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Our system is du and ppa. Technical assignment: Carrying out repair work on the PPA control system at the address: Varshavskoe highway. k.2 Regulations and regulations

Starting this year, the names of two new housing services appeared on rent receipts. The first service is designated by the abbreviation “TO VDGO” and stands for maintenance of in-house gas equipment. Second new housing service, encrypted with the letter combination "TO PPA" - this is the maintenance of fire automatic systems. Why is this service needed and what kind of equipment is it?

The higher the house, the more difficult it is to quickly leave it in the event of a fire. Therefore, for high-rise buildings there are additional requirements against fire safety, including technical means of smoke protection. Residential and residential buildings are equipped with automatic fire extinguishing systems. public buildings 10 floors or more in height. Smoke protection is an element of automatic fire protection system. This system should ensure the unhindered evacuation of people, protect them from smoke and toxic combustion products, and also automatically detect the source of a fire, extract smoke from the building, extinguish the fire, etc.

Features of operation of the automated system fire protection is that in normal conditions it does not perform any technological functions, but must be in a state of constant readiness, since people’s lives depend on its serviceability. However, not all PPA systems are in good condition; in many houses, in addition to maintenance, restoration repairs are required. For 10-15 years, this area was virtually not funded.

The PPA system is included in common property in an apartment building, the proper maintenance of which is ensured by the owners of the premises by concluding a management agreement (in the absence of concluded management agreements, the functions are carried out by municipal structures), or Housing cooperative, or HOA. The controlling body is the state fire inspectorate. If violations are detected, deadlines for their elimination are established, and if the instructions are ignored, a fine is imposed.

To ensure reliable operation of the entire automation complex, proper organization is necessary Maintenance scheduled maintenance, including: weekly maintenance, monthly Maintenance, annual scheduled maintenance and major repairs performed every eight years.

An agreement with specialized enterprises is concluded either management organization, or HOA , Housing cooperative, or themselves homeowners. In particular, for municipal houses in Samara - district committees for Housing and communal services. The cost of maintaining fire automatic systems in Samara depends on the type of building and varies depending on the number of floors - from 24 to 43 kopecks per square meter of total living space per month.

Source: http://www.gkh-reforma.ru/

DU and PPA- this is a system D ymo U pressure And P rotivo P fire department A automatics. In the event of a fire in an apartment building, smoke detectors and high temperature sensors installed in apartments, hallways, and staircases must immediately detect this fact. Next, the gates above the windows of the elevator halls should automatically open and huge blower fans should turn on, blowing smoke out of the residents' escape routes - fire escapes. Should also open exhaust vents in the burning floor hall, and in the attic turn on exhaust fans, sucking the smoke out of this hall. At this time, both elevators should automatically descend to the first floor, open the doors and lock. Fire hydrants on the floors must be supplied with water. Our neighbors at this time had just started dialing the number on their phones 01 ... That's how it should be.

What about in our house? In the photo you can see that everything seems to be there, large blades, gates, cabinets... All this was never turned on. The closets were looted in the 90s, the gates were nailed shut to prevent them from flapping in the wind, the sensors in the apartments were torn out. Nothing has ever worked and nothing can work in principle. Nevertheless, both REU and DEZ, having managed our house for 15 years, regularly collected money from the population and received money from the budget for the operation and maintenance of the remote control and PPA system, although there was nothing to maintain. The housing inspectorate, inspecting the house, regularly recognized the condition of the control system and PPA as satisfactory.

Having switched to self-government, the housing cooperative refused to enter into an agreement for servicing the control system and PSA system, the Board sent letters to various authorities, we even almost joined the city program to restore the control system and PSA, but the crisis broke out and everything calmed down.

Then various authorities wanted to shift responsibility to the population. The housing cooperative board received an order from the prosecutor's office to immediately restore everything. However, the wise General Meeting of housing cooperatives obliged the Board not to collect money for the restoration of the already once paid for remote control and PSA system. Who can force the owner to pay for what he does not want to pay for?

In 2011, a favorable situation arose, the Moscow Government issued a decree of April 12, 2011 N 126-PP ON THE PROCEDURE FOR PROVIDING SUBSIDIES FOR CAPITAL REPAIRS OF COMMON PROPERTY OF OWNERS OF PREMISES IN MULTIPLE BUILDINGS IN 2011. In accordance with it, the housing cooperative contributes 5% of the cost of work, 95% is contributed from the budget, and with these funds, under the strict control of the owner and the state, the management system and PSA must take the proper form. All this will cost almost 5.5 million rubles!!! Time will show.

