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Connecting an infrared motion sensor for lighting. How to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb via a switch. Household motion sensors

A small motion detector device is ideal for security protection and light signaling in cases of unwanted intrusion. private territory. And it is also great for energy saving modes, when the light will turn on when the residents of the house approach, but the most attractive quality of such a system is the ability for the user to independently assemble the circuit. The detector can be connected to any type of lamp, including decorative ones, to a new network or an existing one. Before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb, you need to familiarize yourself with the installation procedure.

Installing a motion detector for lighting

Despite the fact that the sensor design is a little more complicated than many household electrical elements, even a beginner can cope with this task by following the installation diagrams. They are usually indicated in the technical documentation for the device. If these options are not suitable, and the buyer is not familiar with electrical engineering, then it would be safer to invite a specialist to install it. Before you connect the motion sensor to the light bulb, you need to understand the wiring. This part may be the most difficult part of this project.

In some situations, it may be necessary to run wires through existing walls. But in many cases, this project is not difficult when the user has open doses left over from building or renovating in-house electrical systems. If new wiring cannot be done, it is advisable to choose sensors with similar parameters, but which are installed with minimal installation or without it at all.

Sensor selection

There are motion sensors available in stores (about $20/RUR 1,250) that are mounted on floodlights, but you can attach them to a mounting plate and use them as a remote control.

Before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb, you need to do right choice devices, take into account the power ratings of the lamp that it will control. This value must be no less than the total power of all connected lamps. For example, if a customer has two fixtures, each rated for a 100-watt bulb, the sensor must have a wattage rating of at least 200 watts. Most devices sold in stores are rated at 300 W, the parameter is indicated on the packaging and on the sensor itself.

Energy-efficient compact fluorescent (CF) light bulbs designed for outdoor use are becoming increasingly popular and cost-effective. Unfortunately, most motion sensors are not CF compatible, as stated on the packaging. If the wattage data says "incandescent" but does not mention "fluorescent", then the sensor will not process CF.

Some outdoor lights have a built-in sensor. These decorative lamps work like motion detectors, but are more stylish and only take a few minutes to install. They are not designed to control other lights in the home and come in a limited range of styles. In shopping centers, a buyer can find no more than 3-4 models of this type. Prices start at approximately $35 (RUB 2,199). But it’s worth it, with such a device you don’t have to worry about how to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb via a switch.

They work like a remote control remote control, sends a radio signal to the receiver, which turns on the light. No wiring is required to control existing lamps. You just need to screw the receiver into the light socket and install the sensor where necessary. However, there are some limitations to this system. The sensor requires batteries, which will have to be replaced every few months. In rare cases, a radio signal may not reach the receiver due to interference or blocking. A kit containing a sensor and two receivers costs about $50/3,140 rubles.

The sensor, like every lamp, requires electrical boxes installed in the wall. Choosing a location for a motion sensor is not difficult; you need to check the manufacturer's instructions and place it where it can “see” visitors or intruders as they approach the security site. Typically, the sensor detects motion best when placed 2 to 3 meters above ground level.

Tools that must be purchased before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb via the DD IK 501 switch:

4-in-1 screwdriver.
Corded drill.
Set of drills.
Extension.
Voltage tester.
Safety glasses.
Ladder.
Wire puller/cutter.
Hammer and chisel if junction boxes are installed in brickwork or plaster.
Cable 14-2.
Distribution boxes.

Before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb, you may need a 14-3 cable, depending on the power supply circuit of the object. It is installed on a round or rectangular box. Avoid placing it directly on the lamp mount. Before installation, first drill a series of holes around the perimeter of the plaster and knock it down using a chisel.

Connection diagrams

Before running the electrical cable into the junction box, it is necessary to determine how the system will be turned on, and you need to choose a method that will simplify the installation of the cable. Before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb via the DDT 02 switch, select the connection options:

The sensor is installed next to the switch.
The light fixture is closer to the device.
Using a switch that can cut off power to the sensor and lights.
The sensor is installed between the switch and the lamp.

After selecting the circuit and preparing the holes, you need to run the cable to the boxes and attach it to the frame using plastic brackets. Connect the sensor and devices as shown in the wiring diagrams in the technical documentation for it.

When everything is installed, you can turn on the sensor and instruments.

How to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb with a switch (see photo above).

If the user is connecting to existing wires, the old exposed ends must be disconnected and the insulation removed to expose the connection area.

You need to be careful when doing this. Turn off the power at the main breaker panel before removing the electrical box cover, then check the wires inside with a tester to make sure there is no power. After all connections are completed, turn on the power and set the sensor to “test” mode to ensure that the system is working correctly and, if necessary, adjust it.

Passive infrared sensor

If the buyer purchased lamps that do not have a sensor connected, there is no need to worry. You can connect it to existing outdoor lighting networks. This is easy to do; you can add a motion sensor without installing wiring. For this purpose, there are light bulbs equipped with a built-in passive infrared sensor. They can detect anything that emits heat, which the sensor then detects infrared radiation PIR. Once the person falls within the preset range, the light will be turned on.

