home steps

Do-it-yourself installation of gas boilers in a private house. Correct installation of a double-circuit gas boiler with your own hands. Closed combustion chamber

In a modern private house you cannot do without a gas boiler. It is simple and safe to use. Yes, its installation is very labor-intensive and expensive, but in the end, a gas boiler is the most cost-effective solution for heating a house and heating water. Compared to electric heating devices, it can pay for itself in one winter.

Gas boilers can be single-circuit or double-circuit. Single-circuit ones are intended only for heating, double-circuit ones - for heating and water heating. Also gas boilers vary in power and type of installation.

It is very important to get it right determine the required power equipment. The disadvantages of insufficient power are obvious. Excess power, in addition to the economic component, is also dangerous. Frequent temperature changes cause acid condensation to form in the combustion chamber, which can corrode metal parts boiler

The boiler power is directly dependent on the size of the room. You also need to make allowances for the climatic conditions in which you live. Divide the area of heated premises by 10, and multiply by a factor of 1.2 - 1.5 for the Moscow region, 0.7 - 0.9 for the southern regions, 1.5 - 2 for the northern regions - and you will get the required power. Thus, for a house with an area of 100 square meters located in the Central region, a device with a capacity of at least 12-15 kilowatts.

Power can be adjusted. Low-power boilers have single-stage power control. Medium-capacity heating devices are equipped with two-stage adjustment. High-performance boilers are equipped with modulated power control.

Depending on the type of installation, there are wall-mounted and floor standing boilers. Each type of installation has its own characteristics. But, no matter what kind of boiler we install, before its actual installation we need to fulfill a number of requirements that are established by certain SNiPs.

For devices that are installed on the territory of the Russian Federation, the requirements are determined by SNiP 41-01-2003 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”, SNiP 31-01-2003 “Residential and multi-apartment buildings”, SNiP 42-01-2002“Gas distribution systems” and other rule-establishing documents.

Rules for installing gas boilers in a private house

Room

Requirements for parts and equipment parts

Gas outlets (or, as they are often called, chimneys)

The passage for removing combustion products must be separate from the conventional chimney.
Its horizontal length in the boiler room should not exceed three meters.
The gas outlet can have no more than 3 bends.
The diameter of the gas outlet and the boiler power must correspond (with a power of up to 30 kW, D=130 mm., with a power of 40 kW, D=140 mm.)
The diameter of the gas outlet should not be less than the diameter of the hole for connecting the gas duct.
The outer end of the gas outlet must be at least half a meter above the level of the roof ridge.

Modern boilers with a closed combustion chamber now use so-called coaxial chimneys, which are sold and installed together with the heating device. When installing such boilers, the dimensions of the room are not important, since the combustion air does not come from inside, but from the street.

These General requirements may vary slightly different regions, they are constantly being refined and clarified. In addition, there are nuances that the gas supply in the house is not central, but bottled. At the same time, the rules and requirements for installing a gas boiler will differ in some features. There is also a difference in what material the house is built from and what the floors are. To avoid problems at the project approval stage, it is better to invite a specialist and inspect the house in advance for possible shortcomings.

What actions need to be taken to obtain permits for installing a gas boiler:

Agreed project and is a permitting document for installing a gas boiler.

Installation

Installation sequence for a floor-standing boiler

The boiler is installed on a solid base that can withstand its weight. To do this, either a concrete screed is poured, or a sheet of galvanized iron is laid on the floor.
When installing the device on the base, make sure that it is exactly parallel to the ground.
Connect to the chimney and check the draft.
Connect to the heating system pipes, while installing a hard water filter (after the outlet line before entering the return line boiler). Place on both sides of the filter locking mechanisms(eg ball valves). Install ball valves on all pipes.
Double-circuit boiler connect to water supply. It is better to make a tap into the water supply system as close as possible to the entrance of the pipe into the building or to the branching point of the pipe. It is better to connect the water supply pipe from above, and the water return pipe from below.
Connect to the gas pipeline. This can only be done by a gas master; you cannot make the connection yourself.
Connect to power supply.

In both installation options, the system must be filled with water before the first start-up. To do this, the device must be turned off. Water should be drawn in very slowly - this is the only way to get rid of air “bubbles” in the heating system.

It should also be remembered that the installation of any gas equipment cannot be carried out at sub-zero temperatures; the temperature must be from 5 to 35 degrees.

Maintenance of gas equipment

Gas equipment must be maintained regularly, at least twice a year. Be sure to do this before you start heating season. A specialist must check the tightness, condition of the chimney and ventilation system, clean the filters and burner, and replace worn parts.

In order to provide your home or apartment with economical heat and hot water at any time of the year, you can install and connect a double-circuit gas boiler, but only specialists know how to do it correctly. With the help of one element, serious problems are solved. And therefore in Lately Such units are very popular among owners of country houses. Connecting such an installation is not an easy process, but if you figure it out, you can do everything yourself.

basic information

In most cases, there are units that are capable of heating 6 liters of water in one minute. This indicator can be considered quite good. True, it is only possible if the installation is installed correctly.

