A territory that has certain boundaries. Definitions: country, territory having certain borders. exercise. The main resources of the economy include
Definitions Country is a territory that has certain borders and enjoys state sovereignty. State – political State organization of a given country (regime, form of government). Society is a social organization. The society of a given country (social structure).
LEARN THE FORM OF THE STATE BY MORE!!! checking Form of State Territorially government structure Unitary Federation Confederation Commonwealth Form of government 1. Monarchy Absolute Limited 2. Republic Parliamentary Presidential Mixed Political regime 1. Democratic 2. Non-democratic Authoritarian Totalitarian Tyranny (historical) Despotism (historical)
1. Territorial structure A unitary state is a form of government in which its parts are administrative-territorial units, do not have political independence, and are subordinate to a single central government.
Federation is a form of state. a device in which parts of a federal state are state entities with a certain political and legal independence.
Typical tests 1. 2. 3. 4. The list below shows the similarities and differences between the concepts “country” and “state”. Select and write down the serial numbers of similarities in the first column of the table, and the differences in the second column. A territory with defined boundaries. Has a certain type of regime of power. The presence of state sovereignty. It has bodies and management structure. Similarities 1 3 Differences 2 4
I. State Z is divided into provinces on a territorial basis. Provincial heads are appointed by the state government. The provinces do not have their own parliaments or constitutions. What is the form of government of country Z? 1. Monarchy. 2. Unitary state. 3. Federal state. 4. Republic. II. The R. organization extended its power to a certain territory. It ensures security and law and order, makes laws, and sets taxes. This organization is 1. State. 2. Political Party. 3. Public organization. 4. Department.
3 types of government. “Correct” and “Irregular” forms (ancient Greek thinkers) Autocracy (tyranny, dictatorship) Oligarchy Ochlocracy Power of one Monarchy Power of the few Aristocracy Power of the majority Democracy
1. Monarchy – f. p., in which the supreme state power partially or completely belongs to one person - the monarch and, as a rule, is inherited. Absolute Monarch - head of state Sole rule Power is sacred Passed by inheritance Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia... Limited (constitutional, parliamentary) Legal limitation of the power of the monarch by the constitution or parliament Great Britain, Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Japan...
2. Republic - (lat. res publica, “common cause”) - f. p., in which all higher organs state power are elected, and citizens have personal and political rights parliamentary Parliament is the leading body It forms the government, which reports to parliament, the president is elected by parliament Italy, Germany presidential mixed President - head of state, government Strong presidential power Elected by direct voting Government formation occurs with the participation of parliament. USA France
1. The President is elected by an electoral college. 2. The President heads the executive branch 3. The President, in agreement with Congress, determines the basis of foreign and domestic policy 4. There is no government. Ministers are appointed by the President
Germany Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel (CDU) Germany is a parliamentary republic. The figure of the president is formal. The Chancellor is the head of government, the leader of the party that won the elections to Parliament. The Chancellor determines the main line of the entire domestic and foreign policy of the country.
President Francois Hollande 1. The President is elected by the population 2. The government is headed by the leader of the majority in Parliament 3. The President determines foreign and defense policy 4. The government determines domestic policy
www. Wikipedia. org Blue - presidential republics, complete guide executive power is the president, the president is the head of government Yellow - mixed republics (semi-presidential, parliamentary-presidential, presidential-parliamentary) - the government is accountable to parliament and the president, parliament influences the choice of the head of government Orange - parliamentary republics, parliament forms the government Red - parliamentary constitutional monarchies, parliament forms the government, and the monarch has no real power
2. Political regime - a set of methods, means, techniques for exercising political power, reflecting the level of political freedom
Signs of a democratic regime, p. 235 Democracy - Greek. demos – people + cratos – power The principle of democracy. The people are the source of power The principle of the majority The right of the minority to opposition The influence of the people on the development of political decisions, parliamentarism The rule of law. Guarantee of human and civil rights and freedoms Pluralism – diversity
Signs of an authoritarian regime, page 234 - Dictatorship of one person or group of persons. Concentration of power in the hands of a small circle of people (elite) - Power is not controlled by citizens, reliance on force - Monopolization of politics in the absence of total control over society - Some freedom in non-political spheres (economics, science, culture). - Rights and freedoms can be violated at any time
Signs of a totalitarian regime, p. 234 Comprehensive control over the individual and society Monopoly on power. A ruler with unlimited power. Cult of personality. Dictatorship of one party. Lack of political opposition, repression Total police control Control over the private lives of citizens Control over the media Centralized economy
Tests B 2. Establish a correspondence between the types of political regimes and their characteristics. Characteristics Types of regimes A. Guarantees of individual rights and freedoms B. The power of a single mass party C. Official mandatory ideology. D. Political pluralism 1. Democratic 2. Totalitarian 1221
The system of methods for exercising state power, the attitude of power to the implementation of individual rights and freedoms is called 1. Form of government. 2. State structure. 3. Politic system. 4. Political regime.