If it seems the best solution For the user, experts recommend one of the three bulbs below:

QPAU E27 7W 14. LED lamp with PIR motion sensor, E27. Uses a combined method: motion sensor + SmartPhone control + camera. For those who do not have a security camera in their home, this is one of the best and easiest options to install. Toucan comes with two parts: motion detection cameras and a USB power adapter. The latter is attached to the outdoor lighting socket, like a light bulb. It draws power from the base and is able to keep the camera charged and ready to go. The system is full version home security camera and includes HD real-time video, two-way communication, 100dBA siren, 2-hour cloud storage, IP44 weather resistance, instant notifications to mobile devices. It can be installed in just 15 minutes. This is a smart light and can be controlled from anywhere via Wi-Fi using the included mobile app. You can purchase this device for $199 (RUB 12,500).
The other method is surprisingly simple and very similar to the Kuna Toucan or installing a PIR light bulb. These devices, which are different forms and sizes, work on the same principle. They allow you to turn on a light and a light bulb by adding a Defiant Indoor 120 Degree Motion Sensing Socket. It's very similar to the USB power adapter that comes with the Kuna Toucan, but without the security camera device. Installation is simple, unscrew the bulb, connect the sensor, and then screw it back on.
LUXON Motion Sensor Light Socket Adapter. Many PIR sockets are designed for indoor use only. For example, Defiant is displayed as internal organization. However, most users tend to install it outdoors, and the selling company claims that it has outdoor potential.

Modernization of existing lighting

To modernize your home lighting system and make it smart, you will need an appropriate switch. Before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb via the PS SS22N180 switch, you should perform the following steps:

Purchase an outdoor kit.
Disconnect power from the lighting line at the installation site and check the disconnection with a tester.
Remove the insert where you want to install the motion detector, after the PS SS22N180 switch.
Run the wire into the fastener and secure the motion detector in front of the lamp.
Connect a wire from the switch to the motion detector, another to the wire to the lamp and connect the neutral wires together.

Before launching any detector, configure it. For example, you need to adjust the sensitivity before connecting the motion sensor to the light bulb via the SEN14 switch. Technical data of the device:

Model number is SEN14.
Voltage: 110/130 V, 220/240 V.
Frequency: 50/60 Hz.
Load: max. 900 W at 110 V, 1100 W at 220 V.
Target acquisition distance: 5/8 m.
Adjustable time delay: 10 seconds to 7 minutes (adjustable).
Lighting control: 3-2000 LUX (adjustable).
Detection speed: 0.6/1.5 m/s.
Distance: 10 m.
Size: 90 *140 mm.

Built-in device with LED lamp

This project is a Smart Light adapter that is designed to create smart device based on conventional, CFL or LED lamp and PIR sensor. They are usually located high, so you need to think about how to connect the motion sensor to the light bulb on the stairs. The end result will be a light bulb that turns on based on movement within the PIR range.

The sensor is mounted in such a way that its angular position can be adjusted. The initial position of the staff holder does not affect the perception of human passage. This is achieved by using a 3.5mm stereo jack and jack.

The PIR sensor detects the movement of people and provides an output signal. It operates in two modes, which are selected by a jumper installed on back side printed circuit board sensor If it is not within reach with an input voltage of 12 V, an LM 7805 regulator for the touch part is used.

Normal mode: When the sensor detects motion, it sets the output to High in time and resets the output to Low, regardless of the movements during the output HIGH. This is a one-time launch mode.

Re-trigger mode: When the sensor detects motion, sets an alarm and resets the output to Low. When the High state exits, it starts the timer again from scratch.

Before connecting a motion sensor to a light bulb via a switch, you must secure the device well. Fastening:

Open the adapter and measure the diameter of the threaded part.
On the bottom of the cabinet draw a square, the length of which is equal to the obtained parameter.
Trim the corner pieces of the square and cut them out to fit the adapter.
Placement should be determined strictly according to the volume available in the case after installing the AC/DC adapter.

The adapter must be positioned so that the contact pins are parallel to the housing wall. It is recommended to use special adhesive for fixation. Used LED Strip Light Comes with double sided adhesive tape.

Procedure:

Attach the module to the top cover of the junction box.
Make sure the screw holes are not blocked and make a hole on one of the side walls of the box to insert the LED input terminals.
The number of LEDs can vary as per requirement, limiting the current rated at 1Amp.
The type of LED depends on the user's taste, but the voltage should be 12V.
Make a hole in the side of the case, fairly round, to insert the socket.
Screw in the connector.
Measure the diameter of the Fresnel lens (part white).
Place the sensor inside the housing so that the lens comes out of it, after making the hole large enough for insertion.
Make a hole for the 3.5 mm socket and insert it before soldering the wires.
Place the SMPS and PCB and glue them using glue and gun.
Solder the 3.5 mm socket to the sensor in accordance with the diagram and close the case.
Connect the adapter.
Close the box with the lid on which the LED strip is attached.
The sensor can rotate 360 degrees continuously, since part of it is installed through a stereo connector.
This allows the device to be adjusted according to the direction of movement of the person.

Connection according to the phase-to-break scheme

Before connecting a motion sensor to a light bulb using a switch, you need to determine the lighting switch circuit and turn off the power.

Check the wire, remove the commutator and examine the wires with a tester to be absolutely sure there is no voltage. With the power off, remove the screws. If the switch has three wires: red, blue and green, they will be connected to the new motion sensor switch as follows:

Installation procedure:

Disconnect the wires from the old switch.
Separate the wires.
Connect the wire to the new switch. Install the connected motion sensor into the switch box.
Secure the switch using the supplied mounting screws.
Set up controls.

Motion sensors are key to preventing unwanted guests from entering. If you already have an outdoor camera installed, great! But if there is not enough illumination, then it will not protect the house in the dark. A motion-activated light can act as a burglary deterrent, but it can also support outdoor cameras.

