

Don't light fires. Do not trample mushrooms and plants.

3. Complete the drawing “The World Through the Eyes of a Grasshopper.”

4. In the book “The Giant in the Clearing,” read the first story (it’s called “The Giant in the Clearing”). Write down the lines from it that you consider the most important.

Animals and plants, stones and soil, water and air - this is all nature. Man is part of it. And if a person is beautiful, kind, smart, then this is exactly what his behavior in nature should be - beautiful, kind, smart.

Page 64-65. GDZ on the topic Project "Red Book, or Let's take it under protection"

On these pages, provide a list of plants and animals that you will include in your Red Book, or other materials for the project.

Project “Red Book, or Let’s Take Protection”

Plan of my speech at the presentation.

1) What is the Red Book?
2) Why is the Red Book needed?
3) Animals and plants of our region listed in the Red Book.
4) Why do we need to protect plants and animals?

How do I evaluate my work on a project?(whether the work was interesting, easy or difficult, whether it was completely independent or required the help of adults, how the cooperation with classmates developed, whether the work was successful).

My work on the project was very interesting and educational. I learned a lot of new things about rare animals and plants of the Lipetsk region. I think I succeeded.

Thanks for your help and cooperation.

I am very grateful to my parents for their help.

Page 66. Let's test ourselves and evaluate our achievements

When completing the tasks in the textbook, fill out the table. In the “My answer” column, fill in the circle with the color that, in your opinion, corresponds to the correct answer.

In the “Correct Answer” column, fill in the circles as shown on the “Self-Test Pages.” Compare these two columns and fill in the third: if your answer is correct, put a “+” sign, if incorrect, put a “-” sign.

City and village life

Page 67-69. Answers to the topic What is economics

1. Solve the crossword puzzle and you will find out what economics is.

Bread
Vegetables
Mirror
Ball
Kettle
Sock
Fruits
Automobile
Computer
The crossword puzzle turns out to be the word "economy".

Use your textbook to complete the definition.

Economy is the economic activity of people.

2. Do you know the sectors of the economy? Label the pictures yourself or with the help of a textbook.

3. In addition to those listed in the textbook, there are other sectors of the economy. For example, forestry, communications, catering, housing and communal services, banking sector, consumer services. Think about and explain (verbally) what each of these industries does.

4. Our enterprising Parrot offers a task. Collect on p. 69 small collection of coins. To do this, place different coins under the page and use a simple pencil to make their prints.

5. At home, find out from adults what sectors of the economy they work in. Write it down.

My mother works as a teacher in the education industry, and my father works as a programmer in the computer technology industry.

6. Here you can write down the outline of your message about money. different countries or basic information about them.

Before the advent of modern money, in almost all countries the main instrument of exchange was some kind of commodity. That is, the “money” was: tea, furs, shells, stones and other objects. The first coins appeared approximately 2,500 years ago in the country of Lydia (now part of Turkey).

The currency in Russia is the ruble, which is the oldest currency in Europe. The most common currency in the world is the American dollar. The currency of the European Union is called the Euro.

Page 70-71. Answers to the topic What is it made from?

1. Show different production chains with arrows of different colors.

2. Think and write about what people could turn these materials into.

Clay: dishes, jug, vases
Wool: scarf, hat, mittens
Wood: chair, furniture, houses, paper, fence

3. Make chains.

Iron ore - cast iron - steel
Grain - wheat - flour, bread
Wood – boards – furniture

Present your work to the class. Look what chains the other guys made. Evaluate their work.

4. In the atlas-determinant “From Earth to Sky”, find information about what stones are used to make jewelry. Write down the names of these stones.

Malachite, turquoise, amber, pearls, corals.

If you want, come up with and draw a stone decoration on a separate sheet of paper (for your home, as a gift for your mother or someone else).

Page 72-73. Answers to the topic How to build a house

1. Draw what is being built in your city (village). You can paste a photo. Don't forget to sign the drawing (photo).

2. The Wise Turtle wonders if you know construction machines. Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and place them in the appropriate frames. Ask your deskmate to check on you. After checking, paste the pictures.

3. What's missing in each row? Trace it with a red pencil. Explain your decision (orally).

There are extra logs in the first row (second picture), so this construction material, and the rest is construction equipment.
In the second row there is an extra concrete mixer (third picture), this is construction equipment, and the rest is building materials.

Pages 73-77. Answers to the topic What types of transport exist?

1. Complete the tasks.

1) Mark (fill in the circle) land, water, air and underground transport in different colors on the page. 74-75.

2) Mark passenger, cargo and special transport on the same pages with the first letters of these words (write the letter in the box).
Within this framework, decipher the symbols, that is, show what color or letter each type of transport is indicated by.

2. Give examples of transport that is also:

A) ground, passenger, personal: a car;
b) ground, passenger, public: bus, passenger train, tram, trolleybus;
c) water, passenger, personal: boat, cutter, jet ski;
d) water, passenger, public: motor ship, water bus.

