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Operating principle and design of a typical water supply pumping station. Do-it-yourself pumping station Why do you need a pumping station in the house

The pumping station allows you to increase the efficiency of the water supply system, the safety of equipment and pipelines. Principle of operation pumping station and its comprehensive equipment provides protection from external factors and the possibility of uninterrupted water supply even during a power outage. With constant use, permanent or long-term residence in a private home, such a station significantly increases the level of comfort.

In order to understand how a pumping station for a summer house or private home works, you should take a closer look at its structure and main functional elements. Let's consider their sequence in the direction of water movement.

The water intake, located in, is equipped with a filter mesh that prevents relatively large particles of impurities from entering the system. A check valve is also located here to prevent reverse flow of water when the pressure drops or the pump stops working.
The suction line is the section of pipeline from the water intake to the pump.
Job centrifugal pump creates a vacuum in the pipeline supplying liquid from the source, which contributes to its intensive rise, and excess pressure in the line leading to the points of water consumption, to ensure the flow of water through communications. To optimize system performance the pump is equipped with a pressure gauge and pressure switch, the settings of which ensure that the pumping unit is turned on and off when critical values are reached.
The operating principle of a pumping station for a summer residence would be incomprehensible without clarification - they are set taking into account the characteristics of the pump, the volume and required pressure in the accumulator and other parameters.
The systems are equipped with reservoirs from which water is supplied to the pipeline.

The photo shows a diagram of a water supply device based on a pumping station with a hydraulic accumulator

Thus, the principle of operation of a pumping station for a home in stages is as follows:

When the pump is turned on, water rises from the source, fills the system and the hydraulic accumulator until a certain pressure value or level is reached. After this, the pump is turned off.
When water is consumed (opening a tap, using a shower or water-consuming equipment), the pressure or level in the system decreases, which facilitates the supply of liquid from the accumulator/storage tank chamber. In this way, water flow from the storage tank is carried out until a critical pressure/level value is reached. After this, the pump is turned on again and the cycle repeats.

Advantages of pumping stations

The installation of a pumping station for the home allows you to provide whole line advantages when using:

possibility of supplying water in the absence of electricity supply,
stability of pressure in the system,
compactness and low weight of complex equipment,
possibility to choose the installation location,
economical operation by extending the service life of water supply system elements and reducing energy costs due to timely switching on and off of the pumping unit,
equipment durability.

Selecting a drive

Pressure water storage tanks(conventional containers located at a height, which makes it possible to supply water to the system by gravity) are increasingly being replaced with more modern and efficient ones hydraulic accumulators.

The operating principle of the water supply pumping station remains the same in both cases. At the same time, the undoubted advantages of hydraulic accumulators are the ability to be placed next to the pump (without lifting to a height) and the presence of a chamber with compressed air, which makes it possible to adjust the value overpressure and, accordingly, the mode of water supply to the pipeline. Besides, The hydraulic accumulator better ensures the presence and stability of pressure.

Typical hydraulic accumulators for pumping stations in the budget and mid-price categories may have a small volume. If the tank capacity minus the volume compressed air will be 25-40 liters, the hydraulic accumulator will be able to work for the system, but it can no longer be regarded as an opportunity to provide a large supply of water in case of an emergency shutdown of the system. In most cases, the design of the pumping station allows the connection of an additional hydraulic accumulator without disruption. If the power in your home is frequently cut off, you should find out in advance whether such a possibility exists.

However, a pressure tank also has a certain advantage. Its presence allows you to choose a less powerful (and therefore cheaper) pump. The downside of this advantage is the low performance of low-power pumping units, which means that it will fill the tank slowly, that is, the tank must have a large volume.

Pump equipment

Modern manufacturers offer separately submersible pumps or pumping stations with surface pumps. It is believed that the first option is optimal for wells of almost all types, and the second is suitable for wells and Abyssinian springs (due to the minimum width of their casing pipes and the shallow location of the water surface).