You can, of course, simply leave outdoor lights on all night, especially when no one is home, but this costs money: a 150-watt street light running 8 hours every day will cost about $52 per year. Not to mention the fact that each consumer must make his own contribution to energy saving and protection environment from light pollution.

Before connecting a motion sensor to a light bulb with a switch, you must:

Turn off power.
Identify the light switch circuit and disconnect the power.
As an additional precaution, place a "Do Not Switch" sign on the outside of the circuit block to prevent someone from unwittingly turning on power to the circuit during operation.
Check the voltage disconnection with a tester; with the power off, remove the screws holding the old switch.
Connect the sensor according to the wiring diagram specified by the manufacturer and check the functionality of the system.

You need to pay attention to the setting elements and adjust the sensitivity and activation time of the light. The switch adjusts the bottom adjustment so that the light comes on when someone enters the room and sets a time delay so that the light remains on for a few seconds after everyone has left the room.

For convenient control of the lighting system, special infrared sensors are used that connect one or more light bulbs in response to the movement of an object in the visibility zone.

Let's look at how to connect one or several motion sensors to a household power supply.

We will find out what the main stages of the installation procedure are, what steps need to be taken to set it up, adjust, check and start it up, as well as what problems may arise and what are the ways to solve them.

Connecting a motion sensor to a lamp is no more difficult than regular switch. It works on the same operating principle. The only difference is that the switch must be constantly turned on and off - the sensor operates independently. He connects the chain as soon as he sees the movement of an object in his line of sight, and also disconnects it as soon as it stops.

Alternatively, you can install parallel to the sensor standard switch. It will simply supply the phase to the chandelier via a separate wire, regardless of whether there is movement in the range of the device or not. The displacement sensor is used in this circuit when the switch is in the “off” position. On the other hand, the latter allows you to connect a lamp regardless of whether the detector is functioning or not.

To correctly connect the motion sensor, you must follow the following installation rules:

The visibility zone should not contain any extraneous areas located outside the illuminated room. For example, the sensor should not detect some objects on the street, heat or light emitters in the apartment itself, as well as vegetation and other objects outside the window driven by the wind.
The working surface of the sensor must be clean, uncontaminated and free of dust. Otherwise, its range of action may be significantly reduced.
The sensor must be installed so that its direct action area is directed to that part of the space where movement is most likely.
The device should not be exposed to strong electromagnetic influences.

Advice! The optimal location for a motion sensor in a room is a corner. This fact is confirmed by technical data on the spatial geometry of the opening of its coverage area.

Connection diagrams

The question of how to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb can be solved in several ways:

Let's look at the details of these circuits and how to connect them, as well as their features, pros and cons.

Connecting one device in a circuit

Most simple circuit How to connect a motion sensor to a lamp in a network without a switch looks like this:

The base of the motion sensor is mounted at the selected location.
A three-wire wire (phase, neutral and load) is connected to it; if the system uses grounding, then a four-wire wire (one end for ground).
The wires at the base of the device are connected and lead to a junction box. In order not to be mistaken about which conductor is located, you need to use a cable with multi-colored cores.
The sensor is powered by phase and zero, the third wire (phase - broken and connected depending on the presence or absence of movement) is connected to the lamp. The latter is also connected separately to a zero.
Seven conductors should approach the distribution box - three from the motion sensor, two from the chandelier and two more (phase + zero) from the supply electrical panel.
Next, you need to connect all the wires correctly: the phase from the electrical panel is connected to a similar core of the sensor, the zero from the power supply must be connected with the zero for the sensor and the zero for the lamp, then the two remaining conductors are combined - coming from the sensor (load) and from the lamp (which will periodically supply phase to the light bulb when the motion detector is triggered).
Final work is being carried out - the covers of the devices and junction boxes are closed, the correctness and reliability of the connection of all contacts is checked.
Finally, you need to connect the network (before starting work, the switch on the electrical panel must be turned off!) and check whether the sensor is triggered by movement.

Read also Characteristics of types and types of LEDs

Connecting such a motion sensor is quite simple and easy. However, its main disadvantage is the fact that the light in the room will only turn on when the sensor detects motion, which is not always convenient. Therefore, there is another alternative scheme for connecting the detector - with a parallel switch.

Connection via switch

The above-described drawback in the circuit with a motion sensor can be eliminated if a regular household switch is connected to the network. With its help, two options will be used to turn on the light. This is convenient, for example, when the majority of household members are awake and continuous lighting is required in the hallway or on the stairs connecting the first and second floors of the house, and at night - periodic lighting, triggered when a movement detector is detected.

In this case, the diagram will look like this:

Keeping the arrangement of wires described for the case above, it is necessary to connect two more wires to the distribution panel - from the switch.
One of them should be wedged into the contact where the conductor going to the lamp is connected to the “load” wire coming from the sensor.
The second wire is connected together with two others - the phase from the electrical panel and the conductor leading to the sensor.
Next, the junction box cover is closed, the power is turned on, and the circuit is checked.

This scheme allows you to connect the lamp both through a switch and through a motion sensor when the first one is in the “off” position. In terms of complexity, the work on installing devices is practically no different from the case described above (with one sensor) - only one operation is added - installation of the switch.

Connecting multiple devices in a circuit

Let's consider another, more complex case, when several motion sensors need to be connected to the circuit at once. Only a parallel circuit should be used here:

Each individual sensor is supplied with a neutral wire without interruption.
Next, the load is removed from each device and combined in one common conductor going to the lamp.
The power wire (phase) is supplied to the corresponding contacts in the device from one source. Otherwise, when connecting them to the network, a short circuit may occur!