Are the following statements about human rights in a democratic society true? A. Human rights are inherent to all people from birth. B. Human rights can be granted by the state to its citizens. 1. Only A is true. 2. Only B is true. 3. Both judgments are true. 4. Both judgments are incorrect.
1. 2. 3. 4. What characterizes a democratic regime? Command-administrative methods of management. Comprehensive control of the state over the life of society. The dominance of the executive branch. Equality of citizens before the law.
Including a certain type of government regime, bodies and structure of government
a brief description of |
|
1.industrial,
2. pre-industrial,
3. post-industrial.
4 task. The fundamental institutions of society include:
1. family, 5. state
2. healthcare, 6. education (culture and science),
3. production, 7. religion.
4. army and court
Task 5. The struggle for power and its defense is the main issue:
1.economic sphere of society,
2.political sphere of society,
3.social spheres s of society.
6 task. Choose the correct statement
2. Globalization is the historical process of transforming scientific and technological progress into the main driving force of society.
3. The individual’s immediate environment is his parents, relatives, friends.
4. In a broad sense, society must be understood as a specific stage in historical development any people or country.
Part 2. Economic sphere.
5. capital,
7.control.
Task 2. Fill out the chart
 |
|
Task 3 What three functions does money perform:
1.medium of exchange, 5.measure of consumption,
2.measurement method, 6.storage medium.
3.means of acquisition,
4 task. The relationship between supply and demand is as follows:
1.demand grows - supply also grows,
2. supply falls - demand also falls,
3. supply grows - demand also grows.
Task 5. Consumer demand is determined:
1.the amount of individual income,
2. the most necessary needs,
3.fashion, i.e. public assessment of what is worth buying today and what is not,
4. prices for substitute goods,
5.all together.
6 task. The demand-paired category is...
2.profit
3.offer
Task 7. Choose the correct statement.
1. The rarer the item, the higher the price and, therefore, the less people will want to buy it.
2.The economically active population is children, old people and disabled people.
5. Buy cheaper and sell more expensive is the basic law of business.
6. Productive labor does not create goods.
7.When expected revenues equal expected expenses, the budget is called balanced.
Task 8. Find a match
A - marketing B - demand C - price D - competition D - monopoly E - shortage
1-shortage of goods
2- rivalry between people and their organizations in achieving similar goals and results
3- the presence in the market of a small number of sellers, each of whom influences the total volume of supply, the price of the product, and has an exclusive right in any area of government activity.
4- management system for production and sales activities of enterprises, based on a comprehensive market analysis
5- buyers' intention to purchase this product, supported by monetary opportunity.
6-the amount of money (or other goods and services) paid and received per unit of good or service.
Part 3. Social sphere
1.the totality of all statuses,
2. the totality of all norms,
3.interconnection of social relations,
4.social interactions.
A - stratum B - status C - social group D - social stratification
1- process and result of the stratification of society
2- social layer of people who have similar characteristics in terms of income, power, education, prestige.
3rd place of man in the social structure of society
4- a set of people identified according to socially significant criteria.
Task 3 Choose the correct statements
1. In 14th-century England, costume was determined not by taste or style, but by law.
2. Each stratum includes those people who have unequal income, power, education and prestige.
3. Relative poverty - the inability to maintain a decent standard of living.
4. The poor are people who are able to satisfy only physical needs that ensure only biological survival.
5. Ethnicity - a collective name for large consanguineous groups of people forming a tribe, nationality or nation.
6. In the USSR, the poor were a significant majority.
7. Ethnocentrism is a set of incorrect ideas of one nation about another, indicating its superiority.
Part 1 “Society”
1 task. Find a match:
A - 3 B- 1 C - 2 D - 4
1- political organization, including a certain type of government regime, bodies and structure of government
2- territory that has certain borders and enjoys state sovereignty.