The operating principle is based on the presence of two circuits separate from each other. The first is responsible for heating the house, and the second is responsible for hot water in the tap.

To connect the installed boiler, you need to take into account the presence of several systems in the room:

Heating. There will be two pipes - hot supply and cold supply.
Water pipes. Cold water is supplied to the system.
Gas pipeline. Fuel supply.
Power supply. It is necessary if the device has control devices and automatic ignition.

Installation and connection of a dual-circuit system begins with mounting it on the wall. For this purpose, special brackets are used, which in most cases are supplied with the equipment. The main thing to consider is that the fasteners must be in an ideal horizontal plane, and therefore you must have a level.

After installing the fasteners, the boiler itself is hung on the wall. All this is done with your own hands. To be on the safe side, to prevent any mistakes, you can first watch several videos, of which there are many on the Internet. They show the installation of different systems.

Premises requirements

There are several rules that must be followed when choosing a room to install the unit:

The presence of a window that can open at any time.
Functional ventilation.
The room must have outlets for all necessary pipelines to which the home boiler will be connected. Particular attention needs to be paid gas pipe. It must have a counter.

Usually the connection of similar devices is the same. The only thing that may differ is the location of the pipes. But this does not happen often.

Main nodes

Due to the fact that there are many available on the market different models gas boilers, it is difficult to talk about all the specific installation schemes. We can only highlight the main components that must be present so that the unit is not only easy to install, but also to use in the future.

Key points:

Water filter. A mandatory element of a gas boiler in a private home, which will help protect the system from debris generated in the pipes. Another such device is installed on the return line to stop possible contamination from the heating system. It must be placed on a horizontal area along with the tap.
Magnetic filter with tap. Used to combat rust and scale.
Gas filter with tap. Allows you to protect the installed boiler from scale and dust. The use of this element allows you to significantly increase the service life of the installation.
Ball valves, which are needed to shut off highways to make it easier to carry out repair work.
A special one is installed for the heating system expansion tank. In wall-mounted boiler models, they are usually installed at the factory.
Safety devices – . Again, wall-mounted models already have all this. For floor-standing ones, everything must be purchased separately and placed next to the installation.
Radiators.
Pipeline.

Important nuances

Installation must begin with the installation of a shut-off valve and filter on the water supply. This will help only purified liquid pass through the unit, which in turn will significantly extend its service life.

The valve is necessary for a situation where you need to close the water supply to replace the filter, clean the system or repair.

After this, the heating system pipes are connected and hot water. There is nothing complicated here either. First, the shut-off valves are connected, and then the connection to the boiler occurs.

A home wall-mounted boiler is necessarily equipped with a pump, which ensures uniform heating of all radiators in the room. This device requires special strapping. Wall-mounted models are energy-dependent, and therefore any power outage immediately reduces operating efficiency. Floor-standing models can work without such pumps, since they are equipped with special elements to create natural pressure.

Gas is considered the most cost-effective type of fuel in terms of efficiency. Even if there is no gas main line to the holiday village, many owners of country houses use gas tanks, which, from an economic point of view, is often more profitable than using other types of fuel. In any case, you need to know the rules for connecting a gas boiler in a private house, which strictly regulate all the nuances of installation and operation of the equipment.

A modern gas boiler with automation is enough a complex system, installation and debugging of which requires specialized knowledge Source sovkalmykia.ru

Is it possible to install the equipment yourself?

In short, the installation of a gas boiler in a private house can be carried out by anyone, but commissioning of the equipment - acceptance and testing must be carried out by specialists from the gas service; connecting a gas boiler in a private house and operating it without their permission is impossible.

It is safest to entrust the installation of gas equipment to qualified representatives of a specialized organization. Only they will be able to carry out the necessary work competently, in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. In addition, a competent specialist always works under a contract, which specifies who carried out what work, when and what.

Main types of gas boilers

Manufacturers of gas equipment offer customers different types heating boilers running on blue fuel. They are designed for heating any area and, according to the type of installation, are divided into floor and wall.

The first of them are powerful, reliable and durable “flagship models”, designed for installation in houses with above-average square footage. General disadvantage There is only one such model - you will have to equip a separate room for them.

Source vsemixfight.ru

Wall-mounted gas boilers serve as excellent alternative option for a small private house: they do not need a separate room - such devices are compact and versatile. In addition, their installation does not impose increased conditions on bearing capacity walls - you just need a layer of non-combustible material between the boiler and the base.

Requirements for the boiler room in the house

If the boiler output is more than 30 kW, then it must be installed in a separate room. All information on how to install a gas boiler in a private house is given in the SNiP standards, where there are clear requirements for the arrangement of a boiler room for heating equipment powered by fuel combustion.

You can place the boiler room in the attic, in the basement (basement) or simply in a separate room of the house. A mandatory requirement for this is free passage into the room, sufficient illumination and the arrangement of a rigid base.

