Calculation of the size of the roof of the house. Calculation of the square of the roof or how to calculate the roof area using an online calculator. Copper roofing
Before calculating the roof area, it is necessary to draw up an accurate plan with the application of all dimensions in uniform digital indicators. In addition, you need to know what kind of roofing material will be used for the device. roofing, waterproofing, vapor barrier, thermal insulation. With the calculation of the roof area, each developer will be able to build their roof economically.
Roofs can be of different shapes:
- one, two or four-slope
- hip or semi-hip
- gable;
- multi-slope
The easiest way to calculate are roofs that do not have kinks on the slopes and are regular triangles or trapezoids. But modern builders are increasingly using multi-slope or hip roofs, where, along with triangles, there can be irregular rectangles, rhombuses and other geometric shapes.
Therefore, if the school knowledge of geometry is still fresh in your memory, you can calculate the roof area yourself, and if you are not at ease with geometry for a long time, then it is better to order the calculation of the roof area by a knowledgeable specialist or use special online tools. We will talk about this in our article.
Roofing plan
If the rafter system is already ready, and there is no project of the house where the roof plan should be, then you will have to draw up the roof plan yourself.
drawing up a roof plan
The entire roof is measured and a drawing is drawn up, which will show the roof in plan. In addition, you need to measure the height of the roof, from the ridge to the ceiling. If the roof is multi-level and has different heights, measure everything and mark on the drawing where the height of the roof is. If you have the ability to draw, it is better to make an additional drawing of the roof in the projection, for better clarity.
With such a drawing, it is easier to imagine the view of the future roof, to decompose it into its constituent geometric elements and to calculate the roof area . The dimensions of the future roof are not limited to the dimensions of the perimeter of the house. To them you need to add the values \ u200b \ u200bof the roof overhangs, where they are supposed.
Examples of calculating the area of various roofs
A pitched roof is calculated simply - you need to measure the width and length of the building, add the values of the estimated overhangs and multiply the resulting figures. But with pitched roofs, this approach will be wrong, because here you need to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof and all individual elements (dormers and other similar structures).
- Before calculating the roof area, all complex elements roofs are divided into separate components - triangles, squares, etc.
- When calculating the area of a gable roof, you need to multiply the area of each slope by the cosine of the angle of inclination of the roof. This refers to the angle that is formed by the slope and overlap.
- the length of the slope is taken from the ridge to the extreme line of the cornice
- All other roofs with several slope planes are calculated in the same way. The area of each slope is found separately and multiplied by the cosine of the angle, which is formed by the slope and a straight line parallel to the ground.
- After that, all the values obtained are summed up, and the total area of the roof of the house is obtained. .
- If the roof slope is an irregular rectangle, it should be divided into regular geometric shapes and calculated separately for each , then add up all the data received.
Let's give an example of calculation gable roof for a house (8 x 6 m), the length of the rafter leg is 3.68 m, the length of the overhang is 0.5 m, the gable overhang is 0.5 m.
We calculate the area of one slope - Sabcd = Lcd x Lbd = (8 + 0.5 + 0.5) x (3.68 + 0.5) = 37.6 m2.
The area of the entire roof S = 37.6 x 2 = 75.2 m2.
When calculating from the total area, such elements of roofs as chimneys and ventilation ducts, dormers, skylights or skylights, parapets. If the shape of the roof is very complex or the developer is not able to independently make calculations, you should contact specialized web resources, where they offer to calculate the roof area online .
Roofing factor
In addition to calculating the roof area, you also need to make calculations of the roofing material that is required to cover this area. In this case, the figures for the area of the roof and the area of the required roofing material will differ significantly. The fact is that individual roof coverings are laid with overlaps, therefore, the consumption of materials increases. When calculating the roofing material required to cover complex roofs, it is best to use a roof area calculator.
If it is supposed to cover the roof with slate, then the calculation is made as follows: S = (2 x A + B) x (2xA + C) X cos 30,
where S is the total area, A is the width of the overhang, B is the length of the house, C is the width of the house. 30 * - the angle of inclination of the roof. If the length of the house is 15m, the width is 10m, the width of the overhang is 0.5m, the cosine of 30 degrees is 0.87, the total roof area is equal to 202.2 kV m.
- How to find the roof area if metal tiles are used as a covering?
useful formulas for calculating area
You should take into account such nuances as the total length of the skates, valleys, overhangs, cornices. When using metal tiles or profiled metal for complex roofs as a coating, it must be borne in mind that inevitable and very significant waste will follow.
If, for less complex roofs, experts recommend buying roofing material with a margin of 7-15%, then for complex roofs, the stock of material must be increased to 20%.
