Planning a garden plot and vegetable garden. Placing plants on the site - planning the garden and vegetable garden. Planning rules or how to plan a vegetable garden

Happy owners of their own land plots, be it a dacha or a private house, almost immediately face the problem of competent zoning of the territory. Now there are a lot of landscape design specialists, but our people are closer to planning a garden with their own hands. The house, garden and vegetable garden are their own, and here it is important to initially take into account all the nuances, because remodeling it will be problematic or even impossible.

Common types of planning

Advice: in the vast majority of cases, when designing a standard garden with your own hands, experts adhere to the proportions according to which residential buildings account for 10% of the territory, 15% is taken by the recreation area and outbuildings, 75% is given to plants.

Despite the apparent diversity, the planning of a garden plot can be done in four main ways.

1. The most common is the rectilinear or parallel-perpendicular option. They choose it not because it has any special beauty, but rather because it is easier. Plus, this arrangement is subconsciously associated with order.

Important: parallel-perpendicular forms, in plan landscape design, create the effect of reducing space.
Therefore, planning can be carried out in this way garden plot 10 acres or more.

1. The direct opposite would be the circular arrangement option. Let's say right away that this is a fairly specific method, and it requires certain knowledge in landscape design. An orchard and flower beds can be included in this way, but with a vegetable garden it will be more difficult.
2. The diagonal arrangement can to some extent be called universal. Thus, it can be done as a layout for a garden plot of 15 acres or more. So is the arrangement on the standard six hundred square meters. The diagonal orientation creates visual volume and at the same time makes it possible to easily arrange the location of various zones on the site with your own hands.
3. The fourth option can safely be called creative. There are no specific laws here; as a rule, it is a symbiosis of several types described above. Most often it is used in areas with incorrect configuration and broken perimeter lines.

Advice: before starting to implement your project, you must draw it on paper.
If you have purchased a ready-made site that already has some buildings and plantings that you do not plan to remove, you should mark them first and then proceed from the resulting picture.

Laws of rational distribution

Of course, it is much easier to plan the location of buildings, a garden and a vegetable garden on 10 acres; this is the very critical square area on which such landscape delights as an open pond or a separate children's playground will look appropriate. But owners of smaller plots should not be upset either; with the right approach, you can make a masterpiece out of any territory.

In any project, the house is the main object, attention is paid to it first, so you should start with it. The approach here can be twofold, depending on the overall focus.

If the site is being developed with the aim of growing a good harvest and in the future it should be overgrown with fruit trees and a rich vegetable garden, then it is better to locate the buildings on the outskirts. Moreover, from the north or north-west side, so as not to block the sun from the plants.

In an area intended exclusively for recreation, with lawns and flower beds, it is more reasonable to locate housing in the center or closer to the front part. In both cases, it is recommended to hide outbuildings in the depths of the territory; if this is not possible, then they should be decorated with shrubs or vineyards.

It is better to place a recreation area with a barbecue and appropriate furniture closer to the house; in small areas it is appropriate to make a covered terrace adjacent to the house; in large areas it is possible to arrange a gazebo. This will make it more convenient to establish the necessary communications. But, undoubtedly, such a zone should be hidden from prying eyes.

If you want to regularly receive good harvests and admire the beauty of your flower beds all season long, then all green spaces should receive as much sunlight as possible. Also of great importance is the layout of the orchard and vegetable garden with your own hands, because the price of improper planting is the lack of harvest.

Arrangement of an orchard

Let's assume that all the pains of creativity associated with arranging different zones at your dacha or in a private household are already behind you and the time has come to purchase seedlings. The most common mistake young owners make is the desire to plant more and more of everything.

But do not forget that fertile land is not dimensionless and no more than 7 tall, fruit-bearing trees can fit on one hundred square meters.

With a low or flat planting, you can accommodate up to 15 healthy trees and still have room for a small vineyard and shrubs. In this case, it is much better to plant less than to invest in high-quality seedlings, the price of which can be rather high, and after a couple of seasons to uproot the trees, because they develop poorly and interfere with the growth of neighboring plantings.

Review your list.

Think about whether you really need all the plants you plan to plant.