In May 2011, we flew like plywood over the Moscow government building. All the efforts, the piles of papers, everything turned out to be in vain. You cannot give government money to the owner. There is a worthy use for them.

Whatever happens, everything is for the better! After all, elections are just around the corner. We were included in the 2011 plan for the restoration of remote control and PPA. In a couple of months of intensive work, the brave craftsmen painted the old fans, hung new drawers, installed new buttons, installed 3 smoke detectors on each floor and more beautiful buttons in boxes. And the system works with hurricane force.

For the “writers of our backyard” I’ll clarify. When restoring the management system and PSA, the managers of housing cooperatives and homeowners associations did not take any part in financing, acceptance and other actions related to this. Signatures and seals on behalf of the housing cooperative-homeowners association were not affixed anywhere, and not a single ruble was withdrawn from the housing cooperative-homeowners association's current account. Just a gift from the city.

Starting this year, the names of two new housing services appeared on rent receipts. The first service is designated by the abbreviation “TO VDGO” and stands for maintenance of in-house gas equipment. The second new housing service, encrypted with the letter combination “TO PPA”, is the maintenance of fire automatic systems. Why is this service needed and what kind of equipment is it?

Today buildings are being built higher and higher. And the higher the house, the more floors it has, the more difficult it is to leave it in the event of a fire. Additional requirements apply to such buildings fire safety. Technical means of smoke protection are of primary importance for the fire safety of high-rise buildings. Smoke protection is an element of an automatic fire protection system. It must ensure the unhindered movement of people while they are evacuating the building in case of fire, and protect them from inhaling smoke and toxic combustion products.

Residential and public buildings with a height of 10 floors or more are equipped with automatic fire protection systems. They are designed to automatically detect the occurrence of a fire, forcibly remove smoke from the building, extinguish the fire and ensure the safe evacuation of people from the building in case of fire.

The main elements of an automatic fire protection system are:

— fire detection device (automatic fire sensors are installed on the ceiling of staircases of residential buildings);

— device for manual and automatic control of the system;

— equipment for smoke protection of buildings (consists of a special exhaust shaft, in the upper zone of which an exhaust fan is installed; on each floor of the building, the exhaust shaft communicates with the staircases through a smoke removal valve equipped with an electric drive; a supply fan is provided to create the necessary air pressure);

— equipment for internal fire water supply lines.

How do fire automatics work?

In the event of a fire, the corresponding sensor is activated. At the same time, the smoke damper of the floor where the fire occurred automatically opens; The exhaust and booster fans are switched on. Smoke penetrating from the apartment into the corridor is forcibly removed outside through the exhaust shaft. With the help of a fan, backwater is created overpressure air in the elevator shaft, preventing smoke from penetrating to other floors of the building. It becomes easier to breathe, and people see escape routes from the building. How important this is in a fire, when every second counts to save a life, needless to say.

The peculiarity of operating an automated fire protection system is that under normal conditions it does not perform any technological functions, but must always be in a state of constant readiness, since people’s lives depend on its serviceability.

However, not all PPA systems are in good condition; in many houses, in addition to maintenance, restoration repairs are required. For 10-15 years, this area was virtually not funded, so one can imagine what time, and most importantly people, could do with this equipment. It's like health: while you have it, you don't take care of it.

The PPA system is part of the common property in an apartment building, the proper maintenance of which is ensured by the owners of the premises by concluding a management agreement (in the absence of concluded management agreements, the functions are carried out by municipal structures), or by a housing construction cooperative (HCC) or a homeowners' association (HOA). The controlling body is the state fire inspectorate. If violations are detected, an order is issued to eliminate them, and a time frame is set - usually from 4 to 12 months. If violations are not eliminated within the allotted time, a fine is imposed: on officials - from 10 to 20 times the minimum wage, on legal entities- from 100 to 200 minimum labor rates.

To ensure reliable operation of the entire complex of automated fire protection systems, proper organization of maintenance and preventive maintenance is necessary.

Scheduled preventive maintenance is a set of organizational and technical measures for supervision, maintenance and all types of repairs that are carried out periodically according to a pre-drawn up plan. Thanks to these measures, premature wear of equipment is prevented, accidents are eliminated and prevented, and fire protection systems are maintained in constant operational readiness.

The preventive maintenance system includes the following types technical repair and services:

- weekly maintenance,

- monthly maintenance,

— annual scheduled maintenance,

— major renovation, performed once every 8 years.