Indeed, submersible models have the ability to lift water even from very great depths (for example, the height of the casing pipe of artesian wells reaches 100 meters or more).
At the same time, surface pumping units are easy to maintain, easy to inspect and periodically inspect. However, in the classical modification, such models are capable of lifting liquid from a maximum depth of 8-9 meters.

The main dilemma is the combination of a high lifting height with low productivity and rather modest pressure characteristics for submersible models, and good productivity and pressure combined with the possibility of use only for shallow sources for surface units.

A compromise could be ejector models. The ejector ensures the formation of a rarefied zone in the pipeline due to the pressure difference. The latter arises as follows: in a simplified form, the ejector is a cone-shaped device, moving through which the liquid increases speed as the lumen narrows. In the zone of high flow velocity, a vacuum is formed, which captures liquid from the external environment through an additional hole or pipe.

Important: When choosing a model, it should be taken into account that the ejector of the pumping station can be remote or built-in.

Equipped external ejector, which is directly lowered into the water source, the pump is capable of lifting water from a greater depth (depending on the power of the pumping unit and the design of the ejector - up to 25-40 meters). Remote ejectors are more efficient and usually differ in design, representing two parallel pipes (one of them can be replaced with a flexible hose) - a vacuum-discharge and a main one. But they are also sensitive to sand in the water and other contaminants.

To the disadvantages ejector stations with built-in device An increased noise level during operation is often attributed, but it can only become a noticeable nuisance if the pumping station is located in an open space and close to the windows of the house. When installed in a special building (which is often necessary to protect equipment from freezing in winter), thermal insulation also serves as a sound absorber. Soundproofing a room when installing equipment in the basement is also not difficult and will not require excessive costs. It should be noted that the lifting height does not increase when using equipment with a built-in ejector, but productivity increases.

We talked about this in more detail in a separate article.

If during its operation the need for repairs arises, then you will find it useful, which examines standard faults and gives recommendations on how to fix them yourself.

You will find information about cleaning your well yourself on this page. Technologies and necessary equipment for works.

Automatic control systems

Availability automatic systems control significantly increases the cost of the pumping station, so the feasibility of such equipment is determined individually. Experts recommend installing control sensors and automatic regulators when constantly using the water supply system.

Automation can provide protection from various factors, for example, from the so-called “dry running”, when when the liquid level decreases, the pump takes in air, the pumping station operates jerkily, and the pumping unit overheats. In addition, protection from:

increase in temperature (overheating) of the pump,
voltage drops in the supply network, etc.

In the video you can see how the pumping station is designed and a description of its operation.

One of the most important problems facing any homeowner is supplying their property with water for food, hygiene and household needs. It is always considered a great success to have an autonomous source that has the required productivity (debit) and is characterized by the required water quality. All that remains is to organize the lifting of the required volumes, if necessary, certain water treatment (filtration and post-treatment), and then distribution to points of water consumption, ensuring the appropriate pressure for the correct operation of all plumbing fixtures and household appliances.

There are many approaches to solving this issue - for this you can select the necessary set of modern pumping equipment, storage tanks, automatic devices management. But to independently think through the compatibility of the relevant devices, ensure their required interaction, consistency in operation, calculate and install a single system that will meet all the requirements is a task of a very high level of complexity. That is why, if the specific characteristics of the source and location of the house allow, many owners prefer to purchase outright ready-made solution– pumping station.

This publication will consider a number of questions that in one way or another relate to the main problem in the title - how to choose a pumping station. By the way, the contents of the article will probably be interesting for some apartment owners to familiarize themselves with - those who, for a number of reasons, have insufficient pressure in their water pipes or are not stable - is able to come to the rescue in such circumstances, providing the required pressure in the system, necessary for the operation of household appliances – instantaneous water heaters, washing machines and dishwashers, showers, etc.

What is a pumping station?

So, as mentioned above, the whole set of tasks includes ensuring the intake of water from the source in the required volumes, transporting it to places of water consumption while ensuring the proper pressure. You can get acquainted in detail with the variety of pumping equipment for external sources, with its design, principles of operation, installation rules, laying lines, insulation, etc., on the pages of our portal, so there is no point in returning to this topic.