• Sea buckthorn is certainly useful, but after the first harvest, interest in it drops sharply. Intensive growth, thorns and problematic harvesting will quickly discourage the desire to grow it; it’s easier to buy 1 – 2 jars on the market.
• Cultivated stunted Walnut rare, in 80% of cases they will sell you a regular one. Its crown will cover a large area, and its roots can tear out a light strip foundation. It is suitable for large areas or next to capital cottage, creating shade over the barbecue area.
• Hazelnuts will take a quarter of a hundred square meters and will produce a lot of shoots.
• One viburnum is enough; it is better to plant it on the outskirts, near the fence. The plant is unpretentious and tolerates shade well.
• Chokeberry or chokeberry, not for everyone. The fruits are good for blood pressure, but this plant loves the sun.

Any plant reaches for the light, and until it reaches its goal, it will not bear fruit normally. Therefore, by planting a seedling in a deliberately shaded area, you thereby doom yourself to a lack of harvest, and the plant to eternal struggle. In this case, even the best grafted seedlings will not save you.

The size of the shadow is approximately half the height of the tree. An area where there is no sun for half a day or more is considered shaded. But don’t worry, you can place paths, design elements or flower beds in these places.

Important: trees planted near high walls will “shy away” from them and will need to be shaped.
The only exception is the southern direction.

If the goal is a large harvest, then it is better to form trees with a height of no more than 2 m; in some cases, the height can reach up to 4 m. A comfortable distance between trunks should be twice the height of the tree, in other words, there should be at least 4 m between two-meter plants.

Try to place tree lines, vineyard trellises and bush rows from north to south. So you get additional opportunity landings between rows tall plants There are also low-growing crops; there will be enough sun for everyone.

A few words about the garden

Ease of movement in the garden is important. The comfortable size of the paths should be at least 40 cm. They should be comfortable not only to walk on, but also to bring in fertilizers or harvest crops.

Based many years of experience, we can safely say that the parallel-perpendicular arrangement of the tracks is inconvenient in this case. You will constantly trip over right angles and curse sharp turns.

The law works in vegetable beds: the shorter the path, the better. Therefore, feel free to combine diagonals, semicircles or any other configurations that are convenient for you.

The width of the beds may vary, but nice garden bed should be raised to a height of about 20 - 30 cm and edged with a border. The internal space is completely filled with fertile, fertilized soil.

Cabbage, root vegetables and some bush legumes like beds at least 1 meter wide. Beds for climbing beans, tall spreading tomatoes, cucumbers or melons can be made 60 cm each.

The mutual love or dislike of cultures should also be taken into account.

• It is recommended to plant rhubarb, sorrel, perennial onions and horseradish separately from the general planting.
• A variety of greens, such as dill, parsley, spinach, rucala and other salad greens, will find their place between the main beds.
• Cabbage does not tolerate proximity to tomatoes, strawberries, onions or potatoes. Onions have a negative attitude towards legumes or turnips. Cucumbers do not need to be combined with tomatoes, rhubarb or carrots.
• If we talk about a favorable combination, then legumes, corn and sorrel get along well with zucchini. Tomatoes love to grow next to parsley, beans, carrots or onions.

Important: do not forget about crop rotation.
Related plants should not be planted in one place for more than 3 years, after which redevelopment should be carried out.
Otherwise, land depletion may occur.

The video in this article reveals some of the secrets of landscape design and DIY garden planning.

Conclusion

The layout of a garden and vegetable garden on 15 acres belongs to the category of layout of large areas. Unlike the miniature 6 acres, there is already room for creative thought to run wild. But we do not advise you to neglect the above recommendations; correcting errors may take a lot of time.

The Earth for Us is a natural wealth that fed our grandfathers and parents. Today, only a small percentage of people manage to interact with it directly - coming to their dachas a couple of tens of kilometers away, living in rural settlements or their own private house within the city. All these options often converge on one thing - cultivating work, removing weeds, planting cultivated plants and (or) ... Sometimes, all these things are carried out on the “weekend”, after working days. But, you also need to relax, go out onto the summer terrace or just stand on the edge of the garden and contemplate how you were able to correctly plan the garden on your site.

