Roman Alekhine airborne troops history of the Russian landing. Roman Alekhine airborne troops history of the Russian landing Places of formation of airborne units in the Moscow region

Map of military operations during the Soviet-Japanese War.

On September 9, 1945, the airborne guards, together with the whole country, celebrated Victory Day over Japan. For exemplary performance of command assignments in battles against Japanese troops on Far East, during the breakthrough of the Manchu-Uzhaleykur and Khalun-Arzhan fortified areas, overcoming the Greater Khingan mountain range, capturing a number of cities and displaying valor and courage by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 1st Guards. The Airborne Forces was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin expressed gratitude to all personnel of the division.

In October 1945, the commander of the guard division, Major General D. F. Sobolev, left to study at the Academy of the General Staff Armed Forces(General Staff of the Armed Forces) USSR. The division was taken over by Guard Colonel A.I. Malchevsky. In November, the division arrived in Nizhne-Udinsk, where it became part of the troops of the East Siberian Military District.

In an extract from the Journal of Combat Operations of the 18th Guards. SK has no data on irretrievable and sanitary losses of the 1st Guards. VDD for the period from August 9 to September 2, 1945. Considering that the division’s soldiers participated in only one short battle, there were no combat losses at all.

During the Soviet-Japanese War, Soviet paratroopers had to fight more with nature than with the Japanese. But that doesn’t make their feat any less. According to data from the report of division veteran V.B. Lyashkov, participating in the Khingan-Mukden offensive operation, the 1st Guards. The Airborne Forces crossed 1000 km of deserts and the Greater Khingan ridge. The transitions were carried out in conditions of sweltering heat and insufficient water. And, despite this, the division’s soldiers, seasoned in the battles of the Great Patriotic War, again showed high fighting qualities. The division's passage through the Gobi Desert can be called one of the brightest pages in the history of the Russian Airborne Forces.

List of sources and literature:

1.1st Guards Airborne Division [Electronic resource]. Access mode:

2.1st Guards Zvenigorod - Bucharest Airborne Division [Electronic resource]. Access mode:

3. Alekhin R.V. Airborne troops: the history of the Russian landing. - M.: Eksmo, 2009.

4. Extract from the combat log of the 18th Guards SK for May-June-July-August 1945. TsAMO Archive, Fund 409, inventory 10057, file 535 // website “Memory of the People 1941-1945”.

5.Report at the meeting of veterans of the 1st Guards. Airborne Forces in the mountains Moscow 16.12.82 “Military and labor feats of fellow soldiers for the glory of the Fatherland” (funds of the Ural State Military History Museum, NV 1802.1 – 1802.4).

6. Nenakhov Yu. Special forces in the Second World War. - Mn.: Harvest, M.: ACT, 2000.

7. Nechaev V.N. 50th Guards Tank Brigade/B. S. Lebedev; 1st Guards Airborne Division. – Saratov: Privolzh. book publishing house, 1991.

8.Novokhatsky I.M. Memoirs of the battery commander. Divisional artillery during the Great Patriotic War. 1941-1945. - M.: ZAO Centpoligraf, 2007.

9. Sobolev, Dmitry Filippovich [Electronic resource]. Access mode:

10.Soviet airborne forces: Military-historical essay. – M.: Voenizdat, 1980.

11.Soviet airborne forces: Military-historical essay. – 2nd ed., rev. and additional – M.: Voenizdat, 1986.

Senior Researcher A. S. Mamakin

A paratrooper is, first of all, a hard worker. And, I note, not everyone can withstand constant training, field trips, and parachute jumps. However, for the rural boys who serve in the 103rd Separate Guards Airborne Brigade, all this has already become the norm. On the eve of the Day of Paratroopers and Special Operations Forces, an SG correspondent visited this military unit in Vitebsk.

A NATIVE of the village of Dyagovichi, Krichevsky district, senior lieutenant Ivan Yartsev dreamed of becoming a paratrooper since the seventh grade - after he first watched the legendary action movie “In the Special Attention Zone.” True, Ivan’s mother had other plans: she saw her son as a doctor, and after nine classes she sent him to Mogilev Regional Lyceum No. 4, in Krichev, where the guy studied chemistry and biology in depth for two years. However, having received the certificate, he applied not to the medical university, but to the combined arms department of the Military Academy. Although this came as a slight shock to the family, in the end the parents came to terms with their son’s choice.