How to provide your own home with water?

Problems of creation autonomous system water supply country house A lot of attention has been paid to the pages of the portal. Thus, the issues are covered in detail. Special publications will help you decide on or.

The issue of water supply directly to water collection points can be resolved using several methods:

The pump turns on directly when it is necessary to supply water, that is, directly from the source to the consumer. This scheme is one of the simplest to organize, but also the most imperfect. It completely depends on the parameters of the pumping equipment, and most importantly, on the availability of power supply at the time of water intake.

In addition, when automating such a system, that is, installing a flow sensor, the pump will start whenever any water tap is opened - it doesn’t matter whether you need to take a shower, put on the laundry, rinse a plate, or even just get a glass of water. Agree that with such frequent switching on and off, any pumping equipment is unlikely to last long.

This approach may be quite justified for, for example, watering a garden or for providing water for a very small country house, where the owners come only from time to time.

The pump pumps water into storage capacity located at the top of the house. Thus, there is always a certain reserve that reduces the owners’ dependence on the stability of the electricity supply.

A completely possible solution, but not without its drawbacks, is a capacious non-pressure tank.

Such a system is easier to automate - you can install a float switch that will control the start and stop of the pump when the required water level in the tank is reached and as it is consumed.

However, there are serious shortcomings here too. Firstly, to install a storage tank, you need to provide a lot of space in the upper part of the house. If this happens in the attic (and this most often happens), then you will also have to deal with high-quality thermal insulation of the container. Secondly, such a drive is usually quite impressive in size.

And thirdly, the usual gravitational pressure of water from the tank may not be enough for the normal operation of household appliances. This means that it will be necessary to install another pump to increase the pressure, as shown in the diagram above. Agree that installing two pumps is not entirely and not always convenient; the overall complexity and vulnerability of the entire system increases.

Finally, the third approach is a surface pump or pumps water into a membrane-type hydraulic accumulator (item 1).

The optimal solution is a pumped storage membrane tank

Not only is the required supply of water created, it is also under the right pressure, in such a way as to ensure the functioning of all plumbing and household appliances available in the house. The system is controlled using a pressure switch (position 2 in this figure) - it is designed to ensure that the pump is turned off at the moment when the upper limit of the operating pressure is reached in the storage tank. As water is consumed, the pressure decreases, and when it drops to the lower threshold (which is still slightly higher than the pressure required for the correct operation of household appliances), the pump will be turned on again to replenish the spent supply. Thus, the pressure in the membrane tank is constantly maintained within the required operating range.

Obviously, this scheme is the most convenient to use, optimal from the point of view of economical energy consumption and the expected service life of pumping equipment. Such a system can be assembled from individual components - a pump, a hydraulic accumulator tank, an automation unit with a pressure switch. But very often it makes sense to give preference to a ready-made technological solution to the problem - a special installation in which all the necessary elements of the system are assembled. It is this type of equipment that is called

An approximate diagram of the pumping station is shown in the figure below:

Structurally, the pumping station consists of the following elements:

Water intake from a well or borehole is provided by a surface pump (item 1) of one type or another - the varieties will be mentioned below. An intake hose (pipe) (item 2) is laid to the water source, at the end of which a mesh filter (item 3) must be installed, which prevents the ingress of solid suspensions of unacceptable size, and a check valve (item 4), which prevents water from flowing down when pump off position.

The water leaving the pump under pressure passes through another check valve (item 5) and a splitter (item 6). Connected to this “cross” are an accumulating membrane tank (item 7), a flexible connection (item 8) to the barometric relay (item 9). The relay monitors the pressure level in the system, ensuring timely operation to transfer power from the 220 V network (item 10) to pumping unit. The pipe (item 11) supplies water with the required pressure to the points of consumption: faucets in the kitchen, bathroom, washbasin (“a” and “b”), shower stall (“c”), cistern toilet (“g”), washing machine and dishwasher (“d” and “e”), household faucet - for watering, cleaning, car washing, etc. ("and").