In addition, installing a gas boiler in a private house requires the following boiler room:

volume not less than 13.5 m³ for boilers with a power of 30-60 kW and over 15 m³ for models with higher productivity;

comfortable access to the equipment.

Properly designed boiler room for a private home Source teploknam.ru

In one hour ventilation should provide threefold air exchange;

walls and ceilings made of non-flammable material;

Important! Heating boilers are located at a distance of at least 0.5 m from flammable surfaces. And the partitions comply with the fire resistance standard RE1 45, that is, they must resist open fire within 45 minutes.

Requirements for a boiler room in a separate building

The advantages of a separate boiler room are increased safety, reduced level noise and the possibility of using the freed up space for other purposes. The disadvantage will be that the heating system will become more expensive, since it will be necessary to install an additional thermally insulated pipeline branch.

At the same time, such requirements to such boiler houses are the following:

separate foundation;

concrete boiler base;

forced ventilation, which should provide three air exchanges within an hour;

fulfillment of requirements regarding sizes boiler room;

installation in one room is allowed no more than two heating devices;

doors should open outwards to the street;

SNiP requirements for the external boiler room of a private house Source karelia-dom.ru

On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer the service of designing houses and utilities. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

wall surfaces and ceilings are made of non-flammable material;

Availability transom windows for daylighting and emergency ventilation - the area of the window opening must be suitable for the volume of the room (0.03 m2 per 1 m³);

Availability chimney, if it is needed for the device being installed (for wall-mounted devices with a capacity of less than 30 kW, the coaxial pipe is allowed to be output through the wall).

Also connected to the boiler sewage pipe so that water can be drained from the system when replacing it.

Basic requirements for smoke exhaust and ventilation ducts

The room where the gas boiler is located must meet the necessary requirements, and not only the width and length of the room is regulated according to the power of the equipment, but also the size to the ceiling, which must be at least 2 m.

A ventilation duct must be installed in the boiler room; for this purpose, a hole with a cross-section of at least 0.02 m 2 is provided.

The location of gas boilers corresponds to the installation conditions of the chimney. In this case, the parameters of the latter (height, channel area) in relation to the installed gas equipment must be strictly observed.

Source pinterest.ru

The size of the internal cross-section of the smoke outlet pipe is made the same or slightly larger than that of the device. According to NPB-98, inside the chimney opening the air flow speed should be 15-20 m/sec, and such draft can be ensured with a chimney pipe height of about 5 meters.

Important! Smoke must not be vented into a duct provided for ventilation. In boiler rooms that have a standard hood, air exchange should take place due to the incoming flow from outside the room and, partially, as a result of its penetration from adjacent rooms.

Gas appliance in a private home: requirements and main installation steps

To properly install the unit, you must first study the regulatory documentation and rules for performing this work. They talk about the features of installing gas appliances for the heating system.

Whatever type of boiler would have to be installed, the requirements must be met certain standards and rules such as:

SNiP 41-01-2003 about heating, ventilation and air conditioning.

SNiP 42-01-2002 about the gas distribution system.

SNiP 21-01-97 about fire safety.

SNiP 2.04.08-87 about the installation of boiler rooms.

SNiP provisions contain all the necessary information for installing and starting a gas boiler Source optolov.ru

In relation to these conditions, in order to install a gas boiler in a house, you must first obtain a regulatory act that gives permission to carry out work on connecting gas appliances. And to purchase specifications, you must submit an application to the local gas service, to which a response must be given within a month.

It is important to know! Technical specifications are official permission to carry out work on installing a gas appliance. Unauthorized installation of a gas heater without specifications is illegal and unsafe for the homeowner.

Boiler installation

After the development of project documentation and receipt of an act with permission to install a gas boiler, its installation is carried out, which is carried out in several stages:

Preparing a solid foundation. A concrete screed is poured onto the floor, or a sheet of metal is placed. The boiler must be installed strictly parallel to the floor.

Chimney connection and checking traction.

Accession heating system pipes. In this case, a fine filter must be installed, which is usually placed in the return pipeline in front of the boiler. And on both sides of the filter element there are ball valves.

When installing a double-circuit gas boiler in a private house, it is necessary connect it to the water supply. It is advisable to insert the supply pipe from the top, and the exit pipe from the bottom.

Connection to the gas pipeline. This can only be done by a gas service specialist.

Video description

The installation of a gas boiler is clearly shown in the video:

That's it necessary work completed. The exception is boilers with a closed combustion chamber. These devices are equipped with electronic control, and they are started simultaneously with the filling of the system, since without creating a certain pressure in the expansion tank, the boiler will not work.

Operating rules

For the safe use of gas, the connection diagram for a gas boiler in a private house must be followed. In addition, the following must be fulfilled conditions:

Behindstart operate the boiler only at normal humidity.

Monitoring technical condition by gas service specialists at least once a year.

Filter installation fine cleaning on the return pipeline of the heating system.

Natural or artificial ventilation in the boiler room.

Correspondence traction in the chimney pipe requirements (10-20 m/sec).