While studying, Ivan had the chance to attend an internship in the 103rd Separate Guards Airborne Brigade. So chance helped
make your teenage dream come true.

Senior Lieutenant Ivan YARTSEV.

From the very first day, the trainee found himself in the thick of the daily combat life of the formation:

- Training in hand-to-hand combat, working with weapons, field trips - everything was very interesting. But the biggest impression was made by the parachute jump. I liked it so much that when it came time to choose where to go according to the assignment, I didn’t think for a long time.

Senior Lieutenant Yartsev has been serving in the brigade for three years and has made ten parachute jumps, three of them on water. This, by the way, is one of the most difficult landings, since at an altitude of 200-300 meters above the ground you need to gradually unfasten yourself from suspension system so that the canopy does not cover the parachutist and drag him to the bottom.

Before a real jump, paratroopers practice landing correctly.

IN GENERAL, before making their first jump, military personnel undergo thorough training. First, the theory is studied in detail, after which the ground elements of the jump, actions during convergence, and correct landing on various objects are practiced at the airborne complex: houses, trees, power lines, lakes, and so on. Every movement must be brought to automatism - there will be no officer in the sky who will tell you how to do everything correctly.

- Even the smallest mistake in the sky, where everything is decided by a split second, can become a serious threat to life,- says Ivan Yartsev. - That's why we train all day long.

Before departure, you must also undergo an in-depth medical examination. Doctors pay special attention to the musculoskeletal system, since fighters jump with weapons and in full uniform, and this is excess weight, which increases the rate of decline. To understand the sensations
paratrooper, imagine that you are jumping from the second floor, taking an additional 20-kilogram load on your shoulders.

Junior Sergeant Sergei LYSENKOV.

Junior Sergeant Sergei Lysenkov remembers his first jump:

- It was in February. We climbed 800 meters by helicopter. Honestly, at the moment of the jump I just closed my eyes and didn’t think about anything: I heard the command and went. I’m flying and I hear the safety lock bursting. I count down another three seconds and finally feel the dome opening. Aligned with the wind to land oncollection point, and closer to the ground brought the legs to the correct position.

After that, a native of the village of Zhilichi, Kirov region, jumped with a parachute twice more. After the service, the junior sergeant plans to remain in the brigade under a contract: firstly, he has good prospects here, and secondly, Sergei wants to extend the family dynasty - his grandfather once served in Brest in the 38th separate air assault brigade, and two older brothers repaid their debt to the Motherland in the 5th separate brigade special purpose, which is based in Maryina Gorka.

Private Alexey SOROKIN equally loves both air and ground equipment.

Private Alexei Sorokin from the agricultural town of Borkovichi, Verkhnedvinsk region, to whom the army has already given a lot of useful things, has similar thoughts. During his eight months of service, the guy improved his physical shape, expanded his technical knowledge, and even took part in the Independence Day parade:

- Was the driver of the BTR-70M-B1 - a modernized version of the BTR-70. Before this we trained intensively for five weeks. I admit, it was hard, but when I moved in the column, I was filled with pride for the country and joy that I ended up in the paratroopers.

New recruit Roman SERGEEV.

But Private Roman Sergeev from Orsha is just getting used to serving as a paratrooper. He joined the army only two and a half months ago, however, and in that short time he had already discovered a lot of interesting things:

- I liked going through the psychological phase. Our group had to find important documents in a broken column of equipment. And this had to be done under continuous fire from the mock enemy, who fired at us from machine guns and cannons. Everything looked so natural that the commanders even had to encourage some of the fighters.

Senior Lieutenant Yartsev explains: the psychological streak helps young soldiers develop skills and emotional stability that they may need in real combat. But in order to ensure that this never happens, and today faces a difficult military science all personnel of the 103rd Separate Guards Airborne Brigade. They understand: their main task is a peaceful sky over the country.