Of course, while you have endless expanses of snow in front of you, you can’t really “plan”, but you have a warm blanket, a cozy chair, you’ve made yourself some delicious tea, and you can just start to decide from a theoretical point of view how you want to plan your garden.

If you decide, you can give everyone square meter the land is such that cultivated plants will produce up to 15%-20% more harvest, the flowers will be slimmer, and the eye will only be happy

Based on this, we offer you the following points, which We will reveal during our “journey” in planning a “workspace”:

• We decide on a planting plan;
• Forming correct dimensions and the position of the beds;
• Alternation of crops - what is it and what is it eaten with;
• Combined landing;
• Crop rotation and many other “hot” issues and their solutions.

Planning beds

Soil in the garden

We are sure that you, as an experienced person in terms of the annual selection of crops grown on your plot, know that in order to plan them you need to know which soil in the garden is more suitable for a particular variety or variety. And if earlier this was done “by eye”, now it is necessary to correctly determine the soil composition, which means it is imperative to know it acidity (pH).

This is quite simple to do - take samples taken from the garden to a special laboratory. It is imperative, for a more accurate composition, to take several samples from different parts of it. If you don’t want to wait a long time, pay, or are just interested in Is it possible to do this test at home?, we answer – maybe not so accurate, but it’s possible. To do this, take the same “samples”, mix them thoroughly to form a literally homogeneous mass and pour some of it into a jar or other container. Next, pour a little vinegar and see the result. There will be 2 of them, and each will indicate its own designation:

• Bubbles appear on the soil sample upon contact with vinegar, which will mean neutral pH;
• The vinegar will be absorbed into the ground without any visible reaction, which will determine acidic pH soil.

Let’s say right away that this is not the most accurate analysis, but it allows us to quickly and clearly illuminate this important issue.

Planning rules or how to plan a vegetable garden

In addition to the composition of the soil, plan the site The correct arrangement of those several beds that you are already “sorting out” in your imagination will help. Here are a few rules to help you with this:

• Most the best option The location of the garden is flat terrain. In cases where the plot is located on a slope, choose the southern or southeastern part;
• Be sure to resolve the issue with . Innovation or automation is not important here - it’s your choice. Both large and small gardens love the availability of water, which will be more convenient for you;
• Determining the soil. Chernozem is best suited for planning a vegetable garden and getting a rich harvest. But if heavy clay predominates in the soil, you will have to refine it and bring peat, sand, or black soil itself to the site;
• If you have not yet decided how to make beds correctly and where to start, start by planning the area at a distance from the trees. They will not create shade, and at any time the soil will be warmed by the sun's rays.

• From south to north beds are located if the land you own is in a lowland. Often, the soil is constantly damp, which means it needs to be warmed by the sun;
• From west to east, beds are planned in case of dry soil. The row spacing will be under the shade of the plants, which will retain moisture;
• When the ground slopes, it is better to divide the beds crosswise;
• South side suitable for planning a vegetable garden, and the northern– garden, if the area is not initially level.

How to plan a vegetable garden

Creating a planting plan

We agree that planning a vegetable garden is painstaking work that will take a single day, but without it you will not produce rich harvests, and this place will not become a vacation for you.

The first thing we start with is drawing a plan of “possessions” on paper

The drawing should contain the most complete information: shape and dimensions, information about the acidity of the soil, its orientation. Next, divide the site into zones - garden, vegetable garden, residential and utility zones. It will be great if you observe and note the amount of shadow from buildings and trees. Now, in order to plan the garden more clearly, we make a “model” of it. To do this, cut out strips of paper and write the name of the plants you will plant, as well as important devices such as watering centers. Place them, play around and find the right combination. For those who believe that these actions “can be omitted,” let’s say that it is better to prepare on paper than to find right places in the garden itself in the spring. When all the forms and places are determined, you can think about the varieties and varieties of crops that are needed in the garden.

Correct beds

If there are no proper beds in the garden, then there will be no rest - everything will be painstaking work. Therefore, we will pay attention to the beds in order to properly plan the garden.

• Lower or raise

There are several positions of the beds: deepened, raised, flush with ground level. The level is determined by the availability of watering every day, natural conditions. For example, if you cannot water your beds every day, then it is better to deepen them, and vice versa.