Design features of pumping stations

The layout of individual elements may vary depending on different manufacturers and depending on the specific model range. For example, a barometric relay (pressure switch) may not have a flexible connection, but may simply be “mounted” on a pipe or on a membrane tank. Nevertheless, circuit diagram this will not change significantly.

There may be quite significant differences in the type of pump itself.

Conventional self-priming types are very often used. These are reliable and easy-to-install units that do not require complex installation operations. They are quite different high level performance, capable of creating good pressure, undemanding to water purity and air build-up. The disadvantage is the low height of water rising from the well - usually within 6 meters, combined with fairly high noise. So it is better to provide a separate room for them.

Some self-priming pumps are equipped with a built-in ejector - a special device that allows you to significantly increase the depth of water intake from a well or well. up to 10 - 15 meters. True, you have to “pay” for this with even greater noise and a slight decrease in overall efficiency - part of the energy is spent on recirculating water in the ejector loop.
If the depth of water in the source is significant, then the only alternative is to use a pumping station with an external ejector.

The looped movement of water, which sharply increases the suction characteristics of the pump, is organized through an intake and an additional hose, lowered into the water and connected by an ejector nozzle.

This connection scheme allows you to lift water from significant depths (up to 40 - 45 meters) and transmit it over considerable distances through pipes from a remote source. The external location of the ejector unit reduces the noise of the pumping station. There is, of course, a drawback - such equipment has high energy consumption due to reduced efficiency.

For shallow sources, up to 8 - 10 meters, pumping stations with a multi-stage unit are ideal. The noise level generated is very low, so they will not become a source of irritation even when installed in the living area of the house or in the kitchen. In this case, both the pressure and productivity of the pump reach very significant values. True, the complexity of the design also predetermines a much higher price than conventional ones.

Multistage pumps can be immediately identified by size working chamber– it has a distinctly elongated cylindrical shape, since it contains several impellers.

Another possible type of pumps installed on pumping stations is vortex pumps. The special design of the working chamber and the shape of the wheel create a turbulent flow of water, characterized by high pressure, however, at the expense of a decrease in the productivity of the device (compared to other types). The depth of the fence is small - usually within 6 ÷ 7 meters.

It is advisable to use such pumping stations for small houses with a shallow source - here they will show “in full glory” their efficiency and quiet operation. Another common area of their use is as pumps that increase the pressure in the internal water supply system, if such a need arises (for example, low pressure from the central water supply).

The illustration below shows a typical layout of a pumping station in a private home.

The pumping station can be located in the utility room of a residential building, or in a specially designated room, for example, in the basement or basement. For a permanent installation, it is important to pay attention to the laying of the pipeline from the well to the house (shown by an orange arrow) at a depth below the soil freezing level and with high-quality thermal insulation.

Subtleties of laying a water supply from a well to a house

It is not enough to install pumping equipment correctly - it is extremely important to correctly lay water mains from the water source to residential building. These questions are also reflected on the pages of our portal. A special article is devoted from the well to the building. Visitors who live in cold climates may experience useful information O .

Pay attention to the row letter designations with the arrows shown in the diagram. These are the quantities that we will need in the future to determine the required parameters of the pumping station - the depth of water intake, the height of the pressure it creates, and the performance of the system.

Selecting a pumping station

The reader has already become familiar with some of the parameters for choosing a pumping station above. In particular, we talked about the type of pump itself and related factors - noise, efficiency. Now let’s look at several fundamental performance characteristics that must be taken into account when purchasing pumping equipment.

Maximum water intake depth

The selection of a pumping station according to this parameter should be based on the actual characteristics of the water source and its distance from the installation site of the equipment.

The fundamental distance is the height from the water surface in the well to the axis of the pump (shown in the diagram by red arrows and the letter G). It is customary to take the dynamic level of the well as the starting point, that is, the average level with constant water intake for at least 24 ÷ 48 hours. The static level that water reaches if there has been no withdrawal from the well at all over the last one or two days can give a significant error in the calculations.