3. Write down the phone numbers you call:

A) firefighters 01
b) police 02
c) “Ambulance” 03
d) “Rescue Service” 04, 112

4. Compare sizes Vehicle shown in the figure. In the red squares, number them in order of increasing size, and in the blue squares, number them in order of decreasing size. Ask your deskmate to check on you.

Come up with a similar task for your classmates, but with different examples.

5. Create and write down a general outline for telling the story. various types transport.

1) Transport in ancient times.
2) Invention of the steam engine.
3) The appearance of transport on the engine internal combustion.
4) The emergence of aviation.
5) Flights into space.
6) Electric motors are the future of transport.

Airship

The first car was Steam engine. She laid the foundation for steam locomotives, steamships, and locomobiles. In 1852, the Frenchman Giffard attached a steam engine to a hot air balloon. This flying machine was called an airship.

6. Our cheerful Parrot invites you to color the balloon so that it becomes beautiful and cheerful. You can hold a competition in class for the funniest balloon.
Have you ever seen real balloons? If yes, tell us about your impressions. In the frame on the right you can paste a photo of the balloon.

I saw hot air balloons at a ballooning festival. This is a spectacular show of the heavenly parade balloons. It is very interesting to watch this bright air transport. I just want to ride it myself, rise high into the sky and look at our beautiful land from a bird's eye view.

Page 78-80. Answers to the topic Culture and education

1. Underline cultural institutions with one feature, and educational institutions with two. Check your work with your deskmate. School, museum, circus, gymnasium, library, theater, school, college, university, concert hall, lyceum, exhibition hall.

2. This is the task Seryozha and Nadya came up with for you. Find out a cultural institution based on one single subject. Write the names of these institutions in the boxes.

3. Write what cultural and educational institutions there are in your region (city, village).

A) Cultural institutions: the "Benefit" theater, the "Luch" cinema, the local history museum, the I. A. Bunin Museum, the Gorky Library.

B) Educational institutions: Yeletsky State University named after I. A. Bunin, mechanical engineering college, lyceum No. 5.

4. Write a story about the museum you visited. Here you can paste a photo of a museum building or an interesting exhibit.

I visited the Armory. The Armory Chamber, a museum-treasury, is part of the Grand Kremlin Palace complex. It is located in a building built in 1851 by the architect Konstantin Ton. Presented here are precious objects kept for centuries in the royal treasury, made in the Kremlin workshops, as well as received as gifts from foreign embassies, ceremonial royal clothing and coronation dress, monuments of weaponry, a collection of crews, and items of ceremonial horse harness.

5. Find out what educational institutions the adults in your family graduated from and what profession they received. Fill out the table.

Family member Educational institution Profession
Mom is a Moscow State University teacher.
Dad MSU programmer

Page 80-81. Answers to the topic All professions are important

1. Give examples of professions related to different sectors of the economy.

Industry - steelmaker, miner, technologist, power engineer, welder, carver, layer, designer.
Agriculture- combine operator, milkmaid, agronomist, veterinarian, shepherd, mechanic, breeder.
Trade - seller, storekeeper, economist, merchandiser, cashier, sales floor worker (lays out and removes expired goods), sales consultant, supplier relations manager.
Transport - driver, conductor, flight attendant, pilot, mechanic, dispatcher, conductor.
Construction - crane operator, painter, bricklayer, plasterer, foreman, concrete worker.

2. Ant Question again mixed up something in his drawings. Show with arrows who needs to change places with whom.

3. The Wise Turtle has prepared a difficult task for you. What do people in these professions do? If you don’t know, ask an adult or find the answer in additional literature or the Internet. Write it down.

An oceanologist studies the world's oceans.
A speleologist studies caves.
An entomologist studies insects.
An ichthyologist studies fish.
An ornithologist studies birds.
A dog specialist studies dogs.

Page 82-83. Answers to the topic Project "Professions"

On these pages, present a story about the professions of your parents (other relatives, acquaintances).

My mom and dad graduated from Moscow State University. Mom works as a mathematics teacher at a construction college. She previously worked in a school but also taught math to children. It seems to me that being a teacher is a difficult job. In order to become a teacher, you need to study a lot and know a lot. My father is a programmer. Previously, he worked at a plant as a system administrator. Now he creates websites, writes programs, and advises companies in the field of computer technology.
My aunt is a kindergarten teacher. She loves children very much and she really likes her job. I haven't decided yet what I want to be when I grow up.
I like the profession of a doctor.

Plan of my speech at the presentation.

1) My mother's profession.
2) My dad's profession.
3) My aunt's profession.
4) Who do I want to become.

How do I evaluate my work on the project (was the work interesting, easy or difficult, how did the collaboration with adults work out, was the work successful).

I was interested in learning about professions. my parents. Mom and Dad talked very interestingly about their work, and I went to the kindergarten where my aunt works. My grandmother also helped me write the story.