• Dimensions

The forms can be completely different, the most important thing is easy access. If the length can be any, then the width for convenient access should not be more than 1 meter. Optimal width – from 60 cm. Design of dimensions – according to your desire (brick, slate, etc. or not).

• Crop rotation of your crops

This is one of the most important issues that must be resolved not only in order to plan a vegetable garden, but also to get a rich harvest. The turnaround time for “returning to your previous place” is about 4 years. Therefore, we recommend dividing the entire area into 4 sections, and observing all the necessary sequences, according to the crop rotation tables.

• Combined planting of crops

Here, in order to properly plan a site, it is worth knowing which crops will not be able to live side by side, and which will even help grow, forming a “community”. For example, beans and beans are known among agronomists as the “Three Sisters” because their growth rates are perfectly suited to each other. But it’s worth knowing that not all plants are so “friendly.” Dill and knowledgeable person will never sit next to you. The same applies to beans and... In order to understand exactly which cultures help and which ones “cheat” each other, see the TABLE:

Culture compatibility table

Culture compatibility table

Interesting tip: garlic can not only help a person strengthen the immune system, but also allow him to take care of “ immune system» plants. This means they will get sick much less. To do this, make a healthy infusion according to the recipe: chop 5 garlic cloves and pour boiling water (1 liter) over them, then close the lid and let it steep for about 20 minutes. Immediately after this, you can water indoor and garden plants with this infusion to prevent any diseases.

Planning and planting a vegetable garden of 6 acres

Planning a large garden is quite simple, due to its good dimensions. But you can’t really roam around on 6 acres. But this is not a problem, especially if you take into account several nuances:

• Garage position;

Do not build a garage in the back of the dacha (house), because you will need to allocate a road (access) for the car.

• A south-facing garden will provide shade for most of the day;
• It is better to install the grill on the windward side;
• The non-standard shape of the flower beds will not only allow you to plan your garden, but will also visually expand it;
• A mini-garden located in the area of ​​the barbecue or gazebo will decorate the perimeter and save space;

To do this, a block is knocked together from boards, soil is poured in and flowers or crops are planted. The bed can be fenced with a fence to limit the beds.

• Drainage systems in lowlands are simply irreplaceable;

If your site is located on a slope, then the lower part will always contain excess moisture. It is the drainage systems, disguised in special terraces, that will visually and actually make using the site more convenient.

These tips will serve as a good lesson in how to plan a simple vegetable garden. small sizes, and areas of large dimensions.

So, by adhering to the above measures, you will be able to create a proper vegetable garden right from a piece of paper this spring, which will bear fruit to your delight

We wish you to relax in your garden plot and not believe people who say that work in the country turns into torture. Turn your site into a fairy tale right now.

Like any important event, laying out a future garden on a site begins with planning: how carefully you think through all the subtleties of placing capital and outbuildings, how responsibly you take the choice of a place for trees, shrubs, vegetable and berry plants, both the abundance of the harvest and the comfort of your staying at the dacha.

When planning a garden, there are many nuances to take into account, so don’t rush, calculate several at once suitable options, and then choose the best one.

If you want your garden to not only bear fruit, but also to look wonderful, you need to put in a little effort and a little imagination when planting it. This is a very responsible job: it includes a large number of simultaneously carried out processes, in addition, preparatory work and planting must be carried out in a short time.

Planting a garden also deserves special attention because mistakes made during this process are difficult to correct in the future, since fruit trees planted once for many years.

How to fill your garden with beautiful and fruitful plants? In order to correctly plan your home garden, use the advice of experienced summer residents presented on this page.

Planning the territory of the future garden

Whatever path you choose, laying out a future garden should begin with a clear layout of the territory. All plants must be planted immediately in a permanent place, since transplants greatly harm the plants. To avoid mistakes, think through the site plan to the smallest detail and sketch out all your ideas.

Using measurements of the site, draw a scale plan to plan your garden. Such care is needed not only for accurately determining the landing site. You can easily calculate the number of selected plants.

When planning different areas of your garden, you usually try to make sure that the playground is clearly visible from the kitchen or recreation area.