The calculation of the soft roof is made according to the same formula as for the slate. The consumption of roofing material depends on its type and installation technology. The areas of skates and valleys are counted separately and must be ordered separately, because they are no longer measured in square meters, and in linear.
Before calculating the area for any structures and roofing materials, a calculation is made for the connection of individual elements, which are almost always overlapped. In this case, the consumption of material increases depending on the size of the overlap, the angle of inclination of the roof. Since, the greater the angle of inclination, the smaller the overlap of the roofing material is allowed.
table of roof slope coefficients
When calculating the area for complex roof configurations and a large number of drops, you can perform a miscalculation by applying the slope correction factors from the table to the area of the horizontal projection (or individual sections)
You should not start laying the roofing material without having it laid out on paper in front of your eyes. In this case, the error in the installation of the roofing will be minimized, and you will not have to buy the missing material to replace the spoiled one.
- 9 degrees - coeff. 1.01;
- 14 degrees - coeff. 1.03;
- 18 degrees - coeff. 1.05;
- 23 degrees - coeff. 1.08;
- 27 degrees - coeff. 1.12;
- 34 degrees - coeff. 1.20.
Naturally, there is an overhang.
Calculation for a hipped roof
For a square: a x a.
a is the side length.
b - the width of the shape.
a - the base of the figure,
h - figure height,
How to calculate the roof area of a house
When starting construction, the question always arises, how to quickly and correctly calculate the roof area? This operation seems to be simple only at first glance. In practice, however, it turns out that the calculation can be quite difficult even for experienced craftsmen. Since the total amount of money spent on the construction of the roof directly depends on its correctness. Given the high cost building materials and cost installation works, you can try to reduce the cost of the entire project. Let's try to figure out what is needed to perform correct quadrature counting.
Friends, U-ra, it happened and we are glad to present you an online calculator for calculating the roof area, now you do not need to figure out anything on a piece of paper or in your mind, everyone just indicated their parameters and received an immediate answer. Now you will know exactly how much material you need to cover the roof. Here is a link to the calculator -> Roof area calculator, online roof calculation. In addition, we have many other construction calculators, you can see a list of all on this page: Construction calculators
The main stages of work
Calculation of the roof area should always start with:
- familiarization with the future project of the roof of the house and memorizing the most key parameters: the length of the ridge, the angle of inclination, height, width and length;
- determining the type of roofing material to be used.
One of the most important characteristics is a special design factor, which is present in absolutely all formulas. Its value depends on the angle of the roof slope and is determined by the following ratios:
- when the slope of the slopes is 9 °, the coefficient will be 1.01;
- for 14 ° - 1.03;
- for 18 ° - 1.05;
- at 23 ° - 1.08;
- at 27 ° - 1.12;
- for 34 ° - 1.2.
The indicated range of angles of inclination of the roof are the most popular options used in construction in our latitudes. It is possible to determine the parameters of a structure with a complex geometric shape by dividing it into separate small figures, which can be easily calculated by summing the obtained values at the end. Experts recommend adding about 10% to the result obtained, which is the standard amount of stock in construction.
Formulas and definitions
The easiest calculation option is to determine the area shed roof with any bias. Houses with this kind of roof usually cover simple materials and the most common shape is a rectangle. To calculate the roof area, we need to know the length of the slope and its width, which should be multiplied among themselves with a predetermined design coefficient.
It should not be forgotten that the value of the area of the slope overhang, which is mandatory for roofs of this type, should be added to the area of the gable roof of the house.
To calculate the area of a gable roof of a house, it is necessary to take into account significantly more values and factors. So, for a slope with a length of 6 linear meters and a ridge of 9.5 linear meters, the calculation formula will take the following form: the length of the ridge should be multiplied by the length of the slope and multiplied by the number of slopes (in our case, 2). If you need to calculate the amount of metal tiles for this roof, then you should first determine the dimensions of one sheet of roofing material. The formula that will allow you to calculate the number of sheets of metal tiles is as follows: the length of the ridge is divided by the width of the roofing sheet and rounded to a larger value. To carry out such calculations, it is important to know well the geometric parameters of the roof of the house and the geometric parameters of the roofing material.
Final conclusions
The area when using other materials can vary significantly. For this reason, each particular case requires an individual approach, careful analysis and competent calculation. Most difficult situation arises when it is necessary to calculate the quadrature of complex roofs. To get a reliable result, you should adhere to a few simple rules.:
You should know that when calculating the area, it is important not to forget to take into account ventilation ducts, dormers, chimneys, parapets, hatches and other elements. In case of violation of this rule, there is a high probability of a shortage of building materials when arranging the roof. A correct and competent calculation of the area will provide all the conditions for the optimal spending of financial resources associated with the purchase and we will open the material when erecting the roof of the house.