Every owner should know the values of the dynamic and static source levels. They are determined empirically by taking measurements over a fairly long period. By the way, the flow rate of the well (well) largely depends on these indicators, which will also become one of the determining criteria when choosing pumping equipment.

If the water source is located in close proximity, literally a few meters from the pumping station, then this G value may be quite sufficient. Of course, so that the pump does not work at the limit of its capabilities, about 10 - 15% of the reserve should be added, especially since the water also has to overcome the resistance of the check valve. But if a significant horizontal section is also being laid (in the diagram there are blue arrows and the letter L), then this should also be taken into account - there will also be losses due to the hydraulic resistance of the pipes.

In the case when a pipe with a diameter of 1 inch is laid, then we can proceed from the ratio of 1 vertical meter = 10 meters of horizontal pipe laying. Typically, household pumping stations are equipped with a corresponding pipe of this diameter. But if a ¾-inch pipe is laid, then it would be more correct to take a ratio of 1:7. It would hardly occur to anyone to use pipes of smaller diameter - it is completely unreasonable.

The material used to make the pipes also matters – in steel pipes the hydraulic resistance is significantly greater than in plastic pipes.

To make the task easier for the reader, below is a calculator that will help you quickly calculate the required depth of water intake, taking into account the laid line and the required reserve.

Every year, the number of residents of megalopolises and large cities is increasing, who are beginning to think about purchasing and arranging their own suburban housing. Some decide to buy a house in the village, others build buildings with their own hands, and still others order log cabins and frame houses at construction companies, who also perform final installation on the prepared site.

There are many ways to implement this idea. The reasons for the “movement” from cities are different: it may be the desire to provide their relatives with environmentally friendly food; get away from the hustle and bustle of the city; to have your own house, and not an apartment in a concrete building that belongs to someone unknown. However, having taken this path, a person is forced to solve issues that apartment residents have never even heard of. For example, what is the principle of operation it will have to be understood.

The basis of life

Everyone knows that it is impossible to survive without water. It is not surprising that, arranging Vacation home, the owner first of all thinks about the source. The easiest way is to run a pipe line to the site and into the premises from the central water supply running nearby. However, not everyone has such an opportunity. Very often the only available source is a well or well on the site.

But if in the summer, squinting from the morning sun, you can happily walk barefoot through the dew and bring several buckets into the house with your hands, then in the fall and winter such a prospect is unlikely to please anyone. Fortunately, what seemed incredible just ten years ago is now available to everyone. This is the water supply. The principle of their operation makes it possible to organize a local water supply system in a single private household.

A step towards autonomy

It is designed to provide a home with water. Its operating principle is based on the balance of two pressures - water and air, which we will talk about in more detail a little later. In order for this device to work, several conditions must be met:

The presence of a well, well or other source on the site. In this case, the distance from it to the installation site of the station should be minimal, otherwise it is necessary to complicate the wiring diagram by using intermediate containers. In other words, the closer the source is to home, the better.

IN in this case This means a classic household pumping station, the operating principle of which does not allow creating pressure over long distances. Typically, a route length of up to 20 m is acceptable. If this condition is not met, then it is necessary. The principle of its operation is to increase the pressure to acceptable values. In fact, this is an additional intermediate link - a repeater.

Availability of electricity required to power the electric motor that pumps water into the pump. Autonomous current sources, if they are used, must be of sufficient power. Thus, the simplest vibration pump will require at least 300 W to operate, and the electrical power of centrifugal models amounts to thousands of watts.

Correctly executed. The fewer turns of the route and diameter transitions, the better. Also, when laying a pipe, you need to take into account the depth of soil freezing in a given region.

Near solutions to distant problems

We mentioned earlier that if the distance between the end consumer and the water source is large, then a booster pumping station is needed.

Its operating principle makes it possible to overcome the limitations of classical systems, significantly expanding their capabilities. It turns on almost simultaneously with the main pump, increasing the pressure of water passing through the pipes to the required value. As an alternative, an intermediate vessel with a float-type switch can be used. There are many options for solving the problem of supplying water to a house from a remote source, each of which has its own characteristics. However, their description is beyond the scope of this work.