In the event of a leak, promptly report to the emergency gas service.

Video description

For information about the operating features of gas boilers, watch the video:

Maintenance

Preventive measures for routine inspection of gas boilers include the following: types of jobs:

Checking taps external and internal gas pipelines (disassembly, application of lubricant).

Inspection of thermostats on floor boilers.

Flushing or replacement filter elements.

Injector inspection, checking the tightness of the door, the operation of the igniter on floor-standing devices.

Traction control in the chimney.

Check in winter time naledi at the coaxial pipe of wall-mounted boilers.

All components that have been subject to wear during operation must be replaced.

On a note! After completion of the repair and before starting the heating system, the gas service worker checks the tightness of all connections in the line. Usually a soap solution is used for this.

A competent preventive inspection will not only increase the service life of the equipment in use, but will also reduce gas consumption.

Source sanmaster62.ru

Conclusion

At first glance, installing gas boilers in a private home is not the most difficult; the requirements for compliance with standards and safety regulations are high. Installation of a heating system with a gas boiler requires knowledge of the relevant norms and regulations, and the final check and connection should be carried out exclusively by gas service specialists. Trust the professionals and then the gas boiler will serve you faithfully and provide warmth and comfort in your home.

Today, gas boilers and water heaters are used everywhere both for heating water and for heating houses. For the most part, separate units are used for heating and hot water supply. single-circuit boilers or one single-circuit boiler and an indirect heating boiler, which creates certain inconveniences in their placement. Therefore, in houses and apartments with low hot water consumption, the installation of double-circuit gas boilers, which combine water heating for both household needs and heating, is becoming increasingly popular. The installation of gas boilers is associated with a number of specific difficulties, related more to compliance with the norms and requirements for boilers than to the process of their installation.

The design of double-circuit gas boilers is essentially similar to the design of a conventional single-circuit one, where gas-burner heats the heat exchanger with coolant. The main difference is the ability of double-circuit boilers to simultaneously heat water for heating the house and for household needs. This is achieved through the combined placement of pipes for heating and hot water supply in the heat exchanger.

At first glance, the heat exchanger of a double-circuit boiler looks like an ordinary coil with a radiator grille. But it is necessary to note the following: the coil of a double-circuit boiler is most often a combination of 2 in 1 pipes. Inside the main pipe through which water for heating flows, there is another one for hot water supply. It should be noted that there is one more important point. Water in such a double heat exchanger circulates in opposite directions in each of the circuits. This was done specifically to improve heat transfer and this must be taken into account when designing and connecting the water supply and heating system to a double-circuit boiler.

The presence of two heating circuits at once also affected the number of connected pipes. In contrast to the single-circuit one, where there were only three pipes, supplying and discharging water and one supplying gas. There are five such pipes in a double-circuit boiler. The diagram depicting a double-circuit gas boiler shows the following (from right to left):

pipe with incoming coolant for heating;
supply pipe for hot water supply;
gas supply pipe;
pipe with outgoing hot water for water supply;
pipe with outgoing coolant for heating.

Important! Before using the above diagram when connecting your own boiler, carefully study the manual for it. It is quite possible that your boiler will be connected slightly differently. For example, both supply pipes are located with right side, and both are coming from the left.

It is also worth noting that today on the market you can find a double-circuit gas boiler, both wall-mounted and floor-standing. In addition to the installation method, the difference between them is that the floor-mounted one requires a separate room - a boiler room, while the wall-mounted one can be installed in the kitchen or in a place reserved for the boiler. Where exactly and how to install gas heating boilers we'll look at it next.

Standards and requirements for the installation of gas boilers

It should be noted right away that the installation and connection of a double-circuit gas boiler can only be carried out by specialized organizations that have permission and a license for this activity. Self-installation and connection is fraught with fairly high fines. But still, you will have to do some work on preparing to connect the boiler and obtaining the necessary permits yourself.

The following recommendations and rules are excerpts from the main regulatory documents, such as SNiP 42-01-2002 “Gas distribution systems”, as well as SNiP II-35-76 “Boiler installations”, Code of Design Rules autonomous systems heating supply SP-41-104-2000. In these regulatory documents describes in detail what can and cannot be done when installing gas equipment. We will consider the main most important requirements for installing gas boilers.

1. The room where the gas boiler will be installed must be at least 4 m2 with ceilings not lower than 2.5 m;

2. The doorway in the room must be at least 80 cm wide;

3. The room must have a window opening. The window size is calculated based on the following requirements - for 10 m2 of area, a window with an area of 0.3 m2;

4. It is necessary to have high-quality ventilation in the room to ensure constant gas combustion. The hole area should be 8 cm2 per 1 kW of boiler power. This also applies to boilers with a closed combustion chamber, for which coaxial chimneys are used, combining the functions of removing combustion products and supplying air to the boiler;

5. The diameter of the chimney is selected according to the power of the boiler itself and is calculated using a special formula. In general, boilers from 30 kW to 40 kW are most often used for heating a house. Accordingly, chimneys with a diameter of 130 mm and 170 mm are installed;