Thanks for your help and cooperation.

Dad, mom, grandma, aunt Natasha, sister Lyuda.

Pages 84-87. Answers to the topic On a visit to winter

1. Based on the results of the excursion, fill out the table.

December 1
The snow has not fallen yet, but the puddles are covered with ice.
There are no leaves on the trees, no migratory birds are visible.

2. Indicate the order of the winter months with numbers.

3. Complete group work assignments.

Option 1

1) From the text of the textbook, write down examples of winter phenomena in inanimate nature.

Thaw, ice, snowfall, blizzard, frost.

2) Guess what these snowflakes are called. Indicate with arrows.

Option 2

1) Cut out from the Appendix and paste its fruits to each tree.

2) Draw the chains of footprints so that they lead to their “owners”.

4. In the book “Green Pages” read the story “White and Brown”. Find out how these hares are similar and how they differ. Write it down.

Comparison of the white hare and the brown hare

Similarities: Long ears, powerful hind legs, eat plant foods, in summer they have the same color - gray.
Differences: The hare is larger than the hare, it has longer ears, and it runs faster. The hare is gray in winter and summer, and the hare is white in winter with black tips of the ears.

5. Seryozha and Nadya’s dad offers you a task. Admire the beauty of winter nature and, based on your observations, complete the drawing “The Beauty of Winter.”

Page 88. Let's test ourselves and evaluate our achievements

When completing the tasks in the textbook, fill out the table.

In the “My answer” column, fill in the circle with the color that, in your opinion, corresponds to the correct answer. In the “Correct Answer” column, fill in the circles as shown on the “Self-Test Pages.”

Compare these two columns and fill in the third: if your answer is correct, put a “+” sign, if incorrect, put a “-” sign.

GDZ on the surrounding world from a workbook for grade 2, part 1, authors Pleshakov A.A. and Novitskaya M.Yu. - Perspective program are presented on this page. We hope they will help in preparing your homework.

GDZ on the surrounding world - grade 2 - workbook - part 1 - authors: Pleshakov A.A. and Novitskaya M.Yu.

Universe, time, calendar

Page 3 - 5 - We are the union of the peoples of Russia

1. Cut out from the Appendix figures of people in the costumes of some peoples of Russia. Make a cheerful round dance from the figures. If you are at a loss, look at the textbook.

In the center, write down the names of other peoples of Russia that you know.

2. Look at the map in the textbook on p. 4-5. Find on it the name of the part of the Russian Federation where you live. Complete the sentence with this title:

I live in Moscow region .

3. Imagine the union of different parts of Russia in the form of a magical flower. On one of its petals, beautifully write the name of your part of the Russian Federation. The long name can be abbreviated by the first letters of the words, For example, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug - Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

On the other petals of the flower, write the names of the parts of Russia where your family or friends live.

4. Find out from your elders or guess for yourself how the name Russian Federation is sometimes abbreviated in documents.

Write down your answer: RF .

5. This is a frame for photographs, drawings or a poem, a story about the most interesting things in your republic (region, territory, district, city, village). Together with your elders, design it as a keepsake.

Red Square in Moscow

We are the inhabitants of the universe

Page 6 - 7

1. Imagine that you are admiring the world around you. Draw two pictures. Explain (verbally) why you wanted to make these particular drawings.

Write down the definition.

The Universe is the whole world: stars, planets, satellites.

3. Find out by description celestial bodies and write their names in the boxes.

• Hot celestial bodies emitting light - 6 letters.

STARS

• Cold celestial bodies. Orbit the Sun. They do not emit their own light - 7 letters.

PLANETS

• Cold celestial bodies. Orbit planets - 8 letters.

SATELLITES

4. Label the names of the planets using a textbook or yourself.

Our “Spaceship” - Earth

Page 8 - 9

1. How do you imagine the Earth - our “spaceship”? Draw.

Earth is our spaceship

2. Fill in the gaps in the text.

The earth's surface that we see around us is called horizon . The boundary of this surface is called skyline .

3. Mark the sides of the horizon on the diagrams. Fill out diagram No. 1 using the textbook. Cover it with your palm or a piece of paper. Try to fill out diagram No. 2 yourself, and then test yourself.

4. Practical work “Compass”.

1) Consider a compass. Use the drawing to study its structure. Show and name the parts of a compass.

*Kartushka - a circular scale (plate with divisions) indicating the sides of the horizon.

2) Follow all the instructions and determine the sides of the horizon.

How to use a compass- Place the compass on a flat horizontal surface. - Pull the safety catch and wait until the arrow stops. - Rotate the compass so that the blue end of the arrow matches the letter WITH, and red - with the letter Y. Then all the letters will indicate the directions of the sides of the horizon. - When you finish work, put the arrow on the fuse.

3. Place signs on your desktop indicating the main cardinal directions.

4. Complete it.

Compass- This is a device for determining the sides of the horizon.