Important! The advantage of this scheme is the ability to detect a room when it has a large area (and the sensor, as a rule, operates no further than 10-12 meters) or geometric parameters that prevent direct motion detection (corners, turns). Disadvantage - more a complex system more will be required to connect devices Supplies(wires, distribution boxes) and additional finishing and restoration work in the room.

Installation

You can connect an apartment or street motion sensor to automatically control the lighting system if you act in accordance with the following algorithm:

It is better to mount the motion sensor in the upper position. Indoors this is the top of a corner or the ceiling, outdoors it is the support of a lantern.

Setup and adjustment

It is not enough to correctly connect the sensor to the light, which works when motion is detected - it is also necessary to configure and adjust it. For this purpose, each device model, as a rule, has three functions:

According to the level of illumination. You can set a higher or lower sensitivity to the photocell. Depending on the degree of twilight, it will be triggered by movement and turn on the lamp.
By time. Turning off the lamp when the object stops moving in the detector's visibility range can also be configured. Modern devices allow you to change this parameter in a wide range - from a second to 10 minutes.
By sensitivity. This characteristic allows you to set the sensitivity of the sensor to the volume of a moving object and its distance. Thanks to it, it is possible to exclude the initiation of the sensor by the movement of pets or objects outside the illumination zone.

Initially, motion tracking systems were intended to protect territories and important objects. Motion sensors are now widely used to turn on lights. This electronic device allows you to save up to 85 percent of electricity. Let's consider the basic principles of operation of the device, its types and installation procedure.

The sensor will not only help turn on the lights, but also warn about unwanted guests

The tracking device monitors the area covered by the viewing sector. The territory is limited not only by the angle of action of the device, but also by the range of the sensor.

Note! For effective operation, the sensor is placed in a place that provides maximum visibility.

How the sensor works

The device records the level of infrared radiation. If an object with the temperature of a living creature appears in its field of responsibility, the device receives several impulses that affect the circuit and turn on the lighting. As soon as the pulses stop coming, the circuit breaks and the power goes out.

Below is a sample motion sensor circuit for lighting.

Advantages and disadvantages of using sensors

Thanks to an indoor or outdoor light sensor to turn on the light, there is no need to frantically search in pitch darkness or for keys in a bag.

Types of motion tracking devices

Motion sensors can be divided into two categories:

installation location: external and internal devices;
alarm type: ultrasonic, infrared, microwave, combined.

External sensors monitor a given perimeter and are intended mainly for large adjoining spaces and outbuildings. Their response radius reaches five hundred meters.

Related article:

Installing this device will allow you to automate lighting depending on the time of day. How does such a device work and how does it work? More details in a special publication.

Helpful information! Thanks to street motion sensors, no special alarms are required to protect the perimeter. They will work as soon as an outsider approaches the protected area. An attacker will not risk intruding into the illuminated area.

Indoor sensors are designed to work indoors. They are not resistant to sudden changes in temperature and active exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Ultrasound devices

The operating principle of such a product is based on the reflection of ultrasonic waves from the surfaces of objects. This simple process, named after the Austrian physicist Doppler, makes it possible to easily calculate moving objects by changing the frequency of the pulses. Such a sensor uses a device that generates ultrasound, inaudible to the human ear.

If any movement occurs within the range of the device, the ultrasonic waves change their frequency, which is recorded by the sensor.

Helpful information! In addition to lighting systems, such devices are widely used in automatic devices"parking sensors".

Advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic motion sensors for turning on lights.

Infrared devices

Their work is based on measuring the ambient temperature. When high-temperature objects enter the sensor's operating range, it reacts by turning on the light.

Infrared radiation human body through a complex of lenses and special mirrors it influences the sensor that brings the lighting system into operation.

Helpful information! The sensitivity of the device depends on the number of lenses; there are up to thirty pairs in one device.

Advantages and disadvantages of such devices.

pros	Minuses
Allows precise adjustment of detection angle and range	False alarm for radiation heating devices or, for example, an electric kettle
Triggers only on temperature objects, so can be used outdoors	Malfunctions when exposed to adverse weather conditions
Completely safe for humans and pets	Small adjustment range
	Transmits objects coated with materials that do not transmit IR radiation

Microwave sensors

Microwave devices act like radars. The device sends a signal and receives its reflection.

A microwave device emits a high frequency wave. The slightest deviation in the returned signal causes a chain reaction that turns on the light.

Advantages and disadvantages of microwave sensors.

Combined instruments

Combined motion sensors for turning on lights combine two or three types of sensors at once. Tracking is carried out in parallel and very accurately detects an object in the coverage area. There are no other disadvantages to such devices other than their cost. The most common sensors on sale are those that combine infrared and ultrasonic devices.

Manufacturers and prices

In motion devices, the price is directly related to the quality and performance of the device. The more expensive the device, the larger the area it can cover. Among the popular brands it is worth noting devices from the following companies:

Camelion;
Theben;
Ultralight.

The cost of sensors starts from 400 rubles and reaches several thousand. The most rated among budget models according to Yandex.market.

Model	Viewing angle, degrees	Range, meters	Average price, rubles
Camelion LX-39/Wh	180	12	558
Rev 3	180	12	590
Feron SEN30 (hand motion sensor)	30	5-8	759
PIR16A	180	12	505
IEK LDD12-029-600-001	120	9	508
Elektrostandard SNS M 02	180-360	6	512
TDM SQ0324-0014	120	12	519

Pro Tips: How to Connect a Motion Sensor for Lighting

You can install and configure the product yourself. When purchasing, you need to check the availability of instructional material and follow its advice.