6. The upper end of the chimney should protrude 50 cm above the roof ridge. If a coaxial chimney is used, its outlet end should protrude from the air intake by at least 20 cm;

7. The gas pipeline in the house must be made of metal pipes. But to connect the boiler to the main line, you can use flexible corrugated pipes;

8. The boiler must be equipped with a special automatic current and thermal protection;

9. The room with the boiler must be equipped with a gas analyzer;

10. Installation of gas boilers in basements permitted only for private homes. For apartment buildings installation of gas boilers is permitted only in the kitchen or in specially designated boiler rooms;

11. Each boiler must be equipped with a gas meter;

12. The room must have a cold water pipeline;

13. In the room where the boiler will be installed, the walls must be leveled and plastered;

14. Boilers cannot be installed on combustible surfaces, in corridors, in the bathroom, in a dormitory, on a balcony, in rooms without windows or vents, in the basements of apartment buildings;

15. The boiler must be placed at least 15 cm from the wall. There should be a minimum of 20 cm from the top edge of the chimney to the ceiling. External part the chimney should protrude 30 cm from the wall of the house. The installation height of the wall-mounted boiler should be 0.8 - 1 m from the floor, and a heat-insulating panel should be placed between the wall and the boiler.

Important! If the boiler is a double-circuit boiler with a closed combustion chamber, then the presence of windows in the room is not necessary.

By following these simple rules, you can easily obtain permission to install a double-circuit boiler at home. Of course, it would not be amiss to become more familiar with SNiP, since the above rules are general and certain restrictions are possible for each specific case.

Coordination of installation with authorities

When installing double-circuit boilers, compliance with SNiPs is only a small part of the hassle that you have to face. The most time will be required to obtain the necessary permits and approval of installation. To obtain permission you must do the following:

1. To connect a private house or an apartment to the city gas supply, you need to get technical specifications for connection. To do this, we write an application to the city gas service. The application must indicate the estimated volume of gas consumed per hour. It will take 1 to 2 weeks for your application to be processed. After which you will be given technical installation specifications.

2. Having received the technical conditions, it is necessary to develop a gas supply project. In essence, this is a diagram for installing a boiler, laying a gas pipeline and connection points. In a private house, this also includes a diagram for laying gas communications around the site. The project is developed in a specialized bureau by design engineers with a license for the design of gas communications. Contacts of companies performing design can be easily found in Gorgaz.

3. After creating and finalizing the project, it is sent to Gorgaz or another competent service (Raigaz, Oblgaz, Mingaz). Project approval may take from 1 week to 3 months. The approval period depends on the complexity of the project itself. Along with the project, it is also necessary to submit a number of related documents:

boiler technical certificate;
instructions for its use;
certificate of compliance with technical and sanitary requirements;
conclusions of the examination on the boiler’s compliance with all necessary requirements.

These documents are included with the boiler from the manufacturer, so it is important to check their availability when purchasing the boiler.

Of course, it is possible to reject the project. In this case, you should receive an official document with the refusal and reasons for the refusal, as well as a list of changes for the project. After making changes and resubmitting for approval, you will receive permission to install the boiler.

Installation of a double-circuit gas boiler

Having decided on the installation location of the double-circuit gas boiler, as well as connecting all communications from the hot water supply (hot water supply) and heating to it, you can begin installing the boiler itself. It is necessary to immediately make a reservation that, regardless of whether it is a wall-mounted or floor-standing boiler, the same materials and components will be required for its installation and piping. Below is a general list of what is required for reliable operation:

Ball Valves;
coarse filter;
magnetic filter;
mesh filter;
gas filter;
sweeps;
flexible corrugated hose;
pressure gauge;
thermostat;
coaxial chimney;
safety valve 3 bar.

Important! Quantity and equipment related materials depends on the connection diagram of the gas boiler.

A double-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler can be installed in almost any room permitted for it. You can install it yourself, but the direct connection of gas equipment is carried out by a specialist who has the appropriate certificate to perform this type of work. Connecting the boiler yourself will entail fines.

Connecting a double-circuit gas boiler begins with preparing the site for its installation. This primarily concerns the supply of pipes for hot water and heating, as well as preparing the opening for the chimney and lining the wall with fireproof material. As soon as everything is ready, we begin installation of the boiler:

1. The first step is to flush the boiler pipe system to remove any dirt particles from the system that may have entered during the boiler assembly at the factory. Then we put the previously removed plugs on them.

2. The wall-mounted boiler is mounted on special strips that are included in the kit. The installation height of a wall-mounted boiler should be 0.8 - 1 m from the floor. We drill holes in the wall for the planks and secure them to the wall with self-tapping screws. For reliability, anchors can be used instead of self-tapping screws.

Important! It is necessary to monitor the horizon of the installed slats. The correct placement of the boiler itself depends on this. The slightest misalignment can lead to rapid failure of the boiler heating system.