How to calculate the roof area of a house. Formulas, diagrams and calculation
Calculating the roof area for those who know how to use a tape measure and calculator will not be difficult. Because the whole calculation comes down to calculating the areas of individual slopes, and if the roof of the house is not complicated, but the usual two- or four-slope, then it will be even easier to calculate the area.
There are a huge variety of types and geometric shapes of roofs of private houses, but the roof slopes themselves are, as a rule, of four geometric shapes:
- rectangle
- trapezoid
- equilateral triangle
- parallelogram
In this article, we will consider the area only pitched roofs, the area of flat and inverted roofs will not be calculated, because the area of such roofs, in most cases, will be equal to the area of the house or its part under this roof.
And if you learn to calculate the area of each such slope separately, the formulas of which are presented below in the diagrams, then it will be very easy to calculate the total area of the roof.
It must be remembered that the more slopes on the roof, the correspondingly it will be more difficult not only in terms of construction, but also roof insulation, decoration and maintenance. And during the construction itself, a lot of unused scraps will remain, which will become unnecessary financial costs.
And so, before you get a calculator and start counting, you need to have a roof plan on hand. If there is none, then you will have to take a tape measure, a sheet of paper, a pencil and start measuring the slopes.
What sizes of slopes are needed, and what exactly to measure, depends on the type of roof of a private house, which are described in detail in one of the previous articles, and here I will tell you how to correctly apply the calculation of the area to a specific type.
Calculation of the area of a shed roof
This is the simplest calculation that can be done without a detailed roof plan.
It is necessary to measure the length C and width D of the ramp.
It is not difficult to calculate the length of the slope, it is necessary to measure the length of the building and do not forget to add roof overhangs on both sides. If the width of the slope cannot be measured for some reason, then you will have to measure the height of the roof B and the projection of the slope A (according to the diagram). Then we apply the Pythagorean theorem and find the width of the slope C.
Calculation of the area of the gable roof of the house
The calculation of such a roof, I think, will also not be difficult.
Calculation of the area of the hip, half-hip and hip roof of a private house
To calculate, you need to mentally break the hip roof into four separate slopes, as shown in the diagram, and then calculate each slope separately.
After splitting, you should have two trapezoids and two equilateral triangles if the opposite slopes are equal.
Now let's calculate the areas of these geometric shapes using simple geometric formulas, then add the resulting areas of the figures. This completes the calculation, as you have seen, there is nothing complicated here.
Half hip roof area a private house is considered in the same way, except that the triangular slopes will be smaller than that of the hip, and the main large slopes must be divided into two geometric shapes, a trapezoid and a rectangle, calculating their area separately.
Counting technology hip roof area the house is no different from the hip one, we also break the roof into four slopes, only here you should already get four equilateral triangles. The area of these triangles is calculated in the same way as in the previous examples.
Calculation of the area of a complex roof with numerous slopes
Such roofs, as a rule, include domed and multi-gable roofs of private houses, containing a large number of different slopes.
Although the formulas for the calculations are very simple, it will still not be easy to calculate the area of such a roof. The whole difficulty will lie in a large number measurements, because each slope will have to be measured separately, and the more difficult the roof is, the more difficult it will be to do it. Having an accurate roof plan can make the task easier.
Complex roof area calculation technology
First, we break the roof into separate flat slopes. As mentioned at the very beginning, the slopes of a complex roof can be in the form of three geometric shapes:
- equilateral triangle
- rectangle or square
- trapezoid
- parallelogram
Calculation of material for the roof of a private house
Calculating the material for the roof is much more difficult than calculating the area of the roof itself. Sometimes the roof area is half the area of the ordered material. In order not to make mistakes in the calculations and not to buy too much, and it is even worse when there is not enough material, you need to contact the specialists from the company from which you will order the material. Most organizations have this service free of charge. They will very accurately calculate the number and size of the sheets and give you the layout on the roof.
Since roofing materials, as a rule, have a rectangular shape, and roof slopes are not always, the sheets will have to be cut and adjusted to the corners of the slope. And what harder roof, the more unnecessary scraps you will have. It must be remembered, no matter what material you choose for roofing, during installation, the layout of the sheets should always be at your fingertips so that you do not cut off the wrong sheet when cutting.
How to calculate the roof area correctly
The construction of every house does not begin with digging foundation pits or pouring foundations.