It doesn’t matter whether you are planning a berry garden or a vegetable garden on your plot or not – it is simply necessary to create a working area. After all, the garden will be planted with plants that need care.

IN work area They have a shed with equipment and a pit for a compost heap. And since this area is not entirely attractive, it can be hidden with plants.

When the entire site is divided into zones and measurements are taken on the ground, you need to think about the communication between the zones, that is, about paths and paths. It is better if the paths do not run at right angles, but begin to bend smoothly.

Walk along the designated paths, check: is everything comfortable? If all is well, you can move on to placing plants around the site.

If you cannot imagine your life without fresh vegetables, then set aside a well-lit place for your garden, not located on the aisle and in such a way that trees do not interfere with the normal growth of vegetables.

When planning your garden design, so that the plantings please you not only with their appearance, but also the harvest, trees are placed at a distance of 4 m from each other, shrubs - 1.5-2 m. To create hedges, plants are planted at smaller intervals, depending on the type of hedge.

The recreation area can be located next to the house. Berry bushes located on it, formed on trellises, and fruit trees on trunks will create a special coziness. You should not place a swimming pool or other body of water near the playground.

Look at the photo - when planning paths in the garden, you need to take into account that they must provide access to every corner of the site:

The width of the path should be sufficient for a garden wheelbarrow to pass along it.

Here is one example of successful garden planning:

• • Low Chaenomeles hedge
  • on the lawn

• Hozblok
• Paved paths
• Compost
• Garden of columnar apple trees
• hedge from
• Patio
• Golden currant hedge
• Lawn
• Arch with actinidia
• Playground
• Flower garden
• Composition of bushes - on standard and regular ones
• Garden
• Gooseberry
• Coastal plants
• Gravel path
• Plums
• Three pear trees

Planning a place to plant plants in the garden

As advised experienced gardeners When drawing up a site plan, it is important to be guided not only by your desires, but also by the needs of the plants, therefore, when planning a garden, it is important to choose the right place for planting them.

Any plant needs good lighting for normal growth and development. However, this does not mean that they must be roasted in the open sun all day.

As shown in the photo, when planning a vegetable garden, trees should be placed only in an open area:

This is especially true for plants formed in the form of trellises, cordons and palmettes. This need is due to the fact that when shading the branches will grow unevenly, one-sidedly, stretch out strongly, and, therefore, it will be difficult to shape and further care behind the plantings.

In addition, mature trees have a limited number of branches where overgrowing branches can form. To extend the productive period, it is important to take care of good lighting of these particular branches, because fruiting occurs on them.

When planning a garden on a site, shrubs can be content with a shaded position, since they are less demanding on lighting. Besides root system shrubs are more superficial, which means they are more demanding on moisture conditions.

A plan for a garden is like a pattern for sewing a dress. First, let's measure the area or take as a basis the plan issued to you by the BTI. Next, we will transfer the site plan on a scale of 1:100 to a sheet of graph paper, that is, 1 cm on paper will correspond to 1 m of land. The plan should indicate the boundaries of the site, gates and gates, the house and other garden buildings (sauna, shed, gazebo, etc.), those trees and large shrubs that you decided to leave, hedges, if any, doors and windows of the house. Be sure to mark the location of the well on paper, electrical cables, sewer hatch and other necessary things. We will transfer paths and paved areas to the plan, but only those that we intend to leave. Let's outline the functional zones on the plan. Routes for moving around the garden should connect them with the house and with each other, as well as provide access to those places from where we will admire the garden.

Preliminary sketch after site survey

Necessary:

• mask a bad view of neighboring buildings from the windows of the house;
• check the views from the windows onto the garden, make them especially picturesque;
• find a place for a pond and a gazebo near it;
• arrange small garden herbs near the patio;
• plant two apple trees (early and mid-ripening).

The house is the dominant element of any site. It sets the style and scale of the garden, for example: if the house is large, the paths cannot be narrow and the flower beds cannot be small. The garden and the house should look organically together. Trees and shrubs that cover the house when viewed from the gate, as well as decorating its facade with the help of vines, will not only not damage your house, but will also make the overall impression of the garden more interesting, and if the house is very modest, this is the only way to improve it. Ideally, one should strive to ensure that the house does not stick out like a finger, but is as if dissolved in the landscape, forming a worthy duet of architecture and wildlife. It does not at all follow from this that the house should be small, and it does not have to be one-story, even if the plot is tiny.