5. Solve the crossword puzzle.

1. Earth model ( globe).
2. The northernmost point of our planet (North Pole).
3. The southernmost point of our planet (South Pole).
4. Vast expanses of water on Earth ( oceans).
5. Huge areas of land surrounded on all sides by water ( continents).

6. Using a globe or yourself, identify the continents along their contours. Write the names of the continents.

Time

Page 12 - 13

1. Come up with drawings-symbols indicating the past, present and future. Explain (verbally) why you wanted to make these particular drawings.

2. Number the units of measurement in increasing order.

Think about which units of time can be determined by a clock, and which by a calendar.

By the clock you can determine: hours, minutes, seconds. Using the calendar you can determine: year, month, week, day.

3. Practical work “Clocks”.
1) Look at the clock. Use the drawing to study their structure. Show and name the parts of a clock.

2) Observe the movement of the arrows. Which one is the “fastest” and which one is the “slowest”?

The fastest hand on a watch is the second hand. The slowest hand on a clock is the hour hand.

Determine by the clock when the teacher gives the signal. Write down the time.

Time: 10 hours 20 minutes 32 seconds.

3) On the watch model, set different times and determine them. Show this time by drawing arrows.

Left on the clock: 12 hours 39 minutes. In the center on the clock: 5 hours 20 minutes. On the right on the clock is 11:00.

4) Complete it.

A clock is a device for measuring time.

Day and week

Page 14-15

1. Draw a picture to accompany your fairytale explanation of the change of day and night.

2. Cut out the parts from the application and assemble the applique diagram.

3. Write down the definition using a textbook or yourself.

A day is the time from one sunrise to another.

4. Number the days of the week in the correct sequence, starting with Monday.

5. Remember the interesting events that happened in your family on Sunday. Write a story about one of them.

One Sunday my family and I went to nature. We take with us a rubber boat, a tent and other camping supplies. All day on fresh air Dad and I go fishing, and Mom cooks fish soup. It was a wonderful day.

My week

Page 16 -17

Make up a photo story about your life in a week. Come up with captions for the photos. Write down how you rate the past week and why.

Football My week was great. I learned a lot of new and interesting things at school, and had a good rest on the weekend.

Month and year

1. Cut out the parts from the Appendix and assemble an applique diagram.

2. Observe the Moon for a month. Try to see the new moon, the “growth” of the Moon, the full moon, the “aging” of the Moon. Draw what the Moon looks like on different days. Under the pictures, write down the dates of observations.

Moon phases: “growing” moon, full moon, “aging” moon and new moon

3. Draw a picture to accompany your fairytale explanation of the changing appearance of the Moon.

Year- this is the time during which the Earth makes a complete revolution around the Sun.

5. Number the months in the correct order, starting with January.

Seasons

Page 20-21

1. Come up with symbolic drawings for the four seasons. Draw them in the correct sequence, starting with spring. Write the names of the seasons.

2. Cut out the parts from the Appendix and assemble an appliqué diagram.

3. Draw a picture to accompany your fairytale explanation of the changing seasons.

4. Write down the definition.

Natural phenomena are all changes occurring in nature.

5. Give 2-3 examples of seasonal phenomena.

Spring phenomena: snowmelt, flood, drops. Summer phenomena: rainbow, hail, lightning. Autumn phenomena: fog, rain, slush. Winter phenomena: snowfall, blizzard, blizzard. Read more about natural phenomena in the article: natural phenomena.

Weather

Page 22 - 23

1. Practical work “Thermometer”.

1) Using a photograph and workbook text, study the structure of an outdoor thermometer. Show and name its main parts.

Main parts of thermometer - glass tube, filled with liquid, and a scale (plate with divisions). Each division on the scale represents one degree. In the middle of the scale you see zero. This is the border between degrees of heat and degrees of frost. The end of the liquid column in the thermometer tube indicates the number of degrees.

2) Compare thermometers: street, room, water, medical. What are their similarities and differences?

The similarity between different thermometers is that they are all used to measure temperature.

The differences between different thermometers lie in their areas of application, as well as in the temperature range marked on the scale.

3) Read how temperature is recorded and do the exercises.

The number of degrees of heat is written with a “+” sign, and the number of degrees of frost - with a “-“ sign. A small circle is placed next to the word “degree”.

For example +10, -10. If a medical thermometer shows a temperature above +37, then the person is sick.

Write in numbers:

Ten degrees of heat - +10°C ten degrees of frost - -10°C zero degrees - 0°C six degrees above zero - +6°C six degrees below zero - -6°C

Write it down in words:

5°C - five degrees Celsius.

-7°C - seven degrees below zero.

4) Using appropriate thermometers, determine the temperature of the air, water, and your body. Fill the table.

5) Write down the definition.

This is a device for measuring temperature.

Page 24 - 25
2. What weather phenomena are shown in the photographs? Sign.

Mark (fill in the circle) the phenomena that you observed.