Construction begins with the development of the project and the implementation of calculations.
With the roof, everything happens in the same way: before proceeding with its construction, a careful calculation of the height, the size of its surface is performed, the number of structural elements and the amount of material for the roofing cake is determined.
The strength and reliability of the roof, as well as the amount of financial resources that will be spent on its device, depend on the correctness of the calculation performed.
The surface calculation always starts with:
- measurements of the main parameters of the roof: slope angle, ridge length, length, width and height;
- determining the type of roofing material that is planned to be used in the future when installing the roof.
One of critical characteristics is a calculation factor used in almost all formulas in calculations.
The value of such a coefficient depends on what is the angle of inclination of the slopes on your house.
For the most popular tilt angles, the coefficient is:
- 9 degrees - coeff. 1.01;
- 14 degrees - coeff. 1.03;
- 18 degrees - coeff. 1.05;
- 23 degrees - coeff. 1.08;
- 27 degrees - coeff. 1.12;
- 34 degrees - coeff. 1.20.
If the shape of the roof is complex, irregular in shape, then during calculations, its surface is divided into separate correct figures, the area for which is considered elementary.
And in the end, the results are summarized.
Calculation procedure for a pitched roof
This is geometry from the school course.
Houses on which a pitched roof is arranged are usually covered with simple materials.
And the rectangle is the most common shape.
Therefore, it is enough to measure the length and width of such a rectangle and multiply them.
You should also not forget the coefficient mentioned above.
We calculate the gable roof
Surface calculations gable roof more difficult.
And there are many more factors to be taken into account in such calculations.
To begin with, we decompose all complex elements, as mentioned, into separate simple shapes: rectangles, squares, triangles.
Indeed, on the roof, each corner is formed only by an overlap and a slope.
Therefore, in order to calculate the roof surface, it is necessary to multiply the area of each slope by the slope cosine.
With this calculation, the length of the slope is the distance from the ridge to the eaves line.
Any roof with any number of slopes is calculated in exactly the same way.
You just need to sum the resulting surfaces of all slopes, multiplied by the cosines of their angles.
If the roof element has a complex irregular shape, then it is also divided into several simple geometric shapes and the area of each of them is considered.
Then all surfaces are summed up.
Let's see how this is done in the following example: the house measures 10 x 8 meters.
The rafters are 4.5 meters long.
Naturally, there is an overhang.
The overhang length is standard - 50 cm.
First, we calculate which surface one slope has:
S = (10 + 0.5 + 0.5) x (4.5 x 0.5) = 55 square meters.
Since the building has two such slopes, the total area will be 55 x 2 = 110 square meters.
Despite the fact that on any roof there are ventilation ducts, chimneys, dormer and attic windows, parapets, they are not subtracted from the resulting area value.
We consider a hipped roof
Then you should determine how difficult each of them is.
The simplest hipped roof has a pyramidal shape.
Therefore, when calculating its surface, the formula for the pyramid is used.
If all the slopes are of the same size, then it is enough to calculate the area of one of them and then multiply by four.
In the case when the hipped roof has a complex shape, then it is divided into simple figures and the surface of each of them is calculated separately.
Indeed, for such a roof for different slopes, the angles of inclination can differ significantly.
It should also be remembered that the dimensions are taken not along the perimeter of the building, but along the overhangs of the cornices.
We calculate the hip roof
In order for the calculation of the hip roof to be performed correctly, the following must be taken into account:
- window size and chimney size;
- the length of the slope (between the ridge and the cornice);
- parts that are not included in the roofing (overhangs, parapets, etc.);
- when performing the calculation, the abutment of roofing plates, cobbled protrusions, standing seams are not taken into account.
Calculation of the surface of a hip roof consists in finding the area of two end triangles and two trapezoids.
In any case, if the hip roof has a complex shape, it is divided into several simple shapes and calculations are performed separately for each of them.
And then the calculation results for each shape are summed up.
You should be aware that even though a hip roof is the best roofing solution, its device is not cheap.
Calculation for a hipped roof
Hip roof is one of the varieties hipped roof.
So let's say this is a classic roof with four slopes.
This construction is based on a quadrangle.
And the slopes are isosceles triangles, converging at the central top point.
Such a roof is the most economical, since gables are completely absent in it.
More about the device of the hipped roof with your own hands.
O soft roof Unique is here. The whole range is presented construction company"Unicma".
Since the ramp is equal to an isosceles triangle, then:
b is the length of the base of the triangle;
S is the area of the triangular slope.