All work must be performed by specialized enterprises that have licenses for this type of work. The contract with them is concluded either by the management organization, or by the HOA, housing cooperative, or by the homeowners themselves (if direct management apartment building). In particular, for municipal houses in Samara - committees for housing and communal services and services to the population of district administrations. The cost of maintenance of fire automatic systems depends on the type of building and ranges, in particular in Samara - from 24 to 43 kopecks per square meter of total living space per month, depending on the number of floors.

According to the Department of Information Policy and Interaction with Civil Society Institutions of the Government of the Samara Region

Requirements to technical specifications works, goods (hereinafter referred to as material) and functional characteristics ( consumer properties) goods and other indicators. Organize an automatic fire alarm system (AFS), which ensures early detection of fire in residential premises, corridors, and elevator halls.

The alarm system must generate targeted control signals to turn on warning systems and control the evacuation of people; smoke removal systems and other engineering systems. The information capacity of the fire control panel (FPKP) is at least three hundred eighty-four addressable devices; PPKP must unite at least one hundred and twenty-eight address groups (objects); operating temperature range is not higher than minus twenty degrees Celsius and not lower than plus fifty degrees Celsius. Common areas, garbage chambers, concierge rooms and electrical control rooms must be protected by optical-electronic fire detectors with a self-testing function. The detector must provide an indication of the current state: “NORMAL”, “ATTENTION/FIRE”, “FAULT”, “DUST”, the ability to connect a remote indicator (when placing detectors in vast places. A fire detector with a controlled area of at least eighty-five square meters must be used ; response inertia is less than five seconds. Operating range is not higher than minus ten degrees Celsius and not lower than plus seventy degrees Celsius, service life is more than ten years; the sensitivity of the detector is not less than zero point five and not more than zero point two dB/m. rooms) must be equipped with autonomous fire detectors; the volume level of the “fire” sound signal at a distance of one meter from the detector is more than ninety-eight dB; the operating temperature range is not higher than minus ten degrees Celsius and not lower than plus fifty-five degrees Celsius; sensitivity to smoke is not less; zero point five and no more than zero point two dB/m, powered by AA batteries, in apartments and on escape routes, in fire hydrant boxes manual fire call points must be installed, providing the ability to connect via a two-wire loop, operating temperature range not higher than minus forty degrees Celsius and not lower than plus seventy degrees Celsius, the force to turn on the button is not less than thirteen point five N and not more than sixteen point five N; supply voltage nine to twenty-eight V, current consumption in standby mode no more than one hundred μA;

In the hallways of apartments, install thermal fire detectors with a nominal operating temperature of no lower than fifty-four degrees Celsius and no higher than sixty-five degrees Celsius, an operating range of no lower than – 50 0С and no higher than +50 0С, operating time of the detectors no less than two hundred thousand hours, maximum the number of operations is at least one hundred times (at a voltage of 24V and a current of up to 5A).

Install light and sound alarms "fire" voltage on the ground floor of the residential part direct current ten to forty volts; current consumption at the “light” output is less than twenty milliamps; current consumption at the “sound” output is less than twenty milliamps, operating temperature range is not higher than minus forty degrees Celsius and not lower than plus fifty degrees Celsius. On the remaining residential floors, sound sirens must be installed with a direct current voltage of twelve V, sound pressure at a distance of one meter of at least one hundred and three dB, current consumption: ninety mA. Detectors intended for fire protection of a building are installed in premises in accordance with clause 14.1 according to table 13.3-13.6 SP. 1313.2009

The distance from the wall of the room to the smoke detector with a room height of up to three point five meters should not be more than two point twenty five meters, the distance between smoke detectors is less than four point five meters, install heat fire detectors in the hallways of apartments, install no closer than zero as much as one tenth of a meter from the wall separating the apartment from the non-apartment corridor, but no further than zero point two meters from the same wall.

Installation of the APS must be done in the following sequence:

- checking for the presence of embedded devices, holes for the through passage of wires

- mark the routes

- carry out fastening of boxes, cable channels and PVC pipes - degree of protection IP 40; climatic modification UHP placement category 4 according to GOST 15150 and GOST 15543; installation and operation temperature is not higher than minus ten degrees Celsius and not lower than plus seventy degrees Celsius, impact strength at minus five degrees Celsius is more than sixty-two J; electrical insulation strength and electrical insulation resistance of the cable trunking system: at n. u. operation complies with GOST IEC 61084 (subsection 12.3)

-install wires

The cable for laying the information line must withstand: voltage up to three hundred V; alternating current fifty Hz operability when exposed to flame for at least one hundred and eighty minutes; operating temperature range is not higher than minus forty degrees Celsius and not lower than plus seventy degrees Celsius. The minimum bending radius is ten cable diameters; service life is more than twenty years.