3. Conventional signs are used to indicate weather phenomena. Look at them and learn to draw. 4. Write down the definition using a textbook or yourself.

Weather

is a combination of air temperature and precipitation, wind and cloudiness.

Calendar - keeper of time, guardian of memory

Page 26 - 27

1. Consider how the page of the tear-off calendar is arranged. Using her example, design the “My Birthday” calendar page on the right. Create a spoken story about yourself for the back page of the calendar. 2. Write the names of the seasons in the center of the calendar circle. Color it

3. Using the calendar circle, determine which months your loved ones’ birthdays fall on. Write their names in the box. And in the circles indicate the numbers of family holidays.

4. Guess the riddles. Write down the answers. Check the answers in the Appendix.

Days arrive, Twelve brothers And he himself departs. They follow each other, (Tear-off calendar) They don’t pass each other.

(months)

Red days of the calendar

Page 28 - 29

1. Come up with a holiday sign. Draw it in a frame.

2. Select and paste a photo of the celebration of one of the red days of the calendar (of your choice). Come up with a caption for it. You can use photographs from magazines.

Folk calendar

Page 36. Autumn.

Page 30 - 31

Autumn months

1. In the first column, read aloud the names of the autumn months in the ancient Roman calendar. Compare their sound with the sound of modern Russian names for the autumn months. Write Russian names in the second column. Orally make a conclusion about their origin.

In the 2nd column we write from top to bottom: September October November

Find out from your elders and write down in the third column the names of the autumn months in the languages ​​of the people of your region.

In the 3rd column we write from top to bottom: howler monkey

2. Write down the names of the autumn months in the language of the peoples of your region that are connected:

a) with the phenomena of inanimate nature: rain bell, howler, mudbird, gloomy, howler.

b) with phenomena of living nature: deciduous, leaf fall.

c) with the difficulty of people: the bread-grower, the wedding-gardener, the skit-maker, the leaf-cutter. 3. Russia is great. Therefore, we see off summer and welcome autumn in different time

and more than once. Write down the dates of the arrival of autumn according to the ancient calendars of the peoples of your region.

Answer: summer in Russia comes on September 1 (the modern date of the arrival of autumn), September 14 (the arrival of autumn according to the old style), September 23 (the day of the autumnal equinox in the Moscow state was considered the day of the onset of autumn).

4. Captions for the drawing to choose from: golden autumn; a sad time - a charm of the eyes; autumn in the village; autumn Moscow; waiting for winter.

pp. 38-39. Autumn in inanimate nature.

1. Mark a diagram that shows the position of the sun in autumn. Explain (orally) your choice.

To understand: The Earth rotates around the Sun, while the Earth's axis is always tilted equally. When the axis is tilted towards the sun, it appears high relative to the ground, is “directly overhead”, its rays fall “vertically”, this time of year is called summer. When the Earth rotates around the Sun, the axis shifts relative to it and the Sun seems to descend relative to the Earth. Its rays fall obliquely on the Earth. Autumn is coming.

2. Make a list of autumn phenomena in inanimate nature using the textbook text.

Answer: frost, frost, rain, fog, autumn equinox, freeze-up.

3. Write down the date.

pp. 40-41. Folk holidays at the time of the autumn equinox.

Traditional costumes of Nanai hunters of the Amur region are a combination of brown, red, pink and blue flowers. The dishes are golden and painted.

Reindeer herders in Kamchatka dress in clothes and shoes made from reindeer skins, usually in all shades of brown or gray, with light fur.

P.42-43. Starry sky in autumn.

1. Using the illustrations in the textbook, connect the stars so that you get the shapes of a bear and a swan. In the left picture, highlight the dipper of the Big Dipper.

For the answer, see the picture.

2. Draw a picture for your fairy-tale story about how a big bear appeared in the starry sky.

Fairytale story: One day a bear cub wanted to feast on honey and climbed up a tree to destroy the hive. And the forest bees are angry, they attacked the bear cub and began to sting. The bear cub began to climb higher and higher up the tree. The mother bear saw this, rushed to save the bear cub, also climbed the tree, and followed him to the very top of the tree. She covers her son with herself, and the bees sting more and more. I had to climb even higher, to the very sky, so that the bees wouldn’t reach me. They are still there: Ursa Major and Ursa Minor.

Or write a story about how bears hid in a tree from a hunter, and then climbed into the sky and escaped the chase.

We draw bears climbing into the sky from the top of a tree.

3. Observe the starry sky. Find familiar and new constellations and stars. Note the location of the Ursa Major's scoop. Write down the names of the constellations and stars that you were able to see:

Constellations: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Pisces, Aries, Andromeda.

Stars: Venus, Sirius, Polaris.

4. Write a story about one of the constellations of the autumn sky. For this purpose, use information from the atlas-identifier, other books, the Internet (at your discretion).