How to supply water to the house?

A household pumping station is designed to organize an autonomous water supply system for a country house in the absence of a centralized line. Its operating principle can be schematically represented as:

An electric pump pumps water from a source into a special container;

When the latter is filled to a certain volume, the water pressure in the container increases and, as a result, the control mechanical relay RD5 is activated by upper limit, turning off the pump motor;

By opening a tap or any other water supply point, the owner has the opportunity to use water in the same way as in the city - with the desired pressure in the system (even automatic washing machines and dishwashers work, at this time water comes from the container);

As the amount of water decreases, the pressure in the system drops, which is recorded by RD5, and upon reaching the lower value set by the owner, the pump restarts. The cycle repeats.

All this is realized by a home pumping station. The principle of its operation, as you can see, is incredibly simple. If installation and operation rules are followed, the service life of this system can reach 10 years.

Layout

So, pumping station. We discussed the principle of its operation earlier in a schematic version. Now let's turn to the details.

Any such system necessarily includes the following components:

Electric pump for pumping water from the source and creating initial pressure;

A check valve mounted on the pipeline and preventing water from flowing out of the container through the pump when the latter is turned off;

Five-way fitting with connected pressure gauge and pressure switch;

Hydraulic accumulator;

Home piping system with taps and other shut-off valves(For example, solenoid valves washing machines).

It is in this order that the pumping station is assembled. The operating principle is no less simple. To configure it and subsequent maintenance, it is not at all necessary to resort to the help of service centers - you just need to study the main points.

How to pump water?

The pumping station can be factory-made, when all its elements are mounted as part of a single device, or manually assembled - with a spaced arrangement.

Usually it is the first ones that are in the windows of the corresponding stores. The tank capacity in them rarely exceeds 50 liters (as a rule, everything is limited to 25 liters). Water can be pulled, creating a vacuum in the pipe (hence the limitation on the lift height), or it can be pushed upward. The assembled factory pumping stations are precisely designed to solve the first problem: you just need to install the device next to the well, extend a hose or pipe to the liquid and provide further wiring with power supply.

The second option is more technologically advanced, in which a special submersible pump. It is sealed and can work in such conditions for years (with the exception of vibration). A line extends from it to the remaining components that are installed on the surface. Such a pump pushes water up the pipe, which is more efficient and makes it possible to overcome the depth limitation.

Capacity creating pressure

No less interesting is the operating principle of the hydraulic accumulator. This is one of the key elements of the system. It is characterized by volume, material of the inner “pear”, installation method and workmanship.

Inside the metal “barrel” there is a rubber container shaped like a pear (although there are slightly different designs). It is into this that the pump pumps water. Between their walls there is an air gap with (from 1 to 1.5 atm).

When the “pear” is filled, it increases in volume. The air compresses and begins to put pressure on the walls. It is thanks to him that pressure is created. As the water supply is used up, the bulb contracts and the pressure drops. The indicated capacity of the hydraulic accumulator only indirectly allows one to estimate the working capacity. For example, depending on the setting, a 100 liter “barrel” can store up to 50 liters of water.

Managing system operation

The pumping station operates in a fully automatic mode. The person is required to correctly install all the elements, perform the initial setup and connect the power supply. In the future, if adjustment is necessary, you only need to check the presence of a sufficient amount of air in the container and the correctness of the set limits of the pressure switch.

Overcoming obstacles

The pump used in classic stations can lift liquid from a depth of no more than 8 m (theoretical limit is 9 - 10 m). That is, if the distance to the water surface is greater, then you will have to either install the system in a special well-pit, going deep into the ground, or use another type of pump. An ejector pumping station can be used as an alternative. Its operating principle differs from the classical one, which makes it possible to overcome the limitation on the lifting depth and pump water from almost 45 m. In addition, the distance to the source can be up to 40 m. In such installations, a special device is used - an ejector, which is physically located at the entrance of the water intake pipe . In more simple models an additional pipe is extended to it from the main system located on the surface, through which water flows. Before starting it is filled manually (although there are exceptions), and during operation it comes from the main line. Solutions with one pipe are also possible, but this is only an external difference. Installation of ejector pumping stations requires the installation of additional check valves and improvements to pipework. The main disadvantage is the high cost.