3. Install the boiler on the mounting strips. Let's check how level it is. If necessary, we correct and fix it.

4. We find the incoming pipes and first attach ball valves to them, and then filters for coarse or fine water purification. This will allow, if necessary, to shut off the entire system for washing and cleaning the filters.

6. The next step is to install the squeegees. They are the ones that will connect the boiler with pipes from the hot water supply to the heating.

Important! We do not touch the gas supply pipe of the boiler. The installation of the meter, valves, as well as its connection and pressure testing will be carried out by a specialist from the gas company who has permission to carry out this type of work.

7. Let's move on to connecting the heating system. If you connect the boiler to old system, then first you need to rinse it several times to remove scale and salts from it.

8. We connect the squeegee with the heating pipe connected to the boiler. If necessary, a circulation pump can be installed between the outlet and the pipe.

Important! We make sure that the arrows on the taps, drains and filters point in the direction of movement of water from the system to the boiler.

8. We complete the heating connection procedure by connecting the outgoing pipe from the boiler to the heating system. At the same time, we make sure that the direction of water movement on the fittings corresponds to the real one.

9. Connect the hot water supply. All work is essentially identical to connecting the heating, with the difference that instead of a coarse filter, a fine filter or magnetic filter is installed.

10. Attach the chimney to the boiler. To do this, a chimney pipe is inserted into the previously prepared hole and then connected through an elbow to the chimney fitting in the boiler itself.

Important! If you bought a boiler with an open combustion chamber, then the chimney pipe must meet the following conditions:

the pipe must be made of metal resistant to acidic environments;

the chimney is installed above the ridge of the house;

a cleaning hatch must be installed in the chimney itself;

the chimney itself should consist of no more than three elbows;

parts of the chimney from the boiler to the exit to the street should not exceed 25 cm.

A double-circuit floor-standing gas boiler is also installed in the manner described. The key difference in installing a floor-standing boiler is the allocation of a special room for the boiler, where fire protection is installed on the floor and walls. In addition, the boiler itself is not attached to the wall with brackets, but is most often fixed to the floor.

Upon completion of the installation of the double-circuit boiler, all that remains is to wait until it is connected to the gas pipe and put into operation. This stage of boiler installation is carried out by a specialist from the gas company. It should be noted that if you have never performed this type of work before, it would be better to seek help from the experts. Of course, all the work will cost a pretty penny, but the safety and reliability of the connected boiler will also be much higher.

About Autonomous gas heating If he doesn’t dream of using hot water supply, then every householder has probably seriously thought about it, both in a city apartment and in a private house. Only today it can reliably provide comfortable temperature in the house is cheaper than the central one. However, installing a gas boiler with your own hands is a complex, responsible matter that requires a permit. Actually, taking on it yourself makes complete sense only if you have sufficient funds to purchase a double-circuit boiler with a boiler and a full set of automation, and your home according to the specifications is suitable for installing a boiler.

The second case when you need a gas boiler is if you are not rich, and there is no hot water in the house and is not expected. In this case, you need a simple budget single-circuit instantaneous hot water boiler that allows you to wash dishes and take a shower. A gas boiler is more expensive than an electric boiler, but taking into account the cost of installing a gas meter, at current rates it will pay for itself in a year and a half over the winter, depending on where you live. If, again, you can install it in your apartment, and you are not afraid of going through the authorities.

Two big differences

The boilers mentioned above are the extremes of a huge variety of models of gas water heating devices. They are the ones available for self-installation. Any other gas heating boiler requires professional work for installation. However, every cloud has a silver lining - specialized companies also take on the preparation of the premises and the preparation of documents. But why can you install only the “tips of scissors” yourself?

Simple water heater

The simplest boiler is really very simple: a gas burner, a heat exchanger - that's all. It is enough to connect water and gas to it, vent the exhaust into the chimney - and you can use it. If the papers have already been completed; otherwise - an inevitable large fine.

Home boiler room

A double-circuit boiler with a boiler and full automation is so “smart” that installing it is as easy as the simplest one. Automation is important not only for simplicity: complete system with a double thermostat and microprocessor monitors the temperature in the house and outside, according to a given program, reduces heating to a minimum according to sanitary standards when no one is at home (for example, when everyone is at work). The gas consumption of such a boiler is 30-70% less than with manual or semi-automatic adjustment, and the savings are greater the more severe the weather.

But such a home boiler room has a serious drawback: if you find yourself in a natural disaster zone and the power supply is disrupted, the automation “stalls” and the boiler goes into the mode of minimal heating of the room. Therefore, such a boiler requires additional costs for guaranteed power supply. It is not difficult to provide it yourself, see below.

Where you can and where you can’t install a gas boiler

The rules for installing a gas boiler provide the following requirements for installing a HEATING boiler, regardless of whether it also provides DHW or not:

The boiler must be installed in a separate room - a furnace (boiler room) with an area of at least 4 square meters. m., with a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m. The rules also state that the volume of the room must be at least 8 cubic meters. Based on this, you can find indications that a ceiling of 2 m is acceptable. This is incorrect. 8 cubic meters is the minimum free volume.
The furnace room must have an opening window, and the width of the door (not the doorway) must be at least 0.8 m.
Finishing the furnace with flammable materials and the presence of a false ceiling or false floor are unacceptable.
The combustion chamber must be provided with an air flow through a through, non-closed vent with a cross-section of at least 8 sq.cm. per 1 kW of boiler power.