3- a part of the material world isolated from nature, but closely connected with it, consisting of individuals and including ways of interaction between people and forms of their association.
4- everything that exists, the whole world in the diversity of its forms and manifestations.
Task 2. Enter the name of the public sphere in the table
a brief description of |
|
Economic sphere | Includes activities: production, distribution, exchange, consumption. |
Spiritual realm | This area includes universities, museums, theaters, cultural monuments, and religious communities. |
Social sphere | Covers classes, social strata, nations, taken in their relationships and interactions with each other. |
Political sphere | Includes the president, government, parliament, local authorities, security forces and non-state associations (political parties) |
3 task. What kind of society is called traditional?
2. pre-industrial,
4 task. The fundamental institutions of society include: 1.3, 5, 6, 7
Part 2. Economic sphere.
1 task. The main resources of the economy include:
1. land, 3. labor, 5. capital, 7, management
Task 2 What three functions does money perform:
A medium of exchange, a measure of value, a means of accumulation.
3 task. The relationship between supply and demand is as follows:
1. demand grows - supply also grows
Part 3. Social sphere
1 task. What is social structure:
1.the totality of all statuses,
Task 2 Find a match
Place of work: MBOU Secondary School No. 3, Borodino, Krasnoyarsk Territory
Option 1.
1. A territory that has certain boundaries and has state sovereignty is designated by the term:
1) state;
2) country;
3) society;
4) community.
2. Are the following judgments about typologies of societies true?
A. According to one of the first typologies, societies are divided into preliterate and written.
B. The typology, which appeared in the 19th century, identifies the mode of production and form of ownership as the main criteria for classifying societies.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
3. About 30 thousand years ago, people developed rock paintings. This is the manifestation:
1) economic progress;
2) technical progress;
3) cultural progress;
4) industrial revolution.
4. Talent and genius are manifested:
1) only in early childhood;
2) only in adulthood;
3) at any age;
4) always from birth.
5. Are the following statements about unmet needs true?
A. Suppression of needs deforms a person’s personality.
B. The unmet needs of large groups of the population can lead to protests against the authorities.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
group of friends;
all of the above is true.
Socialization takes place in:
consumption of material goods;
creation of political parties;
getting an education;
organization of local self-government.
The economic sphere includes:
lack of private ownership of the means of production;
prohibition of competition;
freedom of choice for producers in decision making;
all of the above.
For a market economy to exist it is necessary:
taxation;
provision of benefits;
legal regulation;
all of the above.
The ways in which the state influences the economy include:
middle class in society;
city dwellers;
all of the above is true.
An example of a social group is:
with the advent of Homo sapiens;
with the emergence of the state;
with the development of capitalist relations;
on modern stage development of society.
Nations arise:
the dissimilarity of the characters of the spouses;
lack of common interests;
alcoholism of one of the spouses;
all of the above is true.
The most common reason for divorce in modern society is:
Are the following judgments about conflicts true?
A. Determining the scope of a conflict is related to the severity of its consequences.
B. Major conflicts occur more often than minor ones.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
IN 1. Find similarities and differences between family budget and the state budget.
has legal force;
contains items of expenditure for social needs;
consists of revenue and expenditure parts;
includes management fees;
replenished by taxes from the population.
Similarities
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between concepts and their definitions: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
CONCEPTS DEFINITIONS
A) Social status 1) A person’s place in the social structure
society.
B) Social group. 2) A set of ideas,
existing in society, about behavior,
human rights and responsibilities,
occupying a certain position.
B) Social role. 3) The totality of people identified
for any socially significant
signs.
D) Image. 4) Certain behavior,
appropriate to the person's position
in society.
AT 3. All of the concepts listed below, except one, relate to entrepreneurship.
Small business, profit, corporation, socialization.
AT 4. Find personality-specific statements in the list provided.
A person is a person from birth;
Formed over a long period of time;
Formed in the process of socialization;
Manifests itself outside of society;
Expressed in independent actions.