Calculation of a broken attic roof
The area of the sloping attic roof, despite the apparent complexity, is quite simple to calculate.
To do this, you should, first of all, make a roof plan indicating all dimensions.
The entire roof will be a set of simple geometric shapes: triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids.
For a square: a x a.
a is the side length.
b - the width of the shape.
a - the base of the figure,
h - figure height,
a and b are the sizes of the upper and lower bases.
After calculating the area of each of the simple shapes into which the polyline is divided mansard roof, the results obtained are summarized.
Video about the construction calculator for calculating the roof.
Sergey Novozhilov - an expert in roofing materials with 9 years of experience practical work in the field of engineering solutions in construction.
We offer a professional free calculation of the gable roof truss system using online calculator website, 3D visualization and detailed drawings. Detailed calculations of the roof and roof, all materials, lathing, rafters, Mauerlat. Try calculating a gable roof now!
Our online calculator rafter system will calculate the gable roof:
- calculation of the length of the gable roof rafters
- number of rafters and step
- calculation of the area of the gable roof and the angle of inclination
- calculation of the roof lathing
- the number of sheet roofing materials (for example, corrugated board, metal tiles, slate)
- parameters of vapor barrier and insulation
To form the calculation of the gable roof calculator, you need to measure and enter the following dimensions in the appropriate windows:
The cross-section (thickness x width) and the pitch of the rafters depend on the angle of inclination of the roof, its type, the length of the rafter leg, the maximum withstand basic loads, as well as the type and weight of the roof covering (and even, to some extent, on the width of the insulation). If you do not know where to get the standard parameters of rafters and battens, our article "" will help you.
The calculator calculates the materials for the roof, starting from the dimensions of the roofing sheet you entered and from the calculated value of the roof area. We advise you to buy the amount of roofing materials for the roof, boards and beams for the rafter system with a small margin, it is always better to hand over the leftovers to hardware store than paying a lot of money for the delivery of a missing pair of boards.
Be careful! From how accurate the values you enter, the online calculator will be able to calculate the gable roof so reliably.
Simplify your calculations and save time, the program will draw itself rafter plangable roof and will display the results of calculating a gable roof according to the data you entered in the form of a drawing of a gable roof in different viewing angles, and its interactive 3d model.
On the tab “ 3 D- View»You can better see your future gable roof in 3D. In our opinion, visualization in construction is a very necessary feature.
If you have in your project gable roof with different slopes, you should calculate with the calculator twice - for each slope separately.
Online roof and roof calculators are must-have tools in the arsenal of architects and professional construction firms. Although, in principle, such calculators are also useful for simple owners of suburban areas who have started building a house with their own hands (here you will also need to calculate the roof). And it is not surprising, because the quality and accuracy of such calculations directly affect not only the durability of the entire roof structure but also the general view of the house. This section of the site contains the best calculators for calculating the roof, which will help you in the most common cases when self-construction at home! Here you will find useful tools by calculating the area of the three-gable roof, the amount of slate, the area of the hipped roof, the length of the rafter legs, the height of the ridge and much more! All online calculators have been created by experienced professionals, each tool is accompanied by detailed explanations and instructions for calculating.
What are the advantages of our online calculators? They differ from their numerous (and often paid) counterparts in that they do not need to be downloaded to a local computer. Complex, thoroughly tested algorithms are used to carry out calculations, and the results of calculations are displayed in a simple and accessible form. Another advantage is that you can add a page with an interesting online calculator to your browser bookmarks and use it at any time!
On a note! When making calculations online, construction standards, GOSTs and SNiPs, which are adopted in the Russian Federation and the world, are used. In addition, the world practice of modern construction is taken into account.
There comes a time when the first steps are taken to make the dream of your own house, dacha come true: purchased land plot, a place for construction has been determined, trial sketches of the house have been drawn. The support of the house must be reliable, bear the weight load: walls and partitions with a finishing layer; rafter system; roofing and insulation materials.
- slope of the slopes;
- ridge height;
- area;
- type of roof.
On the Internet, there are many online calculators to help novice builders. Self-computing is more reliable.
Calculation of the angle of inclination, height and area for a gable and hipped roof
The considered quantities are closely interrelated. Starting point for the calculation method:
- design;
- execution of work on the finished drawing;
- quality control, restoration work.
The gable roof design is familiar to everyone. A more complex option is a four-slope:
- hip - consists of a ridge (run), two pairs of trapezoidal and triangular slopes;
- hip - connection at one point of four triangular slopes with the same bases.