Airborne bases in the Moscow region. 1941-1945

G.V. Rivne

Places where airborne units are formed in the Moscow region:

Vnukovo– 10 airborne infantry battalion, 8th airborne infantry brigade (1943), 7th airborne infantry brigade, 10th airborne infantry brigade (1943/4), 7th airborne infantry brigade (1943);

Dmitrov– 1942 - 3rd and 4th maneuverable airborne brigades and brigades of Pacific sailors. fleet - 10 guards VDD ( Dmitrov, Yakhroma, Katuar, Orudyev o):.2 zap. Airborne Division (1943), 19th and 20th Guards Brigade (1943);

Zvenigorod– 12th Guards Brigade (1943),

Lyubertsy– 1st Airborne Division, 1942 - School of Airborne Instructors, 4th Airborne Division (1943), 11th Guards Brigade (+ Kopotnya, 1943);

Art. Monino– 16th Guards Brigade (1943);

Noginsk– 6th Airborne Corps (1942 – Glukhovo, Elektrostal), 6th Guards Infantry Division (1943), 6th Guards Infantry Brigade (1943);

Ramenskoye- 5th Airborne Division, 7th Guards Airborne Division (1943), 9th and 10th Guards Brigade (1943);

Stupino– 17th Guards Brigade (1943);

Fryazino– 3rd Guards Brigade (1942/3), 3rd Guards Brigade (1943), 13th Guards Brigade (1943/4);

Shchelkovo– 8th Airborne Brigade (1942 - 19th Airborne Brigade, 17th Art. Chkalovskaya, 18 – Raiki), 3rd Airborne Division (1943), 13th Airborne Brigade (1943/4);

Yakhroma– 18th Guards Brigade (1943).

Bases of the Moscow Military District

Kirzhach(Vlad region) - 9th Airborne Brigade (1943), 5th Airborne Brigade (1943); 14th and 15th Guards Brigade (1943/4).

Teykovo(Ivan region) - 4th airborne battalion, 1st airborne battalion, 1st, 2nd and 8th guard brigade (1943)

1941

By the beginning of the war, there were many airborne units in the Red Army, but their formation was closer to future military operations in the West and in the East in Primorye. Most of them took part in the fierce battles of June-August 1941. In those events, high energy and pressure in the battles of the paratroopers were already noted. The history of the Airborne Forces of this period of the war includes several effective airborne assaults, including in the Moscow region. The best known is the airborne assault in the Vyazemsk operation of 1941-42. But our topic is somewhat different - about the places where new airborne units were formed in the Moscow region, which became airborne bases throughout the war years.

In pre-war times, there were no airborne forces formation bases in the Moscow region. In September, the Airborne Forces became a special branch of the Red Army. The deployment of new corps and brigades of paratroopers began in the Volga Military District and in the Kirov Region.

On December 21, when the German troops were driven back from Moscow, the paratroopers received an Order to redeploy to the Moscow region, where district military commissars began work on preparing their deployment.

VGK Headquarters Directive No. 005920
Commander of the Volga Military District
on the redeployment of airborne formations

ordered:

1. Send the following military formations by rail to the points of new destination:

a) 1st - air-des. body - st. loading Pokrovsk 10.00 12/21/1941;

b) 4th - air-des. body - loading at station Anisovka 12.00 12/21/1941;

c) 2nd airborne. brigade - loading - st. Red Kut 4.00 12/23/1941;

d) 3rd air-des. brigade - loading - st. Nameless 12.00 12/23/1941;

e) 7th air-des. body - loading - st. Nameless 12.00 12/22/1941;

f) 8th air-des. body - loading - st. Red Kut 12.00 12/22/1941;

g) 9th air-des. body - loading - st. Nameless 6.00 12/23/1941;

h) 10th air-des. body - loading - st. Adadurovo 6.00 12/23/1941.

2. Send the indicated formations fully with existing weapons, equipment, special property.

3. Provide those sent with: ammunition - 1.5 rounds of ammunition, fuel - 2 refills. Food - three days for the route and, in addition, a three-day unloading supply.

4. Confirm receipt. Deliver the execution.

On behalf of Headquarters Supreme High Command
Chief of the General Staff B. Shaposhnikov

New town.