Staying outside the city, in a country residence, has additional difficulties, since centralized communications are not available everywhere. Residents of the periphery improve living conditions in a cottage or house so that it does not differ from urban comfortable housing. One of the points of a comfortable life concerns the constant availability of water in sufficient quantities. In this case, special equipment will help - a do-it-yourself pumping station. Due to self-installation you can save your family budget.

The main number of wells in summer cottages has a depth of up to 20 m - optimal for installing automatic equipment. With these parameters you do not need to purchase deep well pump, automatic control system or intermediate tank: water flows directly from the well (or well) to the collection points. To provide correct connection pumping station, you need to understand what it consists of and how it works.

The main functional units of the station are the following equipment:

, ensuring the rise of water and its transportation to the house.
A hydraulic accumulator that softens hydraulic shock. It consists of two parts separated by a membrane.
Electric motor connected to pressure switch and pump.
A pressure switch that controls its level in the system. If the pressure drops below a certain parameter, it starts the motor, if there is excess pressure, it turns it off.
A pressure gauge is a device for determining pressure. It is used to make adjustments.
A water intake system equipped with a check valve (located in a well or well).
The main connecting the water intake and the pump.

Using this formula, you can determine the maximum suction depth: the diagram clearly demonstrates what measurements need to be made for this

The most common version of a pumping station is a hydraulic accumulator with a surface pump mounted on top and a unit that includes a pressure gauge, pressure switch and dry-running protection

As can be seen from the table, the cost of pumping stations can vary. It depends on the power, maximum pressure, bandwidth, manufacturer

Before installing pumping equipment, it is necessary to purchase all functional parts according to the parameters of the well and water supply system.

Self-installation of a pumping station

At first glance, there are quite a lot of places for installing equipment - this is any free corner in the house or outside it. In reality, everything turns out to be different. However, only a well-thought-out installation of a pumping station guarantees its full operation, so some conditions must be observed.

Installation conditions:

proximity to a well or well ensures stable water absorption;
the room must be warm, dry and ventilated;
the location should not be cramped, as maintenance and repair work will be required;
the room must hide the noise produced by the pumping equipment.

One option for installing a pumping station is on a shelf specially attached to the wall. The installation room is a boiler room, boiler room or utility room.

It is difficult to comply with all the conditions, but it is advisable to adhere to at least some. So, let's look at several suitable installation locations.

Option #1 – room inside the house

A well-insulated boiler room on the territory of the cottage is an ideal area for installation in case permanent residence. The main disadvantage is good audibility with poor sound insulation of the room.

If the pumping station is located in a separate room country house, then it is best to install a well directly under the building

The material on how to make a well water supply system will also be useful:

Option #2 – basement

Underfloor or basement can be equipped for installation of a pumping station, but this should be considered during design. If there is no heating in the room, and the floors and walls are not insulated, you will have to spend a lot of effort to prepare it.

A well-equipped basement is ideal for installing a pumping station. When laying a pipeline, a hole for communications should be made in the foundation of the house.

Option #3 – special well

A possible option that has a couple of pitfalls. The first is the difficulty of maintaining the required level of pressure in the house, the second is the difficulty of carrying out repair work.

When the pumping station is located in a well, on a specially equipped site, the pressure level should be adjusted, which depends on the power of the equipment and the parameters of the pressure pipe

Option #4 – caisson

A special area near the well exit is also suitable for installation, the main thing is to correctly calculate the depth of its location. The required temperature will be created by the heat of the earth.

The pumping station located in the well caisson has two advantages: complete noise insulation and protection from freezing during frosts

In the absence of specially designated places, install the unit in places common use(in the hallway, bathroom, corridor, kitchen), but this is a last resort. Loud station noise and comfortable stay- these are incompatible concepts, so it is better to prepare a separate room for installing a pumping station in a dacha.