But it is important to decorate the corners of the building, this can be done with the help of a group of trees and shrubs, it is also necessary to cover the base of the house, plants should not cover the windows of the house, and taller plants can be placed in the walls.

Founder of Muskau Park, the largest landscape park in english style V Central Europe, Hermann von Pückler-Muskau believed that in order for buildings to make a harmonious impression, they must be visually covered by plants by at least a third.

There is another extreme, when the house is completely hidden from view by vegetation. Such a house gives the impression of abandonment; you don’t even want to look inside.

One color solution the house and the space around it contributes to creating a particularly cohesive impression of this part of the garden. The white balusters of the terrace, the flowering jasmine bush, the white border of the leaves of the Elegentissima tree, the still greenish but soon whitening caps of the tree hydrangea inflorescences - what a harmonious and elegant garden picture, and the plants are the simplest and most ordinary.

A large, solid house looks very dignified, but does not overwhelm the space around it due to the fact that adult conifers hug it, visually covering a considerable part. The house and its respectable surroundings do not compete with each other, but produce exactly the impression that is required.

You can fit the house into the garden with the help of plants formed like palmettes, as well as with the help of vines.

You need to put on the plan everything that you want to add to it. After the plan has been sketched out, at least approximately, we will try to wander around it. A harmonious garden is a series of changing views. It is very important to control which garden pictures open from the gate, from front door and windows of the house, from the recreation area, etc.

In the garden, you should not plant every square centimeter of space; it is important to ensure alternation and the correct ratio of open and closed spaces. Open space is anything that is below human eye level, such as a lawn, paving, or pond. Closed space is what is above eye level, these are trees, high hedges, etc. There is a rule: in northern countries, including middle lane Russia, the ratio of closed and open spaces should be 1:2 (the area of ​​the house is excluded from consideration), that is, the area of ​​open spaces should be approximately twice as large as the area of ​​closed spaces.

In a well-planned garden you want to take a walk, sit in those places from where the most beautiful views, see interesting garden plants.

When starting to plan a garden with your own hands, you need to correctly balance the size of the area adjacent to the house with the ideas you have. The smaller the size of the plot, the more complex the garden layout, since you will have to take care to carry out proper zoning without overloading the area with excesses. Here landscape tricks will come to the rescue; they are simply irreplaceable when planning a garden. And one of them is planning using a scale grid.

How to properly plan a garden on a site (with photo)

Before you can properly plan a garden that pleases you with proportionate proportions and strict cleanliness of lines, you need to carry out functional zoning and thereby make the space suitable and comfortable specifically for your family.

When planning a garden, the design of which is dominated by clear lines, it is convenient, logical and comfortable; geometric solutions are especially suitable for small areas; in addition, it good way connect the house with the garden. The smaller the garden area, the more concise its plan should be.

Photo gallery

Look at the photo: the garden layout using simple geometric shapes such as a circle or square is typical not only for the classic regular version, it is also suitable for a completely modern garden.

Before you plan your garden on your property, have a scale grid available. Its step can be selected based on architectural features houses, if any, is often the distance between the windows of the house. The size of the mesh may vary, but it is always based on the size of the house: if the house is large, then the mesh is large, and vice versa. You can take the distance between fence posts as a step.

A garden plot designed using an unreasonably fine grid will be overloaded with details. For small gardens up to 6 acres, its size is 2-3 m.

The grid is just a tool, but an extremely important tool, with its help you can try to create a harmonious and logical garden design, it will tell you where to start designing.

Types of garden layout using a scale grid

There are three types of layout using a scale grid. The most common is the rectangular version, it is the most obvious, often very simple, sometimes almost primitive, but extremely functional.

The grid in the rectangular version always starts from the facade of the house; in this version, all lines of the garden (paths, borders of flower beds, paving, lawns) are parallel or perpendicular to the facade of the house.