Note! The tracking device must be mounted in a place where it cannot be triggered by extraneous signals.

It is important to know that the sensitive device does not like to be moved frequently, so you need to carefully consider its location.
In the room, in parallel with the sensor, you need to install a regular switch so that, if necessary, you can turn off the lighting manually.
In order to prevent accidental damage to the device, it can be recessed into the wall by cutting a corresponding hole in the drywall.

It is important to ensure that the tracking device is not exposed to sunlight, as it will disrupt the operation of the sensor.

Motion sensors for turning on lights: installation diagrams

The device can be installed in several ways:

Checking, setting and adjusting

To check the correct connection, a temporary circuit is used; you need to connect it following the instructions in the technical data sheet of the product. If the device does not work, it means that errors were made during installation.

Complex devices can be tested as follows:

assemble a temporary connection diagram;
set the light control to maximum;
set the timer to minimum.

If led indicator lights up when the object moves, the device is working. Instead of an indicator, a relay can be installed that will start clicking when motion is detected.

After installing the sensor, it must be adjusted. The timer operation time can be set from a few seconds to a quarter of an hour. Adjusting the sensitivity of the sensor is a complex process, the main task of which is to prevent the device from triggering the appearance of pets.

How to connect a motion sensor (video)

Results

Home touch sensors will allow you to significantly save on lighting. The device will turn on the light in the hallway, kitchen, bathroom, on the threshold of the house when a person appears and turn it off if there is no movement.

The cost of the simplest sensors starts from 400 rubles. You can install such sensors yourself. It is better to entrust the installation of more complex and expensive devices to professionals.

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To install a motion detector, you do not need specialized knowledge or professional experience. It is enough to understand simple electrical circuits and correctly connect the cables to each other. This article simply and clearly explains how to connect a motion sensor with your own hands, as well as recommendations for choosing a device and a solution possible problems during installation.

Connection diagrams

If you open the box at the motion sensor, you will find 3 wires inside with different markings on the terminal block: red (A - load), blue (N - zero), brown or black (L - phase). Wires are connected using terminal clamps. Connection diagrams are also described in detail in the instructions for the device or on the case.

Connecting one device in a circuit

The simplest option is to connect the detector to the lamp directly. This scheme is suitable for closed, dark, windowless rooms where more complex lighting logic is not required.

To do this, you will need a three-core wire to connect to the sensor, a screwdriver, NShVI tips and terminal blocks (two pieces for 2 contacts and 1 piece for 3 contacts).

Remove the cover of the device. Connect the three-wire wire to the block. If the colors of the wires in a three-core wire match the colors of the wires in the sensor, it is advisable to distribute them as a continuation of each other: red to red, blue to blue, etc. using NShVI tips. Close the lid.
Connect the three-wire wire to the junction box, in which you need to combine 7 wires: 2 from the lamp, 2 from the electrical panel, 3 from the motion sensor. Now you need to connect the phase (L) cables from the sensor (brown or black) and the shield (brown) together using terminal blocks. Then the neutral (N) cables from the sensor, shield and lamp (blue). And finally, the remaining two: sensor load (A) - red and lamp phase (L) - brown.
Apply power and check the functionality of the sensor.

Motion sensor connection diagrams

Connection via switch

Sometimes it is necessary to connect a switch to the circuit. This is done so that it is possible to force the light to turn on, regardless of movement in the visibility zone. This can be achieved by adding a switch with one key to the electrical circuit in parallel to the motion sensor.

For this task, in addition to NShVI lugs, a three-core wire and a screwdriver, you will need three terminal blocks with 3 contacts.

Disconnect the network and check that there is no voltage.
Connect the three-wire wire to the device block and lead it to the junction box. Also bring the cable from the switch here.
There are now 9 wires inside the junction box: 2 each from the lamp, switch and panel, plus 3 from the sensor. We connect the phase (L) cables from the sensor, electrical panel and switch (brown). Zero (N) from the sensor, electrical panel and lamp (blue). And the remaining wires: load from the sensor (A, red), neutral from the switch (N, blue) and phase from the lamp (L, brown).
Apply power and check operation.

Connecting multiple devices in a circuit

This method of connecting sensors is recommended mainly for long corridors and staircases. This is due to the small range of the sensors or the unusual layout of the room. In this case, two or more sensors are connected to one phase in parallel. If you connect to different phases, a short circuit will occur.

Turn off the power and check that there is no voltage.
Combine the phases (L, brown) at the sensors and the electrical panel. Then the load (A, red) is connected to the sensors and the phase (L, brown) to the lamp. It remains to connect the neutral cables (N, blue) between the sensors, the lamp and the electrical panel.
Turn on the power and check the operation of all devices.

Since no household motion sensor is designed for high power floodlights, you may have to connect them to the circuit via a contactor with a 220 V coil. Unlike the previous circuit, phase (L, brown) the wire goes to the contactor from the sensor and shield. And the load (A, red) of the sensor goes not to the lamp, but to the contactor coil. In this case, the lamp is controlled through the contactor and not directly.

Connection diagram to the spotlight

Video instruction

Verifying the installation

To check whether the sensor is working, you need to set the LUX parameter to maximum, and the TIME setting, on the contrary, to the very minimum. If after power supply the LED indicator lights up, it means that the load has been turned on. If the diode does not light up immediately, this does not mean that the device is faulty. You need to wait half a minute so that he has time to prepare for work. This allows you to check the device before connecting other devices, saving time on finding a place to install the sensor.