The PPKP power cable should be made of a three-core fire-resistant copper cable with a winding of two mica-containing tapes. Insulation is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic of reduced fire hazard. The insulated cores of multicore cables have a distinctive color. Insulation of neutral conductors is carried out blue color. The insulation of the grounding conductors is made in two colors (green-yellow); inner shell - made of PVC plastic reduced fire hazard; a screen in the form of a winding of copper foil or copper tape with a nominal thickness of at least zero point one millimeter with an overlap of at least thirty percent; outer shell made of polyvinyl chloride plastic of reduced fire hazard. The warranty period is at least five years. Type of climatic modification B, placement category five according to GOST 15150.89 operating temperature range no higher than minus fifty degrees Celsius and no lower than plus fifty degrees Celsius, laying without preheating at a temperature not lower than minus fifteen degrees Celsius minimum bending radius when laying:

Single-core cable – ten outer diameters

Multi-core cable - seven point five outer diameters,

The permissible heating temperature of the cores at K3 is no more than two hundred and fifty degrees Celsius;

The duration of K3 should not be more than four seconds, the permissible heating temperature in reboot mode is no more than ninety degrees Celsius, the permissible heating temperature of the cable cores is more than one hundred and eighty minutes. Service life is more than thirty years.

Loop cable fire alarm lay the cable resistant to bending (operating temperature range is not higher than minus forty degrees Celsius and not lower than plus sixty degrees Celsius, the cable must withstand for one minute AC voltage between the conductors five hundred volts with a frequency of 50 Hz applied between the conductors.

- install detectors(smoke outlets should be covered with dust bags during installation work)

- install control panels and power supply

- connect the alarm loop one by one (when a “fault” signal appears on control panel eliminate the corresponding faults.

- carry out individual tests of the devices, turn on all detectors one by one via AL.

- check the operation of the output relays

- check the functionality of all managed devices.

- switch external control cables

- bring all installations into operating modes

- carry out comprehensive testing of installations

The device is powered through intermediate uninterruptible power supply units,

carry out according to the first category of power supply reliability (after ATS). Device power supply circuit, ~220V. - install from the automatic transfer switch via a separate circuit breaker.

When switching to the “FIRE” mode, the alarm system must carry out an automatic impulse to turn on the smoke removal system, therefore, when performing a set of works to modernize the systems, it is necessary to perform:

- installation of smoke exhaust valves (SDV) in the corridors of each floor. The control valves must open automatically, based on fire alarm signals, remotely from the control panel, from a button at the valve installation site and from a lever on the electromagnet core, closed manually or remotely from the control panel, the mechanism for opening/closing the dampers is a torsion spring (mechanism with a flat spiral spring ) the principle of operation of the drive is the supply of voltage to the electromagnet.

Should be installed booster motor fans with a capacity of forty-nine - seventy-four - one hundred three m3/h and a total pressure of three hundred four - two hundred fifty-five Pa; weighing no more than two hundred and ten kilograms including the frame; the total sound power level of one fan is not more than one hundred and nine dB. With the installation of a control cabinet for controlling two identical asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel-cage rotor without the possibility of reverse, with switching to automatic mode, with automatic switch for each Feeder.

The box's current rating is eight amperes; limit current adjustment of the thermal relay is 5.5-8 amperes. Protection degree IP 31.

- installation of a fan and exhaust motor with a capacity of 8.6-17.5 - p103 m3/h and a total pressure of more than 265 Pa. Explosion-proof heat-resistant design made of dissimilar metals, for removing smoke-air mixtures formed during a fire with a temperature of at least four hundred degrees Celsius for one hundred and twenty minutes and at least six hundred degrees Celsius for ninety minutes.

DU and PPA- this is a system D ymo U pressure And P rotivo P fire department A automatics. In the event of a fire in an apartment building, smoke detectors and high temperature sensors installed in apartments, hallways, and staircases must immediately detect this fact. Next, the gates above the windows of the elevator halls should automatically open and huge blower fans should turn on, blowing smoke out of the residents' escape routes - fire escapes. The exhaust vents in the burning floor hall should also open, and the exhaust fans in the attic should turn on, sucking smoke from this hall. At this time, both elevators should automatically descend to the first floor, open the doors and lock. Fire hydrants on the floors must be supplied with water. Our neighbors at this time had just started dialing the number on their phones 01 ... That's how it should be.