The slope of the slopes and the height of the ridge
1. Roofing material- the final layer, which takes on the impact of precipitation, wind and snow loads. For each type, there are restrictions on the use, depending on the minimum, maximum angle of inclination of the slopes, examples:
- Roll: different kinds Roofing material and membrane coatings, rubemast - 0 ~ 14 °.
- Galvanized steel - 8 °.
- Slate (asbestos-cement) - 15 °.
- Soft tiles - 11 °.
- Decking - 12 °.
- Metal tile - 14 °.
- Ondulin - 6 °.
2. The climatic zone of construction - determines the frequency of fallout, the abundance of precipitation, the wind rose. For calculations, the territory of Russia is divided into 8 zones. Collected and tabulated average statistical data:
- rate of complete snow load for 1 m²;
- wind load.
The tabular values are used to calculate snow and wind loads, which are directly proportional to the angle of inclination. You can calculate using calculator programs, having studied the calculation methodology or contacting a specialist.
3. Planning the organization of the attic. The device in the attic of the dwelling affects the rafter system. According to SNiP, the minimum permissible room height is 2.5 m. The higher the ridge is, the greater the angle of inclination of the slopes. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the preservation of aesthetics, therefore, broken (attic) structures are installed on small houses.
4. Aesthetics. The positive visual perception of the house as a whole cannot be ignored. The same roof and wall heights (1: 1) look pretty awkward. According to the principle of the "golden ratio", the ideal ratio is 32/68 = 1 / 2.125, which is 42-43 °.
Features of calculating a hipped roof
1. Hip:
Determination of the angle of inclination of the hip: tgα = K / Z - from the Bradis table we calculate the value in degrees.
The ridge height is calculated in the same way as for a gable roof, relative to the center or intermediate rafters. With a standard architectural solution: Z = 1/2 A. Otherwise: Z = 1/2 (B-Lk).
2. Calculation of the height of the ridge and the angle of inclination of the tent structure. Distinctive feature:
- four triangular slopes converge at one point;
- the base of the roof is a square.
As in the previous case: tanα = К / Z, К = Z х tanα.
Determination of the angle of inclination of the roof of the constructed building
Calculation may be required:
- when carrying out work independently;
- when replacing the coating;
- to control the quality of construction.
The slope of the roof of the finished structure is determined after measuring the height of the ridge and the length of the span:
- Angle in degrees: tgβ = K / Z, according to the Bradis table for tangents, the value is determined.
- Percentage: K / Z x 100%.
- Angle in relative (correct fraction) units: K / Z, simplify the fraction (in the numerator 1) - in the drawings architectural projects this measurement system is most commonly used.
Roof area
At the design stage, it is necessary to perform trial calculations of the effect of the weight of the roof, depending on the quadrature and type of material.
Equivalent ramps:
Lk and K are the length and height of the ridge, β is the slope, Z is the inception or 1/2 of the span.
Nskat = √ (Z² + К²) = К / sinα, the sine value is easy to calculate according to the Bradis table. Scr = Nskat x Lk x 2.
Asymmetrical design:
- Scr = H1skat x Lk + H2skat x Lk.
- Н1skat = √ (Z1² + К²) = К / sinα, Н2skat = √ (Z2² + К²) = К / sinβ.
2.1. Hip.
We calculate the squaring of the hips (Sv):
- HB = √ (Z² + K²).
- Sv = (1/2 A x Hb) x 2 = A x Hb, A is the distance between the diagonal rafters of the hip.
Let's calculate the squaring of the slopes of the hip structure:
- Lc.stage of the slope = = √ (Z² + K²) = K / sinβ, Sc = 1/2 x (B + Lk) xLts.stage of the slope
- Calculation of the area: S = Sc + Sv.
2.2. Tent.
Н = √ (Z² + К²) = К / sinβ; S = (1/2 A x H) x 4 = 2 x A x N.
It is quite simple to calculate the square of the finished two-, hipped roof. The surface is broken down into geometric shapes. After making measurements, it is easy to find the quadrature of each section, the summation will give the final result.
Roofing area
- weight of the structure;
- loads on walls and foundations;
- the amount of materials;
- calculation of financial costs.
The area of the roof and the roof covering are different, this is due to the laying technology, the need to perform:
- overlap;
- folding;
- installation of several layers.
There is a concept “ effective area», Multiplying it by the number of units (sheet, roll, piece), we get a value equal to the area of the roof.
There are installation requirements for each coating. The size of the overlap, the usable area depends on:
- angle of inclination;
- climatic operating conditions;
- type of material;
- the presence of additional structures on the plane of a four- or gable roof ( chimney, roof windows and others).