This is now the name of the military town of paratroopers (Airborne Communications Regiment) on Shchelkovskoe Highway near Bear Lakes. And it began in pre-war times, when the airfield of the Experimental Test Site of the Airborne Forces was built here.

His boss was the Honored Master of Sports of the USSR in parachuting, Colonel A.I. Zigaev. (pictured, from V. Romanyuk’s book “Notes of a Test Parachutist”)

The flight tests were led by the famous designer of landing gliders, military engineer Pavel Tsybin. Testing of landing parachutes, especially parachutes with weapons and equipment (artillery and light tanks), testing of landing gliders and other landing equipment was carried out day and night.

They say that on the Bear Lakes, in October 1936, the first experiments were carried out on landing T-37A amphibious tanks onto the water.

The first combat vehicle was dropped into Great Bear Lake from the lowest possible height - only 15-20 meters. In total, three T-37A (without crew) were landed in the same way with various options depreciation. However, severe disappointment awaited the designers - all tanks received serious damage the bottoms hit the water and sank. Therefore, further experiments on dropping combat vehicles were stopped.

But amphibious tanks still saw action. They were actively used during the offensive Soviet troops in Karelia in the winter of 1939-1940, during the “winter war” with the Finns. Then the T-37s, having easily crossed the water barrier, captured a bridgehead on the opposite bank of the Svir River...

In September 1942, it was in Bear Lakes that two glider air regiments were formed, each armed with 12 tugs and 30 gliders. Glider pilots flew behind enemy lines at a distance of up to 500-800 km, delivering ammunition.

During the war, glider pilot S.N. served at the training ground. Anokhin, later a prominent test pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union (1956), and G.B. Pyasetskaya, a famous parachutist even before the war. And after the war, Galina repeatedly achieved all-Union and world record results and was awarded the title “Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.”

1942 First stage

Before the New Year 1942, airborne corps began to arrive in the Moscow region.

1st Airborne Division in Lyubertsy.

4th Airborne Division in Ramenskoye,

6th airborne battalion in Noginsk (corps commander, Major General A.I. Pastrevich; (11th and 12th airborne brigade in Elektrostal, 13th airborne brigade in Glukhov - a suburb of Noginsk).

7th Airborne Division to Moscow (comoral corps major general I.I. Gubarevich).

8th airborne battalion in Shchelkovo (corps commander, Major General V.A. Glazkov).

9th Airborne Division to neighboring Kirzhach, Ivanovo Region (corps commander, Major General I.S. Bezugly).

10th Airborne Division in Vnukovo (corps commander Colonel N.P. Ivanov).

Combat training continued again.

To the defense of Stalingrad

By decree of the State Defense Committee dated July 29, 1942, 8 Airborne Forces received an urgent order to reorganize into guards rifle divisions. By STAVKA directives of August 2 and 5, 7 divisions were sent to the South near Stalingrad, where they received a baptism of fire in the Battle of Stalingrad, confirming their title as Guards with their heroism.

These were Shchelkovskaya 35th Guards sd, Kirzhachskaya 36th Guards sd, Lyubertsy 37th Guards sd, Teykovskaya 38th Guards sd, ramenskaya 39th Guards sd., Noginskaya 40 Guards sd, Vnukovskaya 41st Guards sd.

By a directive dated August 5, the command of the 1st Guards Army (5 paratrooper divisions - No. 37-39) was urgently formed in Lyubertsy - commander - General. Lieutenant Golikov N.F.

A week later they already entered into battle on the northern face of the German wedge. Everyone knows what fierce battles took place in Stalingrad. And on the distant approach to it the fighting was no less fierce. The divisions were halved in size in 2 weeks.