AT 5. All the terms listed below, with the exception of one, refer to the concept of “functions of money”.
Measure of value, means of payment, profit, world money.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 6. Find the global problems of humanity in the list provided.
Environmental pollution;
Threat of nuclear war;
Limited resources;
Overproduction crisis;
Increasing number of single-parent families.
C1. What is social mobility? Give examples of horizontal and vertical social mobility.
Option 2.
Health care, public services, catering refer to:
economic sphere of society;
political sphere of society;
social sphere of society;
spiritual sphere of society.
Are the following judgments about the consequences of human impact on nature correct?
A. The negative consequences of human activity include the annual reduction of biological species.
B. A global problem are climate changes caused by human activity.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
the action of the law of acceleration of history;
the action of the law of uneven development;
manifestation of regression;
manifestation of technological progress.
By the beginning of the 20th century, some peoples of the North that were part of Russian Empire, did not have their own written language, led a nomadic lifestyle, and worshiped pagan gods. This fact illustrates:
Are the following personality statements true?
A. The need to become an individual is equally developed in all individuals.
B. The need to become an individual manifests itself in the individual both in society and outside society.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
physiological needs;
social needs;
prestigious needs;
security needs.
Singer K. spent a whole year preparing for victory at an international vocal competition. The jury awarded K. first place. This is an example of satisfaction:
business communication;
everyday communication;
speech communication;
ritual communication.
Singer S. was not allowed to leave the stage for a long time after the performance. He smiled, bowed, and the people in the hall gave him a standing ovation. That's an example:
production;
consumption;
distribution;
The market regulates relations in the sphere of:
price increases;
improving the quality of service;
increasing the number of manufacturers on the market;
Competition among producers and sellers in the market leads to:
4) increasing costs of producers for the manufacture of goods
clear state plans for production are adopted;
fixed prices are set;
state taxes are collected from the population;
there is competition.
In a market economy, unlike a command economy:
athlete;
dog breeder;
schoolboy.
Indicate the social status that distinguishes a child from an adult.
economic independence;
high level of prestige;
lack of political rights;
government subsidies and benefits.
Characteristics of the poor class include:
everyday prejudices and stereotypes;
policy of discrimination by the authorities in relation to one of the ethnic groups;
expulsion of people from their territory of residence;
all of the above is true.
The causes of ethnic conflicts include:
13. Are the following judgments about the role of the family true?
A. In the family, the formation of the individual as a personality occurs.
B. The family initially determines a person’s belonging to a certain social stratum of society.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
IN 1. Find similarities and differences between the economic and social spheres of society.
Influences the political sphere and depends on it;
Includes distribution and consumption;
Includes assistance to socially vulnerable segments of the population;
Creates goods and services;
Exists at all stages of development of society.
Select and write down the ordinal numbers of similarities in the first column of the table, and the ordinal numbers of differences in the second.
Similarities
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the stages of development of society and their characteristic features: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES
A) Traditional society. 1) Machine production- defining
development factor.
B) Industrial society. 2) The large role of the church and the army.
B) Post-industrial society. 3) The economy is dominated by the service sector.
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
AT 3. All of the concepts listed below, with the exception of one, characterize the standard of living.
Working conditions, level of education, habits, quality of food, living conditions.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 4. Find the principles of entrepreneurial activity in the list provided.
No personal financial liability.
the presence of economic freedom;
desire to make a profit;
no professional risk;
availability of resources for organizing economic activity.
AT 5. All but one of the words listed below refer to acquired status.
Doctor, man, democrat, gardener.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 6. Find in the suggested list character traits pre-industrial society.
The predominant role of agriculture;
the great role of religion and the church;
industrial development;
class division of society;
high level of scientific development;
predominance of the urban population over the rural one.
C1. What is a tax? Give one example each of direct and indirect taxes.
Option 3.
1. The process of formation of the world community is closely related to the process of:
1) formation of military-political alliances;
2) creation of independent states;
3) globalization;
4) all of the above are true.
Are the following judgments about the characteristics of certain types of societies true?
A. In a traditional society important role allocated to the church and the army.
B. In pre-industrial society, the main groups of the population were entrepreneurs and wage workers.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
transition from gathering to agriculture;
transition from manufacture to factory production;
the emergence of social groups of the bourgeoisie and wage workers;
the emergence of mass culture.