Note: 8 cubic meters free - with a boiler power of up to 30 kW. For power from 31 to 60 kW – 13.5 cubic meters; for power from 61 to 200 kW 15 cubic meters. For boilers with a closed combustion chamber, the volume of the combustion chamber is not standardized, but the dimensions must still be observed.

For any boilers, including wall-mounted hot water boilers, the following general standards must also be met:

The boiler exhaust must exit into a separate flue (often incorrectly called a chimney); use for this ventilation ducts unacceptable - life-threatening combustion products may reach neighbors or other rooms.
The length of the horizontal part of the flue should not exceed 3 m within the combustion chamber and have no more than 3 rotation angles.
The flue outlet must be vertical and raised above the ridge of the roof or the highest point of the gable on flat roof not less than 1 m.
Since combustion products form chemically aggressive substances when cooling, the chimney must be made of heat- and chemically resistant solid materials. Use of layered materials, e.g. asbestos-cement pipes, permissible at a distance of at least 5 m from the edge of the boiler exhaust pipe.

When installing a wall-mounted hot water gas boiler in the kitchen, additional conditions must be met:

The height of the boiler suspension along the edge of the lowest pipe is not lower than the top of the sink spout, but not less than 800 mm from the floor.
The space under the boiler must be free.
A durable fireproof metal sheet 1x1 m should be laid on the floor under the boiler. Gas workers and firefighters do not recognize the strength of asbestos cement - it wears out, and the SES prohibits having anything containing asbestos in the house.
There should be no cavities in the room in which combustion products or an explosive gas mixture can accumulate.

If the boiler is used for heating, then the gas workers (who, by the way, are not very friendly with the heating network - it always owes them for gas) will also check the condition of the heating system in the apartment/house:

The slope of horizontal sections of pipes must be positive, but not more than 5 mm per linear meter of water flow.
An expansion tank and an air valve must be installed at the highest point of the system. It is useless to convince you that you will buy a “cool” boiler that has everything provided for: rules are rules.
The condition of the heating system must allow it to be pressurized under a pressure of 1.8 atm.

The requirements, as we see, are strict, but justified - gas is gas. Therefore, it is better not to think about a gas boiler, even a water heating one, if:

Do you live in a block Khrushchev or another apartment building without a main gas duct.
If you have a false ceiling in your kitchen that you don’t want to remove, or a permanent mezzanine. On a mezzanine with a bottom made of wood or fiberboard, which in principle can be removed, and then there will be no mezzanine, gas workers turn a blind eye.
If your apartment is not privatized, you can only rely on a hot water boiler: allocating a room for a furnace means redevelopment, which only the owner can do.

In all other cases, it is possible to install a hot water boiler in an apartment; wall heating is possible, but floor heating is very problematic.

In a private house, you can install any boiler: the rules do not require that the furnace be located directly in the house. If you make an extension to the house from the outside to serve as a furnace room, then the authorities will only have less reason to find fault. You can install a high-power floor-standing gas boiler in it to heat not only the mansion, but also the office premises.

For middle-class private housing, the optimal solution is a wall-mounted boiler; it does not require, as for a floor one, to install a brick or concrete tray with sides of half a meter. Installing a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house also avoids technical and organizational difficulties: a fireproof closet under the furnace can always be fenced off, at least in the attic.

Power supply

The automation of heating boilers consumes little electricity, but according to the rules, the boiler still requires a separate wiring branch with a 20 A automatic circuit breaker, just like a boiler. For backup power supply, any computer UPS is well suited. A kilowatt will “keep” the automation for half a day or half a day. This is quite enough to take the necessary measures in case of an emergency.

About the gas duct

The cross-sectional area of the house flue for it depends on the required boiler power (see below). At any power, the diameter of the flue must be at least 110 mm and not less than the diameter of the exhaust pipe. The dependence of the flue diameter on the boiler power is as follows:

up to 24 kW – 120 mm.
30 kW – 130 mm.
40 kW – 170 mm.
60 kW – 190 mm
80 kW – 220 mm.
100 kW – 230 mm.

Boiler selection

Power

It is obvious that the boiler power must be sufficient. But it should not be excessive, especially if the heat exchanger is cast iron. Drops of condensate from the flue cause hot cast iron to crack. There is another dangerous effect: the dew point temperature of the exhaust gases is approximately 56 degrees Celsius. If the water temperature in the heating return is lower, acidic condensate may form in the combustion chamber. What does this have to do with excess power? A boiler that is too powerful will quickly warm up the system and go into standby mode until it cools down. The thermal inertia of a powerful heat exchanger is high, and while it warms up again, acid dew may form.