Story: Bootes or Shepherd is a constellation in the sky of the northern hemisphere. It is observed both in summer and autumn. It looks like a man guarding a herd. The imagination of ancient people depicted him with a staff and two dogs. There are several myths about this constellation, but the most interesting one says that the first plowman on earth was turned into this constellation, who taught people to cultivate the land. The constellation Bootes includes the very bright star Arcturus next to Ursa Major, and it itself resembles a fan.

If you want, come up with a fairy tale about the constellations of the autumn sky. Write it down on a separate sheet of paper and arrange it beautifully.

First you need to find out which constellations are visible in the sky of the northern hemisphere in the fall. They are shown and labeled in the figure:

We come up with a fairy tale about any of them or all of them at once.

Fairy tale: People lived in the same city. They were kind and honest, they achieved everything through their hard work. Among them was a shepherd who tended cattle, a charioteer, twin children, an Aquarius who carried water from a well, a beautiful maiden and Cassiopeia and many others. They also had pets: Taurus, Aries, horse, hounds. And when the boy Perseus began to play the flute, all the animals from the nearby forest came to listen to him: the cunning fox, the lynx, the lion, the mother bear and her cub. Fish, a whale and a dolphin swam to the shore. Even the fairy-tale unicorn and dragon listened to the gentle melody. But then one autumn a volcanic eruption began near the town. He burned forests and fields, knocked down houses and was ready to burn the city and all its inhabitants. But the huge dragon told the people: you have never done harm to anyone, you are all very good and I will save you. He gathered everyone who could fit onto his back and carried him to heaven. So the constellation Perseus and the dragon still shine from the sky to this day; there was a place for everyone in the autumn night sky.

Page 44-45. Grass near our house.

1. Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and place each plant in its own window.

3. Consider herbaceous plants near your home. Using an atlas-identifier, find out the names of several herbs and write them down.

Answer: clover, bluegrass, foxtail, yarrow, knotweed (bird buckwheat), plantain, dandelion, mint, burdock.

4. Write a story about one of the herbs growing near your house. Use information from the Green Pages book or other sources (at your discretion).

Mint.
There is mint growing near our house. This plant has a very pleasant smell. We often collect mint, dry its green leaves and add it to tea. I like to drink mint tea. There are several types of mint, including medicinal mint.

Plantain.
Plantain grows along roads, which is where it got its name. It has wide leaves and a long stem on which small flowers bloom and seeds ripen. This plant is medicinal. If you cut yourself, apply plantain and the wound will heal faster.

Photos for pasting:

pp. 46-47. Ancient woman's work.

1. Find flax among these plants.

Answer: second from the left.

3. You are in the museum of flax and birch bark in the city of Kostroma. Look at photographs of tools for processing flax, making linen threads and fabric. Write the numbers of their names in the circles. 1. Spinning wheel. 2. Weaving mill. 3. Spinning wheel. 4. Ruffled. 5. Mortar and pestle. 6. Flax mill.

The answer is in the picture.

It will be very useful to show your child an instructional video on flax processing. This way the student will clearly see the whole process and will better remember the purpose of the items for processing flax.

Page 48-49. Trees and shrubs in autumn.

1. Identify trees and shrubs by their leaves and write the numbers of their names in the circles.

The answer is in the picture. The leaves of linden, birch and hazel turn yellow in autumn. Euonymus can be either yellow or purple in the fall. Oak leaves turn orange. Rowan, maple and aspen are yellow-red. Viburnum leaves in autumn are green or yellow at the stem and red at the edges.

2. Find a shrub among these plants and underline its name.

Answer: juniper.

Find a tree whose needles turn yellow and fall off in the fall.

Answer: larch.

3. Visit a forest, park or square. Admire the trees and shrubs in their autumn attire. Use the identification atlas to find out the names of several trees and shrubs. Write them down.

Answer: Birch, poplar, thuja, maple, rowan, linden, spruce, pine, aspen.

4. Observe and write down when the leaf fall ends: for birches - in October; for linden trees - in September; for maples - in September; for poplar - in November; for aspen - in September; at viburnum - in October.

pp. 50-51. Wonderful flower beds in autumn

3. Identify a few fall flower garden plants. Write down their names.

We determine it using the atlas of Pleshakov’s determinant.

Answer: chrysanthemums, asters, dahlias, rudbeckia, helenium, ornamental cabbage.

Photo for pasting:

4. Write a story about one of the plants in the autumn flower garden.

Dahlia

1. The legend tells how the dahlia flower appeared on earth. Dahlia appeared on the site of the last fire, which died out during the attack ice age. This flower was the first to sprouted from the ground after the arrival of warmth on the earth and with its flowering marked the victory of life over death, warmth over cold.