Settings

After installing the device, you need to adjust it for more accurate operation. The number of settings depends on the device model. In cheap options, you can only influence the time the light is turned on and the level of illumination. More expensive models add sensor sensitivity adjustment and the ability to move the viewing angle of the sensor.

Viewing angle

The listening area of the device can only be approximately calculated. Therefore, situations may arise when the sensor does not respond as intended during installation. One reason may be that the viewing angle is chosen in the wrong direction. Therefore, if the device model allows you to change this parameter, it is worth taking advantage of it.

Configured to cover maximum area

Sensitivity (SENS)

This setting allows you to reduce the number of false positives from animals and other factors. Copes with identifying cats and small dogs; with large animals there may be no effect at all. It is better to start setting from the minimum value, gradually increasing to the desired values.

Shutdown delay (TIME)

Depending on the detector model, the parameter can vary from 3 seconds to 15 minutes. This means that once motion has been detected, the light will stay on for that amount of time. At the same time, if the time is up, but the person is still within the visibility range of the device, the light will be on. The timer starts counting down until the lamp turns off after the movement has stopped. You should start setting from the minimum value.

Light level (LUX/DAY LIGHT)

This parameter sets the lighting level in which the device will operate. That is, so that it does not work during the daytime, but begins to operate only with the onset of twilight or darkness. To configure, you need to turn the indicator to maximum, gradually reducing it to the desired sensitivity.

Possible problems and their solutions

A situation may arise when the light does not turn off, although the device is working properly. Here it is worth checking the response duration setting (TIME), which can be turned to the maximum position. The light stays on for so long that it simply does not have time to go out. In this case, you need to reduce this interval to an acceptable result.

The problem may also be in other settings: too low sensitivity (SENS) or incorrect lighting threshold (LUX). Check the operation of the sensor by turning the knobs to the maximum to eliminate these options.

Sensors have their own detection zone characteristics

Suboptimal installation location

Perhaps the device is blocked by a cabinet or cabinet. Or the coverage area is too far from the person and does not see movement. Or the lamp it is connected to is so close that it causes false alarms. There is also a possibility that the viewing angle of the device is not directed where it is needed. These shortcomings are corrected easily and quickly. Furniture can be removed or the detector can be placed in another place. To select the optimal installation location, it is necessary to understand the operating principle of the sensor. Microwave and ultrasonic sensors love movement towards or away from the sensor. And infrared - movements past the sensor. If you move towards the pyro sensor ideally along the center line, then it may not work. Understanding these features will help you avoid dead zones and false alarms. As we can see, the viewing angle indicated in the manufacturer’s description does not indicate in which plane - this is not full information, but the manufacturer’s tricks. An infrared sensor can be triggered if there are objects with different temperatures in its field of vision, even without the movement of these objects. That's why they are also called presence sensors.

Lamp burnout

Before installing a new lamp, check its functionality. This is also done using a voltmeter, although the method is not the most accurate. You can also screw the lamp into another lamp, which previously worked with another lamp.

Wiring fault

If you suspect a wiring fault, you need to call a technician or test it yourself with a multimeter. Another reason lies in the incorrect connection of the neutral cable to the motion sensor. Often construction debris gets into the junction with the block, after which a layer of soot forms and oxidation of the metal. In this case, the contact no longer passes, and the sensor stops working. To fix this, you need to check the wires for damage, and thoroughly clean the oxidized area and press it with NShVI tips.

Defects and incorrect operating conditions

Unfortunately, no one is immune from manufacturing defects and improper transportation of the device. This often applies to cheap models with a low level of protection. Or, for example, a powerful lamp was connected to the sensor, exceeding the recommended values, and it could not cope with the load. Water or dust may have entered the housing. Before purchasing, do not forget to check the functionality of the device.

Working principle and use

The essence of the action of all sensors comes down to tracking moving objects and closing electrical circuit if movements are detected. The circuit opens when no movement has been detected in the field of view for a certain time.

Types of motion sensors

The technologies with which sensors perform their direct duties may differ. There are 5 types of detection in total:

Infrared(IR). Such sensors respond to changes in thermal radiation in the field of view. The advantages include ease of installation outdoors, complete safety for household members, as well as the ability to adjust the response range and very low energy consumption. These devices passively listen to the surrounding space without emitting anything. Due to the nature of the technology, false alarms on animals and other extraneous movements may occur, especially on the street. In addition, the device can be easily fooled by wearing IR-resistant material.

IR motion sensor design

Ultrasonic(UZ). Using sound waves, the sensor listens to the environment at a frequency of 20–60 kHz, which is inaudible to the human ear. If the reflected signal has changed frequency, the device recognizes that there is movement in the area and responds appropriately. They are unpretentious to operating conditions and work well in damp and dusty rooms, regardless of temperature. They are relatively inexpensive. However, if there are animals in the house, it is better to opt for another device. Also among the disadvantages are the small coverage of action and indifference to smooth gait and movements.
Microwave(microwave). The device emits electromagnetic waves with a frequency of about 5.8 GHz, registering surrounding objects. This type is mainly used security systems. It is not suitable for installation in a residential area, since microwave radiation is unsafe for humans.
Acoustic. The detector reacts to sudden noise and does not emit anything. Most often used in basements and on staircases.
Combined(dual). These sensors combine several technologies to clarify the result. They can be more precisely tuned, which reduces the number of false positives.

Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, which affect the choice of installation location for the device. For home use IR and ultrasonic sensors or a combination of them are most suitable.