The result of the Neolithic revolution is:
brilliant;
personality;
great personality;
individual.
Every baby born in the world is:
Are the following judgments about the manifestation of needs correct?
A. All people have all needs equally.
B. Higher (secondary) needs have a great influence on the formation of personality.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
education;
socialization;
self-education;
self-control.
After retirement, L. became interested in fishing and joined the community of amateur fishermen. That's an example:
local authorities;
company;
The main division in the production sector is:
arises in a competitive environment;
established by the state;
only suits buyers;
only suits sellers.
Equilibrium price:
there is no exchange;
workers have no motivation to work;
direct taxes;
free pricing.
In a command economy, as well as in a market economy:
Union;
delamination;
moving;
inclusion in the community.
The concept of “stratification” means:
the good over which the conflict occurs;
a situation leading to conflict;
results of the conflict;
the parties are participants in the conflict.
The subject of the conflict is:
most common in agricultural societies;
includes at least three generations of direct relatives;
is a small social group;
does not imply a commonality of life.
Nuclear family:
Are the following statements about the middle class true?
A. In modern Western countries the middle class forms the basis of society.
B. In Russia in the 1990s. The middle class was replenished with refugees, pensioners and foreign workers.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect.
IN 1. Find similarities and differences between innate and acquired status.
Reflects a certain characteristic of a person;
does not depend on merit;
achieved as a result of a person’s personal efforts;
achieved as a result of human choice;
influences the nature of behavior.
Select and write down the ordinal numbers of similarities in the first column of the table, and the ordinal numbers of differences in the second.
Similarities
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the type of needs and their manifestation: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
TYPE OF NEEDS MANIFESTATION
A) Physiological 1) Participation in any social
organizations.
B) Prestigious. 2) Creation of literary works
B) Spiritual. 3) Protection from cold or heat
D) Social 4) Career growth.
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
AT 3. All of the concepts listed below, with the exception of one, relate to market characteristics.
Monopoly, monarchy, oligopoly, competition.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 4. Find ethnic-forming factors in the list below.
Blood relations;
general culture;
lack of intergenerational community;
general area;
single language.
AT 5. All of the concepts listed below, with the exception of one, relate to the ways in which conflicts occur.
Competition, monopoly, rivalry, confrontation.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 6. Find in the list below the factors contributing to the increase in unemployment.
Economic crisis;
economic development;
curtailment of production in traditional sectors of the economy;
mismatch between supply and demand in the labor market;
the state carries out professional retraining of workers;
creation of additional jobs.
C1. What is social status? Give one example each of ascribed and achieved social status.
Option 4.
political sphere to spiritual;
economic sphere to political;
political sphere to economic;
social sphere to economic.
During the revolution of 1917 in Russia, bankers, owners of factories and factories, and large landowners lost their property. This is an example of influence:
2. Are the following judgments about the interaction between nature and society true?
A. The development of human society cannot significantly influence the state of the natural environment.
B. Social progress goes in parallel with natural progress..
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect
3. At the beginning of the 18th century in Russia under Peter 1 there was a rapid growth in manufacturing production. During this period, about 200 new manufactories appeared. This fact is an example:
industrial revolution;
political reforms;
3) economic reforms;
4) regression.
4. Are the following judgments about the role of society in the formation of personality true?
A. Society is capable of both developing the individual and suppressing it.
B. The higher the general cultural level of a society, the less a person is valued as an individual.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect
5.The basic (basic) needs according to the theory of the hierarchy of needs are:
1) physiological;
2) social;
3) prestigious;
4) spiritual.
Communication process:
1) connected with the social environment;
2) not connected with the social environment;
3) connected with the natural environment;
4) occurs only in the family.
production;
distribution;
consumption.
Based on the results of his work for the year, Master K. received a large cash bonus from the company. This example illustrates the relationships in the sphere:
Are the following statements about market action correct?
A. There is a process of price equalization in the market.
B. In a market, prices depend on supply and demand.
1) Only A is correct;
2) only B is true;
3) both judgments are correct;
4) both judgments are incorrect
9. The state budget in the Russian Federation is approved:
1) Central Bank of the Russian Federation;
2) Government of the Russian Federation;
3) Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation;
4) referendum.