2. In ancient times, the dahlia was not as common as it is now. Then it was only the property of the royal gardens. No one had the right to remove or remove the dahlia from the palace garden. A young gardener named George worked in that garden. And he had a beloved, to whom he once gave beautiful flower- dahlia. He secretly carried a dahlia sprout out of the royal palace and planted it near his bride's house in the spring. This could not remain a secret, and rumors reached the king that the flower from his garden was now growing outside his palace. The king's anger knew no bounds. By his decree, the gardener Georg was captured by guards and put in prison, from which he was never destined to leave. And the dahlia has since become the property of everyone who liked this flower. This flower, the dahlia, was named after the gardener.

pp. 52-53. Mushrooms

2. Draw a diagram of the structure of a mushroom and label its parts. Test yourself using the diagram in the textbook.

The main parts of the mushroom: mycelium, stem, cap.

4. Give other examples of edible and inedible mushrooms using the atlas-identifier From Earth to Sky (Pleshakov).

Edible mushrooms: butterfly, boletus, milk mushroom, saffron milk cap, russula.

Inedible mushrooms: fly agaric, galerina, svinushka.

Page 54-55. Six-legged and eight-legged.

1. What are these insects called? Write the numbers of their names in the circles.

2. Cut out the pictures from the application and make diagrams of the transformation of insects. Finish the signatures.

Diagram of insect transformation.

Eggs - larva - dragonfly. Eggs - caterpillar - pupa - butterfly.

3. Find an extra picture in this row and circle it. Explain (verbally) your decision.

Answer: Extra spider. It has 8 legs and is classified as an arachnid, while the others in the picture have 6 legs and are insects.

4. Write a story about insects that interest you or about spiders. Use information from the atlas-identifier, the book “Green Pages! or “Giant in the Clearing” (your choice).

Near our dacha, in the forest, there are several large anthills. Ants work all day, collecting seeds and dead animals. Ants also graze aphids. They slap the aphid on the back, and it secretes a drop of sweet liquid. This liquid attracts ants. They love sweets.

Page 56-57. Bird secrets

1. What are these birds called? Write the numbers of their names in the circles.

Migratory birds: swallow, swift, starling, duck, heron, rook.

Wintering birds: jay, woodpecker, nuthatch, tit, crow, sparrow.

2. Give other examples of migratory and wintering birds. You can use information from the book “Green Pages”.

Migratory birds: crane, redstart, sandpiper, thrush, wagtail, wild geese.

Wintering birds: jackdaw, pigeon, bullfinch, magpie.

3. Watch the birds of your city (village). Find out their names using the identification atlas. Pay attention to the behavior of the birds. Does every bird have its own character? Based on the results of your observation, write your story. Make a drawing and paste a photo.

The jay is a forest bird, but in Lately it can increasingly be found in the city: parks and squares. This is a very beautiful bird. On her wings she has multi-colored feathers with a blue tint. The jay screams sharply, piercingly. This forest beauty loves to eat acorns, also picks up leftover food, and sometimes destroys bird's nests and even attacks small birds.

Page 58-59. How different animals prepare for winter.

1. Recognize animals by description. Write the names.

frog
toad
lizard
snake

2. Color the squirrel and hare in summer and winter outfits. Draw each animal its natural environment. Explain (orally) why these animals change coat color.

The hare is gray in summer, slightly reddish, and by winter it changes its skin to white.

Squirrels come in a variety of colors, from light tan to black. In the fall, they also molt, changing their coat to a thicker and warmer one, but their color does not change significantly.

3. Sign who made these supplies for the winter.

Answer: 1. Squirrel. 2. Mouse.

4. Write the names of the animals in the text.

On the ground in a hole, the hedgehog makes a small nest from dry leaves, grass, and moss. In it he hibernates until spring. And in late autumn, a bear makes a den for itself under a fallen tree and sleeps in it all winter.

pp. 60-61. Invisible threads in the autumn forest.

1. How are the oak and forest animals related to each other? Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and paste them into the windows of diagram No. 1, and write the names of the animals in diagram No. 2.

Answer: squirrel, jay, mouse. They feed on oak fruits and live here.

2. Cut out the pictures from the application and paste them into the windows of the diagrams. Make diagrams with names within the framework.

Answer: Squirrels and mice feed on nuts. Rowan - thrush.

3. Give your example of invisible threads in the autumn forest and depict it in the form of a diagram.

Example: a squirrel (eats the seeds of cones) and a woodpecker (eats insects living in the bark, thereby healing the tree) feed on a pine tree.

4. Look at the photographs. Tell us (orally) what invisible threads in the autumn forest they remind you of.

Nuts are reminiscent of squirrels and mice. Acorns - squirrel, jay, mouse. Rowan - thrush.

pp. 62-63. Autumn work.

1. List what people do in the fall in the house, garden, or vegetable garden.

In the house: they insulate the windows, store firewood and coal for the winter, prepare stoves and heating boilers, make seams for the winter.

In the garden: harvesting from trees, protecting tree trunks from rodents and frost, burning fallen leaves

In the garden: vegetables are collected, sent to the cellar for storage, and the beds are dug up.

2. Select and paste a photo autumn work in your family.

Photo for pasting:

Think and write down what qualities are needed to do such a job.