Each device has a number of characteristics that you should be aware of when purchasing a device.

Degree of protection

In other words, the strength of the device body. It is measured in IP: the higher the indicator, the more durable the shell of the device. For outdoor use, you need to choose models with IP 55 and higher. For home use, IP 22+ is quite enough.

Power type

There are wired and wireless motion sensors. Accordingly, wired ones are powered from a standard 220 V network, and wireless ones run on batteries, including solar batteries, and batteries. The latter are more often used when it is necessary to turn on lights or other devices from low-voltage sources (for example, from a 12 V emergency network). They are used if, after European-quality renovation, it is not possible to lay a wire for transmitting information.

Important Features motion sensor

Angle of action

One of the key characteristics that directly affects the operation of the sensor and the installation location. Most often, the numbers range from 90 to 360° horizontally and from 15 to 180° vertically.

Range

This parameter determines at what distance from the device a person will be detected. It is measured in meters and determined in three planes:

Perpendicular, when a person moves along a tangent circle, where the center is the motion sensor.
Frontally, when a person moves towards the device.
The presence of a person near the device.

The fundamental difference from viewing angle is that it measures range, not viewing angle.

Maximum connected power

Most sensors are designed for low-power devices: from 500 to 1000 W. If you need to connect powerful lamps, must be added to the diagram magnetic switch between the lamp and the sensor phase, and its coil on the other side of the lamp.

Use Cases

There are many alternative options use other than turning on and off the lights in the room:

Security systems and alarms.
Illumination of gates and paths near the house.
Installation of control over the operation of fountains.
Installation of pool lighting.
Lighting of stairs and corridors.
Lighting of basements and utility rooms.
The toilet flushes and the hood turns on.
Light-emitting diode (LED) strip for .

Main area of use – street lighting

Where to install?

Without experience in installing such devices, it is quite difficult to choose the optimal location for the sensor. Therefore, it is worth spending a little time testing different corners in the apartment or in the yard. There are a few general recommendations that will help in this process:

There should be no obstacles such as trees, bushes and other randomly moving objects in the visibility range of the device.
It is not recommended to install the device near other lighting fixtures, microwave ovens, fans, air conditioners and batteries.
Minimize exposure to water, sun, dirt and dust. If the sensor is installed, for example, in the yard, it makes sense to attach a canopy or other protection from bad weather and directed sunlight over it.
The sensor must cover the maximum viewing angle, and no large objects in the field of view are allowed. Their presence makes the sensor ineffective.

Installation locations

Specifications and appearance device directly affects the installation location. Household motion sensors are usually mounted on the ceiling or walls. The first option is convenient to install in a room with several doors, where it is unknown which side a person will enter from. Ceiling sensors most often have a 360° viewing angle and are installed in the middle of the room. But for different sensors, the direction of movement and in what plane they work are important.

Wall motion sensor option

A motion sensor is an electrical device that tracks the movement of objects within its coverage area. Their use in lighting private houses, offices and entrances of high-rise buildings allows owners to save electricity and extend the life of light bulbs, spotlights and other lighting systems. The article will discuss those. characteristics and connection diagram of the motion sensor.

The electrical appliance market offers a wide selection of motion sensors. Each of them has both characteristics common to all electronics (input voltage) and individual ones that are important for selection. To ensure that the device meets all requirements, you should pay attention to the parameters presented below.

Using the device in the entrance

Degree of protection

The security of the sensor is a quality on which the durability and stability of operation depend. To indicate the degree of protection, an international protection code - IP - was introduced. The first number characterizes resistance to solid particles and dust, and the second - to moisture.

Degrees of protection (IP)

Important! For office premises, it is enough to install a sensor marked IP 20-23. Protection for street lamps is 44-54. In especially dangerous electronic devices In places (bathrooms, shower rooms) it is recommended to install sensors with an IP65 rating.

Power type

Based on the type of power supply, motion sensors are divided into two groups: wired, powered by electricity (220V) and wireless, battery-powered (these include devices using solar panels).

Angle of action

The operating angle width of wall sensors varies from 120 to 280 degrees. For ceiling devices, the indicator goes up to 360, which allows you to track movement in the entire room. The value must be selected based on the installation location.

Additional Information! Passive IR detectors are insensitive to objects heading towards them “along the beam”. The maximum probability of turning on the light will be if the object crosses several waves of the emitter perpendicularly.

Range

The parameter has three measurement options:

the object is directed tangentially to a circle with the detector in the center (the largest area, up to 40 m);
object movement to the sensor (frontal plane, up to 20 m);
presence zone - work directly under the device (0 m).

Sensor range

Maximum connected power

Connecting one device in a circuit

How to connect a motion sensor? The simplest connection option is to connect one device directly to the light bulb. Before starting installation, you need to prepare tools and materials: a screwdriver, a three-wire wire, two terminal blocks for 2 contacts and two blocks for 3 contacts, NShVI to improve the quality of contact.

Connection diagrams for one sensor

Connect directly

First you need to disassemble the detector. Inside there are three cables with markings:

A, responsible for the load (usually red);
N - cable of blue color(zero);
L - brown or black wire (phase).

Important! Before connecting the electrical appliance, you need to turn off the power and check the presence of voltage in the network.

Installation instructions for one motion sensor:

Disassemble the detector (remove the cover);
Connect the three-core wire to the cables from the electrical appliance in the terminal block;
Connect all wires to the electrical box;
Connect the load cable from the detector and the electrical panel;
Combine all "zeros";
Connect the load of the device and the L-cable of the lamp through the terminal;
Apply current through the circuit and check the system for serviceability.