Manufacturers provide installation instructions, necessary information. The square of the useful (working) surface must be indicated in the list of characteristics.
Rough calculation of the material (Sм), based on the quadrature of the roof (Sк):
- Determine the amount of Nm = Sk / Sm. Useful.
- Calculate the difference between the quadratures (∆ overlap) of the roof unit (sheet, roll, piece) and its working area.
- Calculate the quadrature of the overlaps: Sn = Nm x ∆ overlap.
- Total value: Sm = Sк + Sн.
This method does not take into account that overlaps and seams are not performed along the edge, in the area of the ridge. But for more accurate calculations, coefficients of 7-15% are used, taking into account cropping and errors in work - the results will be quite close.
The ideal calculation is the execution of a drawing of ramps, hips in scale and the layout of sheet, roll material, tiles. Calculations in this way are more complicated, but they give the most correct result.
You can determine the values of the main characteristics of the structure:
- on one's own;
- using online calculators on specialized sites;
- involving a calculation engineer.
One of the main tasks in drawing up a plan for the construction of houses is the correct compilation of roof area calculations. This article will help you make the right calculations, determine what needs to be done first, as well as how to make calculations for various roofing coatings.
We calculate the roof area
Most frequent question, to whom the developers are asked how to make the correct calculations and at the same time take into account the shape of the roof itself, this task is also quite difficult if there are many complex structural elements in the roof structure.
To accurately calculate the area of \ u200b \ u200bthe roof, the following steps are required:
- The general calculation should include various elements (ventilation openings, roof windows, chimneys);
- Accurately calculate the roof slope from the eaves itself to the lower level of the ridge;
- The calculations should also take into account: overhangs, possible railings, firewall walls, and more;
- Initially, one should take into account for what specific material the area is calculated;
Please note that shingles and roll materials for roofs, reduce the length of the ramp by about 70 centimeters!
To make more accurate calculations, the entire roofing area should be divided into various geometric shapes (squares, triangles and trapezoids), then each element should be measured separately, and at the end, by adding all the necessary indicators, the total roofing area is obtained.
After all the calculations made, you should also determine the slope of the roof relative to the ground. This is done by multiplying each part by the cosine of the angle of their slope.
Important! With a fairly simple roof structure, for example, the gable slope of which has only 30 degrees, then your task is simplified. For such calculations, it will be enough to multiply the cosine by the area of the ramp.
If calculations are required on more complex roofs, we recommend using calculator programs, they reduce the risk of a possible error, which can lead to further problems in operation.
Factors necessary to take into account when calculating the area of \ u200b \ u200bthe roofs
For the correct calculation, it is imperative to take into account the type of this roof itself.
So, for example, for roofs of the combined type, which are often used for buildings of an economic type, the area is calculated by multiplying the length of the building by the width.
For residential buildings, as a rule, attic and mansard types of roofing are used. These types require much more complex calculations, due to differences in designs - multi-pinch, gable, flat, hip, four-pitch, etc.
In this case, the roof area begins with finding the angle of inclination, which in turn depends on the local climate from about 11 to 70 degrees.
Area calculation
Before making all the necessary calculations, it is necessary to take into account some particularly important factors, for example, the features of each individual roof structure. Some options, it is wiser to count not in square meters. meters in sheets or pieces. But for accurate calculation of materials in sheets, it is necessary to have accurate data on the slope and height of the roof. In the calculations, in this case, the most elementary formula is used.
And for galvanized or soft roof a completely different, more complex calculation is applicable:
S = (2 x a + b) x (2 x a + c) / cos (m)
S is in this case the roof area, c and b is the width of the house and its length, a is the width of the overhang, m is the slope angle. The indicators in this formula must be taken with an orientation to the slope.
You should also carefully read the calculation of the roof when different options roof coverings.
To correctly calculate the required number of slate sheets, you should apply simple mathematical formulas, taking into account only the length, width and overhang of the roof.
The calculation formula in this case looks like this:
The total roof area is 2 x (overhang width + building length) x (2 x overhang width + house width) / cos (slope angle).
Copper roofing
For example, the size of the roof is 10 by 15 meters, the slope angle is 30 degrees, and the overhang is 0.5 meters, the area is (2x0.5 + 15) x (2x0.5 + 10) / cos (30) = 16 x 11 / 0.87 = 202.2 square meters.
The metal tile also has its own characteristics. Before working with this material, consider the following:
- Total length, valleys and overhangs,
- the width and length of the structure,
- how many ridges are there
- the sum of their length.
In addition, when calculating the area of \ u200b \ u200bthe roof, it is necessary to take into account the type and number of slopes.