Pipeline laying

The well is usually located near the house. In order for the pumping station to operate properly and without interruptions, it is necessary to ensure the unhindered flow of water from the source to the equipment, which is located in a specially designated area. For this purpose, a pipeline is laid.

Low winter temperatures can cause pipes to freeze, so they are buried in the ground, preferably to a depth that is below the freezing level of the soil. Otherwise, the line should be insulated. The work boils down to the following:

digging a trench with a slight slope towards the well;
installing a hole in the foundation for the pipe at the optimal height (if necessary);
pipe laying;
connecting the pipeline to pumping equipment.

During the construction of the highway, you may encounter a problem such as the presence of high-standing surface water. In this case, the pipes are installed above a critical level, and heat-insulating material or a heating cable are used to protect against cold.

Advantages polyethylene pipes and fittings over metal analogues: no corrosion, ease of installation and repair, low price (30-40 rubles/linear meter)

This pumping station installation diagram shows an option for insulating pipes above the ground freezing level

The best option for thermal insulation of external water pipes is a solid “shell” of polystyrene foam (8 cm thick) wrapped in foil

For thermal insulation of pipes that are laid above the ground freezing level, inexpensive and environmentally friendly material is often used - mineral wool on a basalt basis.

Exterior works

From the outside polypropylene pipe We attach a metal mesh that will serve as a coarse filter. In addition, you will need a check valve to ensure that the pipe is constantly filled with water.

It is possible to purchase a ready-made hose with a check valve and a coarse filter, but equipped with your own hands will cost much less

Without this part, the pipe will remain empty, therefore, the pump will not be able to pump water. We fix the check valve using a coupling with an external thread. The end of the pipe equipped in this way is placed in the well.

The coarse filter for the supply hose is a metal mesh with a fine mesh. Without him correct work pumping station is not possible

After completing these steps, you can start upgrading the well head.

Connecting equipment

So, how should you properly connect your home pumping station so as not to encounter technical inconsistencies in the future? First of all, we install the unit on a specially prepared base. It can be brick, concrete or wood. To ensure stability, we screw the legs of the station using anchor bolts.

For installation of the pumping station, special legs-stands are provided; however, to provide additional stability, the equipment must be fixed with bolts

Placing a rubber mat under the equipment can help dampen unnecessary vibrations.

For more convenient maintenance, the pumping station is installed on a base with a height of regular table made of durable material - concrete, brick

The next step is to connect the pipe coming from the well. Most often this is a polyethylene product with a diameter of 32 mm. To connect, you will need a coupling with an external thread (1 inch), a metal angle with an external thread (1 inch), a check valve with the same diameter, and a straight American tap. We connect all the parts: we secure the pipe with a coupling, and we fix the “American” with a thread.

One of the check valves is located in the well, the second is mounted directly to the pumping station. Both valves serve to protect the system from water hammer and ensure the correct direction of water movement

The second outlet is intended for communication with the water supply network. It is usually located at the top of the equipment. The connection pipes are also made of polyethylene, as it is an inexpensive, flexible, durable material. Fixing occurs in a similar way - using an “American” and a combined coupling (1 inch, angle 90°) with an external thread. First, we screw the “American” to the outlet of the station, then we mount a propylene coupling into the tap, and finally water pipe We fix it in the coupling using the soldering method.

To completely seal the connections, they must be sealed. Traditionally, a winding made of flax is used, and a special sealing paste is applied on top of it.

After you have connected the pumping station to the water intake and plumbing system, you need to check the quality of its operation.

We are conducting a test run

Before starting the station, it must be filled with water. We let water through the filler hole so that it fills the accumulator, lines and pump. Open the valves and turn on the power. The engine starts and water begins to fill the pressure pipe until all the air is removed. The pressure will increase until the set value is reached - 1.5-3 atm, then the equipment will automatically turn off.

In some cases it is necessary to adjust the pressure value. To do this, remove the cover from the relay and tighten the nut

As you can see, installing a home pumping station with your own hands is not at all difficult; the main thing is to follow the installation instructions.