Photo gallery

Pay attention to the photo on how to plan a garden using diagonal lines: this type of layout not only allows you to come up with original design solutions, but also helps to visually enlarge the garden space, as if to expand its boundaries, because the diagonal is always larger than the side of the rectangle. In this case, the garden lines are also straight, but located at an angle of 45° to the facade of the house. Plans made using diagonals add lightness and dynamics to garden design; they are always interesting.

The third option for planning a garden is circular. Designing a garden using circles is not easy, but the result is impressive, so it’s worth trying.

When designing your own garden, I advise you not to be lazy, make all three possible options and even their combinations, and then choose the most impressive one.

If you're thinking about how to lay out your garden but don't like straight lines, by designing your garden using a grid, you can easily create smooth lines by rounding the corners.

Shape is the most important part of any object; information about color, texture, size in relation to shape is secondary. Any design work should begin with the choice of form. Of all the existing forms, the circle and the ball are closest to man, because such forms are created by nature itself - let’s remember, for example, an apple, the sun, the full moon, the wheel and the millstone have long been known and familiar. The circle symbolizes enlightenment, perfection, the yin-yang symbols are also enclosed in the circle.

The round shape is suitable for decorating any garden element- lawn, paved area, flower arrangement, pond. If the recreation area or lawn is shaped like a circle, and the paths are designed in the form of smooth lines that are parts of circles various diameters, such a garden looks spacious and cozy.

The round-shaped area looks great against the background of a round-shaped lawn; it is paved with rectangular clinker bricks in a circle, which once again emphasizes its shape. The circle as an element of garden design creates the intimacy and privacy that is so necessary in this place. By the way, there is also a round umbrella, which not only protects the owners of the garden and their guests from the sun, but also follows the shape of the paved area. Paving is not the only option for covering a recreation area; a round wooden deck slightly raised above the ground is also very good.

Pergolas are widely used in the modern garden; most often their pillars are located in a straight line, but this is not the only possible variant, pergolas look interesting, the bases of the pillars are located in a circle.

A circle is the ideal shape for a lawn. It is this geometric figure that organizes the effect of spaciousness even in a small area. A dense environment of shrubs and herbaceous perennials creates ideal conditions for privacy in such a garden.

Garden layout: landscape design tricks

If you are designing a garden using geometric lines and shapes, they should be clearly legible not only on the plan, but also when taking it out into nature, everything should be checked down to the centimeter, even a little negligence in this case is absolutely inappropriate.

For correct layout In the garden, a combination of the two options is often used. For example, in the case of a rectangular pond with quarter-circle cutouts at the corners, this is a combination of rectangular and circular options. Spectacular cutouts are emphasized by trimmed “hemispheres” of bushes. In our climate zone, they can be made from Thunberg barberry, Japanese spirea, brilliant cotoneaster, alpine Schmidt currant, snowberry, and globular-shaped thuja occidentalis, for example the “Globosa” variety, is also good for this purpose. Almost adjacent to one of the corners of the pond is a recreation area in the shape of a circle with a round table and chairs in the middle.

Another illustration of the theme good combination rectangular and circular layout. The paved area is shaped like a rectangle combined with an adjacent semicircle. Adjacent to it is a reservoir consisting of two symmetrical parts, each also using straight lines and quarter circles. The “roundness” of the composition is emphasized by boxwood balls in ceramic pots; in our climate, the same effect can be achieved by pruning the dwarf Japanese spirea of ​​the Little Princes variety, the leaves of which are as small as boxwood leaves.

Whether we realize it or not, our eye identifies geometric shapes in the garden; they are good for harmonizing space; the repetition of such elements can make any design more stylish and calm.

What should you do to reap a rich harvest from your plot every year? Is there enough fertile land, timely application of fertilizers and treatment of plants against pests? It would seem that here they are - the treasured acres, just plant them and reap the results. But it's not that simple. Conflicts exist not only among people, but also among plants.

But we are not trees, we can move away from our opponent, but plants do not have this opportunity. Therefore, before you start planting, you should develop a planting plan. And in order to draw up a plan correctly, you need to have knowledge of what crops grew in the previous few years in each plot, how fertile each plot is, which plants can be planted together, and which are best kept away from each other, and other factors.