With correctly selected boiler power, the temperature in the combustion chamber will be 80-90 degrees. The permissible difference in power is quite large, but if you install a 60 kW boiler in a medium-sized private house, then acid rain from the inside will quickly damage it.

The required boiler power for a specific room is determined by thermal engineering calculations. It’s easier for residents of high-rise buildings: the data is available in the DEZ, the technical inventory bureau or the owner. In any case, you can use approximate data by calculating an intermediate value for yourself. Maximum power values are given for cases of minimum outside temperature of –25/-40 degrees:

One-room apartment on the middle floors – 8/14 kW.
Corner apartment 60 sq.m. total area on the top floor of the Khrushchev block is 20/28 kW.
Private house 100 sq.m. common – 24/38 kW.

Boiler

The purpose of the boiler is to accumulate hot water for domestic needs. If you look at the instructions for the boiler, the power will be indicated there as a fraction, for example - 10/22 kW. The first number is the heating power for average conditions; it determines gas consumption by 80%. The second power, maximum, is for quickly heating domestic water.

If the boiler is emptied, the boiler temporarily stops heating the heating (it does not have time to cool down) and heats domestic water at maximum. Gas consumption is, of course, maximum. If you take a little water from the boiler, then it will be heated in operating mode, without force majeure. Based on this, the capabilities of the boiler can be judged by its capacity:

2-10 l – wash hands and wash dishes.
30-50 l – take at a quick fix shower.
100 l – wash thoroughly in the shower.
150 liters or more - you can take a bath and connect a washing machine to the hot water supply.

Note: If you already have one, it is advisable to leave it by turning off its machine. It will make a good hot water accumulator, and if you have problems with a gas boiler, you can turn it on.

Video: expert opinion on choosing gas boilers

Documents for the boiler

Let's say you have equipped the furnace in compliance with all requirements. Are we buying a boiler? It is too early. First of all, check if the previous gas papers have been lost, and bring them out into the light of day:

Gas supply contract if the boiler is a heating one. Subconsumers can only install hot water boilers.
All documents for gas meter. Any boiler cannot be installed without a meter. If it doesn’t exist yet, there’s nothing you can do, you need to install it and arrange it, but that’s a different topic.

Now you can buy a boiler. But, having purchased, it’s too early to install:

The BTI needs to make changes to the registration certificate of the house. For privatized apartments– through the organization operating the house. In the new plan, a closet under the boiler should be shown, and clearly marked: “Furnace room” or “Boiler room”.
Submit an application to the gas service for the project and specifications. The required documents also include a technical passport for the boiler, so it must already be purchased.
Install the boiler (see next section), except gas system. This can be done while the gas workers are preparing the project, if the premises are approved.
Call a specialist to make a gas connection.
Submit an application to gas workers for commissioning.
Wait for the gas service engineer to arrive, he will check everything, draw up a conclusion on suitability and give permission to open the gas shut-off valve to the boiler.

Note: gas workers are not supposed to give permission to private individuals to work on gas equipment. Therefore, to connect gas to the boiler, you will have to call a specialist or then “resolve the issue” with an inspector during commissioning. As a rule, the former is cheaper.

Boiler installation

It is unacceptable for the boiler body to be adjacent to any of the walls, so redo the fastenings of wall-mounted boilers, recess the boiler into a niche, etc. it is forbidden. After installing the boiler in place, its piping is done - connecting three systems: gas, hydraulic and electric. The gas connection should be done, as indicated, by a gas specialist, and last but not least, when everything else is already connected.

You can do the electrical and hydraulic connections yourself. The main governing document here is the instructions for the boiler. Typical scheme The boiler hydraulic system is shown in the figure. For any boiler, the following conditions must be strictly met:

Water and hot gases in the boiler heat exchanger must flow countercurrently, otherwise it can simply explode with any automation. Therefore, it is extremely important not to confuse, either through negligence or for the sake of ease of installation, cold and hot pipes. After hydropiping, carefully inspect the entire system again, then rest for an hour and inspect it again.
If in heating system antifreeze has been added, drain it completely and flush the system twice clean water. An admixture of antifreeze in the water entering the heat exchanger is also explosive.
Do not neglect the “mud collectors” - coarse water filters. They should be located at the lowest points of the system. The accumulation of dirt between the thin fins of the heat exchanger also creates dangerous situation, not to mention the exorbitant gas consumption. At the beginning and end of the heating season, drain the sediment through the mud traps, check their condition and, if necessary, flush the system.
If the boiler has a built-in expansion tank and a deaeration system, remove the old expansion tank and turn off the old air valve tightly, having first checked its condition: air leakage will also create a dangerous situation.

Video: example of installing a wall-mounted gas boiler

Bottom line

Installation of a gas boiler is technically and organizationally complex. You can independently install only the simplest hot water boilers or expensive, fully automated home boiler rooms. But connecting the boiler to the gas supply system (gas pipework) must still be carried out by a gas service specialist or a certified installation organization. Otherwise, it is prohibited by the rules for the installation and operation of household gas appliances.