10. One of the stratification criteria is:
1) age;
location;
The concepts of “confrontation”, “competition”, “rivalry” characterize6
ways of conflicts;
methods of conflict resolution;
the process of personal socialization;
causes of conflicts.
common historical destiny;
lack of consanguinity;
attitude towards the means of production;
general level of income.
The condition for belonging to an ethnic group is:
nuclear family;
patriarchal family;
single-parent family;
large family.
The Petrovs divorced. After the divorce, Anna Petrovna and her two sons moved to live in the village with her mother. That's an example:
IN 1. Find the similarities and differences between productive and unproductive labor.
A product is created that is a commodity;
Services are provided;
Is a type of economic activity;
Involves reward;
Important for the development of society.
Select and write down the ordinal numbers of similarities in the first column of the table, and the ordinal numbers of differences in the second.
Similarities
AT 2. Establish a correspondence between the social groups of society and their characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
SOCIAL GROUPS CHARACTERISTICS
A) Rich 1) The main occupation is begging.
B) Middle class 2) Availability of large property
B) Poor 3) Providing only a subsistence minimum
D) Beggars 4) A decent lifestyle
Write down the selected numbers in the table.
AT 3. All of the concepts listed below, with the exception of one, relate to forms of wages.
Piece wages, professional wages, lump sum wages, time wages.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 4. Find family characteristics in the list provided.
Fundamental institution of society;
Small social group;
The continuity of generations;
Separate living;
Unity of political views.
AT 5. All the concepts listed below, with the exception of one, relate to the concept of “types of progress”.
Revolution, economic reforms, education, social reforms, political reforms.
Find and indicate a concept that “falls out” from this series.
AT 6. Find product features in the list provided.
Satisfies any need;
Cannot be sold;
Correlates with other goods in value;
Can act as a service;
Exchanged only through direct contacts between the seller and the buyer.
C1. What is unemployment? Name three reasons for unemployment.
Key
Option 1
C1. Social mobility is a change by an individual or group in a social position, a place occupied in the social structure. Horizontal mobility is the transition from one place of work to another without changing social status. Vertical mobility – promotion, career in political activity etc.
Option 2
C1. A tax is a mandatory payment levied by the state from each manufacturer of goods, recipient of income, owner of this or that property. Direct taxes are imposed directly on consumers, income recipients, or property owners. His examples are income tax, property tax, land tax. Indirect taxes are taxes on the sale of goods and services, for example: excise tax, customs duties.
Option 3.
C1. Social status is a person’s social position in society with the ensuing rights and responsibilities. Prescribed social status: gender, age, race. Achieved status: education, financial situation.
Option 4.
C1. Unemployment is a situation in the economy when part of the working-age population who wants to work cannot find a job. Reasons for unemployment: economic recession, seasonal nature of work, changes in demand for certain types of goods, moving to another place of residence or changing jobs.
Assessment.
All correctly completed level A tasks are scored 1 point.
Level B assignments with multiple choice answers are worth 1-2 points. Two points for a correct answer and 1 point for one error.
For tasks in part C – 3 points.
Results evaluation system:
80% of the maximum points – score “5”
60-80% – score “4”
40-60% – score “3”
0-40% – score “2”
Literature: Khromova I.S. Social studies tests for the textbook by A.I. Kravchenko "Social studies". 8th grade. M.: LLC "TID" Russian word- RS", 2010
Definitions CountryA country is a territory that has certain borders and enjoys state sovereignty. StateState is the political organization of a given country (regime, form of government). Society Society is the social organization of a given country (social structure).
Form of state National government system Form of government Political regime Unitary Federation Confederation Commonwealth 1. Monarchy Absolute Limited 2. Republic Parliamentary Presidential Mixed 1. Democratic 2. Non-democratic Authoritarian Totalitarian
What do we understand by the terms “national state” and “multinational state”? Page 24 (textbook by Kravchenko) A nation state is one in which one nation predominates. (Armenia, Greece, Egypt, Poland, Norway, Japan - more than 90% of one ethnic group.) A multinational state is a state with a complex ethnic composition. (Russia, India, Brazil, Indonesia, Iran...)