Flexible and soft materials should be calculated according to the following calculation formula: Roof area = (2x the length of the structure + the width of the overhang) x (2x the width of the structure + the width of the overhang) / cos (slope angle). How much material you need for covering depends on the type of tiles used. Also, do not forget that the area of the valleys and skates should be calculated separately.
The following rules are used to calculate soft coatings:
- -All structural elements should be taken into account;
- - An additional calculation of the rafter system and the height of the roof may be required;
- - It should also take into account the overlap of the skates, the overlap and overhang of the eaves;
For example: the size of the building is 5x10 meters, the inclined angle is 45 degrees, the overhang width is 0.5 meters, the area in this case = (2x0.5 + 10) x (2x0.5 + 5) / cos (45) = 11 x 6/0, 70 = 94.2 square meters.
Environmentally friendly, natural materials for roofs of buildings today are quite popular.
For example, wood types of materials, these include: rut, spike or shingle, in essence it is the same tile, but made of wood, the usual dimensions of which are 40x (9-10) centimeters.
If you decide to opt for this particular type of coating, you must take into account that for just one meter in a square, the surface used will take about 80 elements, and wood tiles are laid in three layers. In order to calculate the amount of material for the roof, use the standard formula using the areas of the figures.
When covering the roof with corrugated board, we advise you nevertheless to seek professional help, since when working independently, there is a high probability of inaccuracies. With independent calculations, one should take into account the type of rays and their number.
Important! When calculating an elementary gable roof, you should use the multiplication of width by length. Since the width is calculated according to the ridge, the result should be multiplied by two.
For roofs with more complex structures, calculations are carried out for each of the slopes separately. How much material you need depends on the characteristics and dimensions of the corrugated sheets.
In this case, the following should be taken into account.:
- The dimensions of the roof structures together with the existing holes;
- Overlapping skates and overhangs;
- Overlap size.
Hip roofs are a type of pitched roof, usually produced in the form of a tent or marquee. In this case, the total roofing area should be calculated taking into account the area of individual, small areas, there are four of them: two trapezoidal and two hip, triangular. The calculation of such a hip roof is considered to be one of the most difficult, therefore, for the most accurate implementation, it is recommended to use calculator programs.
Important: Before cutting the individual roofing elements, be sure to complete all the necessary coverage calculations.
The procedure for calculating the roof area
You should also take into account what types of instruments you may need in the calculations.:
- roulette;
- calculator;
- Roofing project with everyone necessary details;
- It's also a good idea to have a dedicated calculator program with you.
Before starting the calculations, be sure to consider what kind of material you will use to cover the roof. To simplify calculations, it is necessary to divide the total coverage area into conventional geometric shapes.
Use a tape measure to measure all the parameters necessary for the calculations.
Slope coefficients are calculated according to the following values and parameters:
- With a slope of 9 degrees (2-12 or 1: 6) - 1.01 (coefficient);
- with readings at 14 degrees (3-12 or 1: 4) - 1.03;
- with readings at 18 degrees (4-12 or 1: 3) - 1.05;
- with readings at 23 degrees (5-12 or 1: 2.4) - 1.08;
- with readings of 27 degrees (6-12 or 1: 2) - 1.12;
- with readings of 34 degrees (8-12 or 1: 1.5) - 1.2;
- with readings of 40 degrees (10-12 or 1: 1.2) - 1.3;
- with readings of 45 degrees (12-12 or 1: 1) - 1.41;
- with readings of 49 degrees (14-12 or 1: 0.86) - 1.54;
- with readings of 53 degrees (16-12 or 1: 0.75) - 1.67;
- with readings of 56 degrees (18-12 or 1: 0.67) - 1.8.
In cases where the roof of the building has a more complex structure, and on its surface there are many various elements, for example: roof windows, ridge, various ledges, etc., the geometric design of the roof should be more carefully worked out. All necessary measurements are usually carried out directly on the surface of the roof itself. You can also make calculations with attic space or from the ground.
Before calculating the area as a whole, it is necessary to carefully measure the individual geometric elements into which the roof is divided.
When calculating the area, do not forget to take the slope into account, because different coefficients are required for different indicators.
Remember! After making all the necessary calculations, it is recommended to add 10% to the resulting indicators, this is done so that, with possible errors in the calculation, you have a stock of material to cover them.
To reduce the risk of errors, experts strongly recommend using professional programs for calculating the area. In this way, you can minimize possible risks and errors in calculations.
It is possible to carry out the necessary calculations of the area yourself, during the construction of the roof of the building. At the same time, it is important to carefully check all calculations and indicators.