During the battles for Stalingrad, General V.I. Chuikov, who commanded the 62nd Army that held the city, especially distinguished the paratroopers Lyubertsy 37th Division of General V.G. Zholudev: "...young, tall, healthy, many dressed in paratrooper uniforms, with daggers and finks on their belts. When hit with a bayonet, they threw the Nazis over themselves like sacks of straw. They stormed in groups. They did not know retreat, surrounded by them, they fought to the last "

Shchelkovskaya 35th Division of General V.A. Glazkov (on the picture). On September 4, 1942, the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper wrote about the 35th Guards. SD: “Where an indestructible defense has been created, where the defenders of the battle line are determined to die rather than let the enemy through, no advantage in tanks, no air impact helps the Germans. In the battles for Stalingrad, many units of the Red Army showed outstanding heroism and resilience. An example is the Guards division, commanded by Major General Glazkov. Stubbornly defending the approaches to Stalingrad, the courageous warriors of this division mercilessly destroy Germans and equipment.”

The general died in these battles, his overcoat, riddled with bullets and shrapnel, hangs in the Museum Battle of Stalingrad as a monument to commanders and paratroopers.

In the ranks of 35 Guards. SD fought with Guard Art. lieutenant Ruben Ruiz Ibarruri, son of the leader of the Spanish Communist Party Dolores Ibarruri, organizer of the struggle of the Spanish people in 1938-1939. with Franco's rebel troops and their German allies. ... Pulrota commander Ruben Ibarruri died of his wounds on September 3. Having learned about the death of her son, Dolores Ibarruri wrote in a letter to Ruben’s comrades, the company’s machine gunners: “... when you defeat fascism and the Red Banner of the proletariat flies over Berlin, I will know that on this banner there is a drop of my Ruben’s blood.”

In February 1943 our divisions were withdrawn beyond the Volga for reorganization. Several hundred fighters remained from them. After the reorganization, the guardsmen still had a long battle ahead.

The words of Ruben’s mother prophetically came true - precisely at the position of the 35th Guards. The SD came out in Berlin as a parliamentary representative of the German army with an agreement to surrender.

1942/43 Second phase

At the empty airborne bases, in August, the formation of a new composition of the same corps and brigades began, which, according to the Order of the NKO, by order of the NKO of December 8, 1942, were also transformed into rifle divisions, leaving the name of the airborne and with the addition of the guards.

Teykovo Ivanovo region - 4th airborne division -. V 1st and 2nd Guards. Airborne Division);

Fryazino and Shchelk. R. - 8th Airborne Division - 3rd Guards Airborne Division;

Lyubertsy – 1st brigade, 2nd and 5th maneuver. vdbr, Control 1 vdk - 4th Guards vdd.

Kirzhach Vlad. region - 9th Airborne Division - 5th Guards Airborne Division;

Noginsk- 6th Airborne Division - 6th Guards Airborne Division;

Ramenskoye- 5th Airborne Division - 7th Guards Airborne Division;

Vnukovo- 10th Airborne Division - 8th Guards Airborne Division.

Moscow region(location not determined) - 204th and 211th Airborne Brigades, 1st maneuver. vdbr – 9th Guards vdd.

Dmitrov- 3rd and 4th maneuverable airborne brigades and brigades of Pacific sailors. fleet - 10th Guards Airborne Division(Dmitrov, Yakhroma, Katuar, Orudevo).

In mid-February, they were sent 30-40 km south of Staraya Russa in order to, according to the plan of Marshal Zhukov (“Polar Star”), participate in the creation of another cauldron like at Stalingrad.

The 1st Shock Army included the 2nd (from Teykovo), 3rd (from Shchelkovo) and 4th Guards. Airborne Division, yes 16th Guards. sk consisted of the 6th (Noginsk) and 9th Guards. vdd. Their task from the south is to punch a hole to the west in the strong German defenses with dense minefields, defended by two infantry divisions.

To the powerful Special Group of Gen. M. Khozin sent the 1st (Teykovo), 5th (Kirzhach), 7th (Ramenskoye), 8th (Vnukovo) and 10th (Dmitrov) Guards to the 68th Army. vdd. Its task is to enter the breakthrough and begin encircling a large group of German troops with a strike to the north. This was part of Operation North Star.

From the Headquarters Order of February 6, 1943: “.. The main forces, in cooperation with the Volkhov and Leningrad fronts, encircle and destroy the Volkhov and Leningrad enemy groups.