Planning a vegetable garden

To arrange a vegetable garden, you need to choose an open area, since all vegetables love sunlight. Onions can be planted in an area near a house, fence or other structures in partial shade; they are the only ones capable of growing in shade. But you shouldn’t count on a big harvest.

Be sure to take into account the compatibility of vegetables. The celery family and the onion family are family friends. Cabbage will be a good neighbor for them, as well as potatoes, dill and lettuce.

Potatoes alone go well with beans, corn, horseradish, onions and cabbage.

Radishes acquire improved taste and become larger when adjacent to bush beans.

Tomatoes are combined with greens, cabbage, asparagus and beans.

Carrots are, in principle, peaceful and can be combined with almost all crops, including peas.

In addition to carrots, peas are friends with cucumbers, potatoes, corn and radishes. And radish, in principle, has a good disposition, positively influencing other vegetables.

But cabbage, tomatoes and beans cannot boast of good neighborly relations.

Cucumber is not compatible with potatoes, potatoes with tomato and pumpkin, tomato with fennel.

You should not plant peas and beans next to onions and garlic, or radishes next to hyssop.

Planning a garden

Upon landing garden trees you have to use analytical thinking as much as possible, in particular the ability to plan for several years ahead. After all, a tree is not a potato; you can’t replant it next year. Not only do you need to choose the right planting location for each tree. It is also necessary to calculate the planting of vegetables, flowers, and bushes relative to trees.

Vegetables and shrubs should never be planted near young trees. It may seem at first good decision, since this arrangement saves space well. But in a few years the trees will grow, and garden crops and berries will be in the shade.

Of course, vegetables can be planted in a new place every year, but that’s if there is one. And not all shrubs will be happy about a quick change of place of residence. In general, when planning a garden, you should either immediately allocate space for each crop, or understand where it can be allocated in a few years.

Those who plan to grow strawberries, berry bushes, cherries and plums in the garden should know that each of these plants has its own ideal time to bear fruit in one place, and over time they will have to be replanted.

It's a little easier with berry bushes. At good care they are capable of bearing fruit for a very long time in one place. With regular pruning and spraying, plants can produce a good harvest within 10 - 15 years without changing their place of residence.

But strawberries should not be grown in one place for more than 3 years. Therefore, one of its beds should be cleared every year for vegetables, and a vegetable bed for strawberries. In this case, it is immediately clear that it is more convenient to take the strawberries to the garden, so that it is easier to change the beds. In addition, it is better to plant strawberries in places where snow lingers well in winter.

When planting shrubs, it is necessary to take into account their preferences. Gooseberries and red currants like dry, well-lit areas, while black currants prefer wetter areas. Raspberries produce many root branches, while sea buckthorn has long roots. These plants interfere with the development of others, so they are planted separately.

Tall trees and shrubs planted close to the boundary can shade neighboring areas; this, of course, is unacceptable. Only by respecting the rights of your neighbors can you demand the same respect for yourself. Vigorous trees should be planted at a distance of two meters from the border, and medium-sized trees at least a meter away. The distance between the border and the trees can be filled with currant, raspberry and gooseberry bushes.

To ensure that the house receives enough light, tall trees should be planted deep into the site. And plant flowers, vegetables, herbs, strawberries, and shrubs next to your home.

To take into account all the nuances when planting and replanting plants, you need to know data about which plants grew in each plot over the previous 3-4 years. It would be useful to predict exactly how plants will be replanted not only in the current year, but also in the next few years.

In this regard, a computer makes life much easier. With the help of special programs, you can recreate a site plan and note in which year and where certain crops grew.

For those for whom this method is not suitable, you can redraw the plan every year with a simple pencil and store all the plans for the previous few years. True, this is not very convenient; you constantly have to erase the drawings and apply them again.

To simplify this process, you can draw and cut out identical rectangles from a blank sheet of paper, each of which will indicate a specific crop that the summer resident is going to plant, and try to assemble a “puzzle” for future planting on last year’s site plan.

The method is convenient because you don’t have to constantly erase and redraw missing details, and you can easily correct omissions by simply moving the rectangle to a new location.