Answer: love of the land, hard work, ability to work with a shovel, hoe, rake, patience, strength.

Page 64-65. Be healthy.

1. Draw what games you like to play in summer and autumn. Instead of drawings, you can paste photographs.

Summer and autumn games: catch-up, tag, hide-and-seek, football, dodgeball, kondal, badminton, for girls - rubber band, hopscotch.

2. Think and write down what qualities are developed in the games you like to play in the summer and autumn.

Answer: agility, strength, ingenuity, courage, attentiveness, perseverance.

3. Ask the elders in the family to tell about one of the backgammon games in your region. Describe the game together. Give it a name...

GAME “Tall Oak”

Our grandparents played this game in Rus'; its name has been preserved since the 50s of the last century. To play you need one ball. From 4 to 30 (or more) children play.

Everyone stands in a circle. There is one person with a ball inside the circle. He throws the ball high above himself and shouts the name of one of the players, for example: “Lyuba!” All the children (including the one who threw the ball) scatter in all directions. Lyuba must pick up the ball and throw it at one of the guys. Whoever gets hit throws the ball next.

They play until they get bored.

What qualities does this game develop: reaction speed, accuracy, running speed, agility.

pp. 66-69. Nature conservation in autumn.

3. We met these plants and animals from the Red Book of Russia in 1st grade. Remember their names. Write the numbers in the circles.

4. And here are a few more representatives of the Red Book of Russia. Use your textbook to color them and label them.

Ram mushroom, water chestnut, tangerine.

5. Write a story about one of the representatives of the Red Book of Russia, living in your region.

Example: Atlantic walrus. The habitat of this rare species is the Barents and Kara Seas. An adult walrus can reach a length of 4 meters, and the weight of an Atlantic walrus can be about one and a half tons. This species of walrus was almost completely exterminated. Today, thanks to the efforts of specialists, a slight increase in the population is recorded, although their exact number is still impossible to determine, since without special equipment it is extremely difficult to get to the rookery of these animals.

Page 70. Autumn walk.

Photo for pasting:

Statistics:

Already using this solution 10547 Human. Use it every day too! It's very easy to do: Click CTRL + D on the keyboard and our workbook is in your bookmarks!

Discussion!

Homework according to GDZ: The world around us, grade 2 (Pleshakov A.A.). Have questions? Write in the comments on the right!

Video solver

PART 1
Dear second graders!
Where we live
Home country

City and village

Nature and the man-made world

Nature
Inanimate and living nature

Natural phenomena

What is weather

On a visit to autumn

starry sky

Let's look into the Earth's storerooms

About the air...

...And about water

What types of plants are there?

What types of animals are there?

Invisible threads

Wild and cultivated plants

Wild and domestic animals

Houseplants

Animals of the living corner

About cats and dogs

Red Book

Be nature's friend!

City and village life
What is economics

What is it made from?

How to build a house

What kind of transport is there?

Culture and education

All professions are important

On a visit to winter

PART 2
Health and Safety
The structure of the human body

If you want to be healthy

Watch out for the car!

Home Hazards

On the water and in the forest

Dangerous Strangers

Communication
Our friendly family

Rules of politeness

You and your friends

We are spectators and passengers

Trips
Look around

Location orientation

Shapes of the earth's surface

Water wealth

On a visit to spring

Russia on the map

Travel around Moscow

Moscow Kremlin

City on the Neva

Traveling the planet

Travel across continents

Countries of the world

Summer is ahead

The surrounding world is a subject that studies everything living and non-living on our planet. This discipline helps children learn the features of the outside world and their environment. The Ministry of Education is very responsible in choosing textbooks for their students, so in the second year of study they use the textbook “The World Around us. 2nd grade.”, authored by A.A. Pleshakov.
If you are looking for this textbook, you will find it on our website, as well as the answers to it.
With us, you can always check whether your child’s homework is written correctly, and your children will always be able to find hints in this GDZ.
Why our solution book?
On our website, all GDZ are presented online, which makes working with them very easy. Everything you need to check homework- Internet. Our resource is absolutely free and has answers to all tasks in the textbook, including the workbook in two parts.
We offer you not just answers to questions, but also analysis of even the simplest task. This allows your child to consolidate knowledge and be confident in their answers. In the workbook you can find the names of various flowers and animals, as well as useful minerals and minerals. Descriptions of all kinds of rocks and flora. It is shown where and why you need to stick a certain card and the connection between the description and the subject of the study is explained. In addition, there is helpful information about the history of large cities in Russia and abroad, which is not only interesting to know, but also useful.
Of course, knowledge of the world around us requires some effort from our children, but thanks to our GDZ, the child will no longer have to dig through the woods in vain, collecting the wrong ingredients for research, since we have given absolutely all descriptions of the elements of the outside world, which helps the child to better navigate the environment, and allows parents to be confident in the correct development of the child in the classroom.
Our site is an excellent choice for those who care about how their children learn.