5. Confirm receipt, report the decision by 02/16/1943.

Headquarters of the Supreme High Command I. STALIN, G. ZHUKOV

TsAMO. F. 148a. Op. 3763. D.103. L. 253, 254. Original.”

In 2012, I had to prepare a book on the 3rd Guards. Airborne Division, on the anniversary of its formation.

Study the events in these battles in detail.

February 4-5, 1943, units of the 3rd Guards. Airborne forces in vehicles are sent to the North-Western Front to concentration points. Then, by night marches on foot, they arrived at the front line on February 20th.

Heavy snow and warming (everyone was dressed in wet felt boots), lack of tank support led to large losses in the personnel of the 2nd, 3rd and 9th airborne divisions.

3rd Guards the airborne division, which lost more than half of its personnel here, but could not complete part of the task. Despite this, her result of advancing 3 km was the most effective in the 1st Shock Army.

Thus was the baptism of fire of the 3rd Guards. Airborne Division (commander - Colonel I.N. Konev ., on the picture) where she proved that she rightfully bears the title of Guards. But it was paid for in too much blood.

Let's compare two groups of numbers - before and after the operation:

At the end of March, all guards. The airborne divisions were put into reserve, re-formed and made it to the Battle of Kursk, where the final result was already different.

But let's return to the bases left by the paratroopers.

1943 Third stage. Year of the Dnieper airborne operation

By order of the NPO of the USSR No. 0067 dated April 15, 1943 7 new guards airborne brigades (from 1 to 7) were formed on the territory of the Moscow Military District.

The brigades were deployed:

1st Guards Airborne Brigade - Teykovo (location of the 4th Airborne Division, 1st Guards Airborne Division);

2nd Guards Airborne Brigade - Teykovo (location of the 4th Airborne Division, 1st Guards Airborne Division);

3rd Guards vdbr – Fryazino village and the city of Shchelkovo (location of the 8th Airborne Division, 3rd Guards Airborne Division);

4th Guards Airborne Brigade - Ramenskoye (place of deployment of the 5th Airborne Division, 7th Guards Airborne Division);

5th Guards vdbr – Kirzhach(place of deployment of the 9th Airborne Division, 5th Guards Airborne Division);

6th Guards Airborne Brigade - Noginsk (place of deployment of the 6th Airborne Division, 6th Guards Airborne Division);

7th Guards Airborne Brigade - Vnukovo village (place of deployment of the 10th Airborne Division, 8th Guards Airborne Division).

In accordance with the same order, the 2nd reserve airborne regiment from the village. Mokrous, Saratov region, was redeployed to the city of Dmitrov, the 7th reserve airborne regiment from the village. Miuss, Saratov region in Zvenigorod.

The fate of most of these brigades is known.

In September, the 3rd and part of the 5th Guards. The Airborne Brigades were airborne behind the Dnieper to block the Germans' approach to the newly captured Bukrinsky bridgehead.

2nd Guards Airborne Brigade - became part of the newly formed 11th Airborne Division.

4th, 6th and 7th Guards. The airborne brigades strengthened the airborne forces group of the 4th Ukrainian Front, which they wanted to use during the liberation of Crimea. In December 1943, the 4th and 7th Guards Airborne Brigades were returned to the Moscow Military District and on January 15, 1944, they were introduced into the city of Stupino along with the 16th Guards. airborne brigade in the formation of the 16th Guards. Airborne Division (Vostryakovo, Vnukovo, Stupino).

On the night of September 25, 5 thousand paratroopers of the 3rd (entire) and 5th (third) brigades were parachuted across the Dnieper.

Unfortunately for them, a day earlier, the retreating German XXI Panzer Corps was unexpectedly introduced into the same territory through the Kanevsky Bridge, closing the approaches to the bridgehead. Half of the landing force, literally thrown “on the enemy’s head,” died or was captured in the very first days. The wooded area and the mistakes of the pilots saved us from complete defeat - the landing party was scattered over 50-70 km instead of 15 km.

Having broken up into small groups and united with the partisans, the paratroopers fought heroically behind enemy lines. In early November, by order of the command, the joint military brigade (com. - Colonel of the 5th Guards Infantry Brigade M. Sidorchuk, on the picture) captured a bridgehead on the Dnieper from Cherkassy, ​​which significantly facilitated the crossing of the approaching units and their losses in the process.