Typical tests B1. The list below shows the similarities and differences between the concepts of “country” and “state”. Select and write down the serial numbers of similarities in the first column of the table, and the differences in the second column. 1.Territory with defined boundaries. 2.Has a certain type of power regime. 3. Presence of state sovereignty. 4. Has bodies and management structure. Similarities Features Differences 1324
I. A15. State Z is divided into provinces on a territorial basis. Provincial heads are appointed by the state government. The provinces do not have their own parliaments or constitutions. What is the form of government of country Z? 1. Monarchy. 2. Unitary state. 3.Federal state. 4.Republic. II. A15. The R. organization extended its power to a certain territory. It ensures security and law and order, makes laws, and sets taxes. This organization is 1. The State. 2.Political party. 3. Public organization. 4.Department.
1. Monarchy is a form of government in which supreme state power partially or completely belongs to one person, the monarch, and, as a rule, is inherited. P. 32 Absolute Limited (constitutional, parliamentary) Monarch - head of state Sole rule Power is sacred Passed by inheritance Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia... Legal limitation of the power of the monarch by the constitution or parliament Great Britain, Belgium, Denmark, Spain, Japan...
2. Republic - (Latin res publica, “common cause”) a form of government in which all the highest bodies of state power are elected) and citizens have personal and political rights. C parliamentarypresidential mixed President - head of state, government Elected by direct vote of the USA Parliament is the leading body It forms the government, which reports to parliament, the president is elected by parliament Italy, Germany Strong presidential power Government formation occurs with the participation of parliament. France
1.The President is elected by an electoral college. 2. The President heads the executive branch 3. The President, in agreement with Congress, determines the basis of foreign and domestic policy 4. There is no government. Ministers are appointed by the President Presidential Republic
Germany Germany is a parliamentary republic. The figure of the president is formal. The Chancellor is the head of government, the leader of the party that wins the elections to Parliament. The Chancellor determines the main line of the entire domestic and foreign policy of the country. German Chancellor Angela Merkel (CDU) Parliamentary Republic
Blue presidential republics, full control of the executive branch by the president, the president is the head of government Yellow mixed republics (semi-presidential, parliamentary-presidential, presidential-parliamentary) government is accountable to parliament and the president, parliament influences the choice of head of government Orange parliamentary republics, parliament forms the government Red parliamentary constitutional monarchies, parliament forms the government, and the monarch has no real power www. Wikipedia.org
Political regime. Form of state National government system Form of government Political regime Unitary Federation Confederation Commonwealth 1. Monarchy Absolute Limited 2. Republic Parliamentary Presidential Mixed 1. Democratic 2. Non-democratic Authoritarian Totalitarian Tyranny (historical) Despotism (historical)
1. Signs of a democratic regime. Democracy - Greek demos – people + cratos – power Guaranteed rights and freedoms of man and citizen. People's recognition supreme source authorities. People's control over power. Election of the main bodies of the state. Equality of citizens. Subordination of the minority to the majority, protection of the rights of the minority. Pluralism – diversity.
2. Signs of an authoritarian regime. – Concentration of power in the hands of a small circle of people (elite). – Suppression of the opposition. One-party system. – Some freedom in non-political spheres (science, culture). - Rights and freedoms can be violated at any time.
3. Signs of a totalitarian regime. 1. Comprehensive control over the individual and society. 2.A ruler with unlimited power. Cult of personality. 3.Lack of political opposition, repression. 4.The police and army are aimed at suppressing public opinion. 5.Dictatorship of one party. 6.Control over the private life of citizens.
Tests B2. Establish a correspondence between the types of political regimes and their characteristics. CharacteristicsTypes of regimes A. Guarantees of individual rights and freedoms 1. Democratic B. The power of a single mass party 2. Totalitarian C. Official mandatory ideology. D. Political pluralism 1221
A20. Are the following statements about human rights in a democratic society true? A. Human rights are inherent to all people from birth. B. Human rights can be granted by the state to its citizens. 1.Only A is true. 2.Only B is true. 3.Both judgments are true. 4.Both judgments are incorrect.
For review Are the judgments about the state correct? A. In a broad sense, the state is equivalent to the country and the politically organized people on this territory. B. In a narrow sense, the state means only the organization of the supreme power standing above society. Both judgments are correct