Direct connection

Connection via switch

For some rooms, in addition to automatic control, manual lighting control is required. Then a one-button switch is added to the motion sensor connection circuit to turn on the light.

Installation procedure:

Turn off the electricity;
Connect the three-wire cable to the sensor;
Connect the phases of the electrical panel, detector and switch;
Merge neutral wires from the device, lamp and shield;
The remaining ones: sensor load, switch zero, black wire of the lamp;
Connect to electricity and check for proper operation.

Connection diagram via switch

Connecting multiple devices in a circuit

If you need to illuminate a long corridor (a room with a non-standard layout) or if the area covered by one sensor is small, another motion detector is connected to the circuit.

Carefully! The second and subsequent devices must be connected in parallel to the same phase. If devices are connected to different phases, a short circuit will occur.

Instructions for connecting additional sensors:

De-energize the circuit;
Combine the L-cables of the motion sensors and the electrical panel;
Connect the red cables of electrical appliances and the brown cable from the lamp;
Combine all neutral cables (from the lamp, sensors and shield);
Connect to the power supply and check operation.

Connection diagram for several sensors

Advice! To connect household devices For lighting devices (spotlights) with high power, it is better to use a connection via a contactor (with a 220V coil). The phase is connected to the contactor from the sensor and the panel, and the sensor load is connected to the contactor. This circuit will allow you to withstand the power of the spotlight.

Verifying the installation

Before final installation, you need to check the health of the system. There are several switches on the sensor that are responsible for setting up the detector:

LUX. The switch is responsible for the threshold illumination. If there is enough light from the sun outside, the sensor will not respond to movement.
TIME. The time for which the light will turn on after triggering (from 2 seconds to 15 minutes). The countdown starts from the moment the object leaves the coverage area.
SENS. The sensitivity depends on the brightness of the IR light to which the device must respond.

Motion sensor controls

Viewing angle

In cheap device versions, only settings for sensitivity, duration and threshold illumination level are available, and the viewing angle is fixed. More expensive analogues allow you to adjust this characteristic. If the device often works at the wrong time or blind spots appear, then it is worth checking the correct direction of the viewing angle.

Advice! For maximum efficiency of wall-mounted street sensors, the optimal installation location is at a height of 2.5-3 m. The range is about 10-20 m and the height is 1.5 m. You should not try to increase the regulated range by installing the detector at a higher or lower level.

Installing a Wall Sensor

Light level

Correctly setting the light level will increase efficiency lighting fixture: Running a lamp with sufficient light from the sun is a waste of money. To adjust the LUX parameter, the regulator must be set to the maximum position (work at night), and then gradually turn it to the right.

Switch delay

The delay time varies from 2 seconds to 15 minutes. The optimal time is considered to be 50-60 s. You need to turn TIME to the minimum value, and then gradually increase the time. The first shutdown after setup will occur slightly later than it was set. Subsequent ones will be carried out according to the settings.

Location of controls on the sensor

Sensitivity

At hypersensitivity motion detector is prone to false alarms. At high level sensitivity detector is triggered when animals appear in the area. To correctly configure the device, you should start with the minimum value and gradually increase the SENS regulator.

Possible problems and their solutions

If the sensor turns on the light properly, but there are problems turning it off, the first thing you need to check is the light delay switch. Perhaps the TIME regulator is set to the maximum operating time, which is why the intervals between operations are too short: the lamp does not have time to turn off.

TIME and LUX layout option

Incorrect installation location selected

For correct installation device, it is necessary to take into account the principle of its operation: the IR sensor responds perfectly to movements “past”, but may not work when moving towards it, and ultrasonic and microwave sensors perceive movement “towards themselves”.

If there is any object between the device and the coverage area, this also causes misfires: it is necessary to remove obstacles in front of the emitter. Sometimes electrical appliances give false alarms when they are close to the lamp. If such a problem is noticed, you need to place the lamp a little further away.

Advice! Infrared detectors respond to any object that emits heat. Therefore, it is worth inspecting the room for the presence of heating devices.

Motion tracking technologies

Lamp burnout

If the device does not react at all to an object entering the zone, the cause most often turns out to be a normal lamp burnout. Before installation, you should test the bulb in another lamp.

Wiring faults

When all possible reasons problems have been checked, but the sensor still does not start, you need to test all sections of the circuit with a multimeter. If the problem is in the wiring, you need to de-energize the system and reconnect the device.

Important! Sometimes the problem lies in the connection of the wire to the terminal block. Due to dust and debris, the wire oxidizes and the detector stops working. It is necessary to clean the cable from oxidation and crimp the end with NSHVI.

NShVI tips

Defects and incorrect operating conditions

It happens that the cause of problems lies in the device itself: a manufacturing defect or damage during transportation (typical of cheap devices with a low degree of protection). If the sensor does not have good protection from moisture, but it was placed in a place open to water (outside a protective canopy, in the bathroom), then water could get inside, causing the electrical appliance to fail.

Advice! Before purchasing, you should always inspect the detector for visible damage; if possible, it is better to check its functionality in a store. You cannot throw away warranty cards and boxes from equipment: if there is a problem, you can replace the device under warranty.

Motion sensor packaging

You don't need to be a master to understand how to properly connect a motion sensor to automatically turn on the light: just follow simple instructions for operating and setting up the device. A motion sensor can save up to 50% of electricity, which, coupled with ease of use, will pay for the cost of the device many times over.