Traditional exciting meetings in the 1st school with paratroopers have been an important patriotic event in the city of Fryazino since 1978. On the days of the landing anniversaries, Fryazino residents also take part in meetings in Cherkassy and at battlefields.

After assessing the many errors of the operation, Stalin ordered mass airborne assaults to be cancelled.

1943/44 Fourth stage – Svirsky

On June 4, 1943, GKO Resolution No. 3505ss “On the additional formation of 13 Guards Airborne Brigades” was issued.

"Top secret.

State Defense Committee

Resolution No. GOKO-3505ss

On the additional formation of 13 Guards Airborne Brigades

The State Defense Committee decides:

1. To oblige the Chief of the Main Form of the Red Army, Comrade Shchadenko, together with the Military Council of the Airborne Forces of the Red Army, to form by June 25, 1943, an additional 13 Guards Airborne Brigades according to staff No. 035/23 - 035/30, numbering 3,480 people . each.

2. Establish a three-month period of combat training and formation for the newly formed airborne brigades, completing it by October 1, 1943.

3. The deployment of the airborne brigades being formed will be established by the commander of the Moscow Military District, Comrade Artemyev, placing them on the basis of the airborne divisions previously formed in the district.

4. Oblige t.t. Shchadenko, Golikova, Voronov, Vorobyov and Peresypkin to fully staff the newly formed brigades in the following specialties no later than June 20, 1943:

a) well-trained junior command personnel no older than 30 years old, who have combat experience and meet the requirements of service in the airborne forces;

b) ordinary personnel at the expense of cadets of infantry, machine-gun-mortar, artillery-anti-tank, communications and military engineering schools, reduced by Decree of the State Defense Committee No. 3282 of May 2.

The selection will be made from cadets of military schools with at least 3 months of training and fit for service in the airborne troops.

5. Oblige the head of the Main Personnel Directorate, Comrade Golikov, the heads of the main departments and the heads of the military branches to staff the brigades being formed no later than June 15 with selected command personnel with combat experience, if possible from among those who previously served in the airborne troops.

6. The head of the GAU, Comrade Yakovlev, must provide the brigades being formed no later than June 25, 1943 with all required weapons and artillery property.

7. The heads of the central supply departments must fully provide the brigades being formed no later than June 25, 1943.

Chairman of the State Defense Committee
I.Stalin

Military personnel of the Guards also arrived from hospitals to staff the brigades. SD and Guards airborne forces who were wounded at Stalingrad and Staraya Russa. They were in almost every company.

New brigades were deployed:

8th Guards vdbr - Teykovo;

9th Guards vdbr - Ramenskoye;

10th Guards vdbr - Ramenskoye;

11th Guards vdbr – st. Lyubertsy;

12th Guards vdbr - Zvenigorod;

13th Guards airborne brigade - Shchelkovo (three battalions in Shchelkovo, 4th infantry brigade in Fryazino, 7/28/1943);

14th Guards vdbr - Kirzhach;

15th Guards vdbr - Kirzhach;

16th Guards vdbr – st. Losino-Petrovskaya, Monino ( by order- Monino);

17th Guards vdbr - Stupino;

18th Guards vdbr – Yakhroma ( by order- Dmitrov);

19th Guards vdbr - Dmitrov;

20th Guards vdbr - Dmitrov;

The number of each brigade according to staff No. 035/23 - 035/30 is 3480 people.

Six-month combat training of paratroopers began. At the end of December 1943, the brigades were consolidated into guards airborne divisions - the 14th Guards. airborne division (16th, 6th and 13th airborne brigades - headquarters in Noginsk), 13th Guards. Airborne Division (Dmitrov - 18th, 19th and 20th Guards Airborne Brigade), .15th Guards. airborne division (Ramenskoye - 9, 10 and 12 airborne brigade).

1944 airborne rifle divisions cross the Svir on the Karelian front

On January 19, by order of the NKO, the 13th Guards. The airborne division was reorganized into the 98th Guards Rifle Division and reinforced with appropriate artillery. and a tank. regiments, 14th Guards. Airborne Division - in 99 Guards. SD, 15th Guards Airborne Division in 100 Guards. sd. They entered the 37th Guards. page corps, which in the summer of 1944 was sent to the south bank of the Svir to the 7th Army of the Karelian Front.

The famous false landing with stuffed animals on rafts on Svir of 12 volunteers of the 300th Guards. sp. (b. 13th Guards Airborne Brigade, Shchelkovo) made it possible to identify the remaining unaffected Finnish firing points and destroy them, which made it easier for divisions and regiments to cross the Svir.

All 12 paratroopers survived and were nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Thus began the Svir-Petrozavodsk offensive operation. The divisions, suffering losses when breaking through a 20-kilometer defense line that had been heavily fortified for three years, reached the Finnish border through rivers and forests. The Finns asked for peace.

1944/45 Outside the Moscow region.

But the bases continued to exist, receiving returning paratroopers from hospitals and infirmaries.

Creation of a base of landing equipment and equipment in Kolomna.

Memory

The Moscow land remembers the paratroopers of the Great Patriotic War. Many schools have collected a lot of materials about the exploits of heroes who became our fellow countrymen. They lived with our land for six months and sometimes up to a year. There are many examples when after the war they returned to our cities and started families. On the days of the anniversaries of the airborne units, their Veterans Councils more than once organized trips to these cities. We arrived on May 9 and took part in both the procession and rallies.

Streets in the cities of the Moscow region are named in memory of the paratroopers: in Noginsk - Airborne Paratroopers Street, in Fryazino (Paratroopers Passage), in Shchelkovo - Svirskaya Street (on the 99th Svirskaya Guards Rifle Division, the former airborne division), in Ramenskoye - Paratroopers Street, in Kirzhach - street Paratroopers.

Glory to the heroes!

ZIGAEV Alexander Ivanovich, Colonel of the Airborne Forces, born in 1905, in the Red Army from 1922, training. war with Finland in 1939/40. (title of the Red Star hordes"), in Otech. war 24.6.-3.9.41. From awards. sheet March 1943: “has been training paratroopers since 1934. He worked a lot to improve the equipment of parachutes. He was one of the authors of the manual for training paratroopers. He took an active part in supporting all military operations in 1942... He personally redesigned the landing parachute, which sharply reduced injuries during jumps... works a lot on testing multi-seat gliders and other parachute equipment. In preparation, dropping behind enemy lines and supporting the actions of the 4th Airborne Forces, he showed excellent examples of work... he prepared and sent weapons, ammunition and food on time. Worthy of being awarded the horde. Otech. Wars of the 1st degree... Commander of the Airborne Forces, Major General Glazunov. February 22, 1943." In 1943 beginning. 6th Airborne Forces Headquarters Directorate. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.

TSYBIN Pavel Vladimirovich, engineer-lieutenant colonel at the disposal of the Airborne Forces, born in 1905, in the Red Army from 1927, seriously wounded in a plane crash, training. battles on CF X-XII.42. From load sheet for the first order (“Red Star”): “...organized the work of the Airborne Forces glider group and carried out a wide operation to deliver Belorussians. the partisans received more than 40 tons of ammunition and the landing of 150 demolition paratroopers during the most difficult period of the offensive of the punitive detachments...” Famous designer of heavy gliders, cruise missiles, Buran, etc. Awarded many orders.

ANOKHIN Sergei Nikolaevich, born in 1910, famous glider test pilot even before the war, parachute master. sports of the USSR (1941), from Dec. 41 - art. Lieutenant, commander of the test detachment. The Airborne Forces air squadron is testing landing equipment at the Experimental Test. Airborne Forces training ground in Bear Lakes. In August-September 1942, he conducted unique tests of the “T-60 flying tank”, to which wings and a tail were attached. On the Kalinin Front - commander of the flight detachment of the 19th Airborne Brigade, then in the LII Air Force, Hero of the Soviet Union (1956), colonel.

PYASETSKAYA Galina Bogdanovna (1915-2007), lieutenant colonel, Honored Master of Sports (parachute) (1935 - Order of the Red Star).