Warming the loggia step by step instructions. Balcony insulation (100 photos): step-by-step instructions, tips and tricks from the masters. Features of external and internal insulation of the balcony

Any target year-round use balcony space assumes its insulation, of course, if you do not use the balcony as a freezer in winter. A study or a "closet" for storing conservation, a winter garden or a place for secluded relaxation ... How to insulate a balcony with your own hands to implement your plan?

The sequence of actions to insulate the balcony consists in the following stages:

• studying the condition of the balcony and drawing up an action plan
• strengthening the parapet - creating a supporting structure,
• exterior decoration,
• glazing,
• thermal insulation,
• sealing,
• fine finishing.

Sequence planning

First things first, study the condition of the balcony, both from the side of the street and from the side of the apartment. And it doesn't matter that you have already been to this balcony hundreds of times - a new look at the balcony from the point of view of repair will allow you to see the previously invisible and study the insulated surfaces.

Make a work plan. Let this be a preliminary plan, but it will allow you to decide on the purchase of the necessary materials, ordering double-glazed windows, etc.

Solving the problem of how to insulate a balcony with your own hands, you will definitely need information on the basic methods of insulation. Don't limit yourself to just this article. The more you know, the more various repair opportunities will open before you.

Important! The next step in your actions should be "total eviction of the inhabitants" of the balcony. After all, usually an uninsulated balcony is a place to store many unnecessary things.

Reinforcement of the parapet

Since you are planning to insulate the balcony, you should take care of a reliable base for installing the glazing frame. The standard parapet of the "Soviet" -built balcony has a parapet in the form of a thin low metal fence, which is quite strong in itself, but the quality of its fixation in the balcony slab often leaves much to be desired.

But even if it is fixed well and is able to withstand the weight of the glazing frame, then it is not possible to properly fix the frame on the parapet.

The fact is that a standard parapet actually runs along the edge of a concrete balcony slab. And if you install a frame on such a parapet, then to fix it, you will have to drill the top plate almost at the very edge, which will inevitably lead to "spalling" of the latter.

In order to properly fix the glazing frame from all sides, including from above, it is necessary to shift the plane of the frame installation inside the balcony by a few centimeters (5-7 cm) relative to the edge of the upper plate. You can check the need for such a reconstruction using a plumb line.

This will happen to the detriment useful area balcony, but will allow you to securely fix the frame for its many years of "life".

Attention! It is unacceptable to fix the frame on the mounting foam, since over time (1-2 years) it collapses under the influence of the sun and wind loads on the plane of the windows.

Such a design can be optimally made from a bar of 50x70 mm. The option of using gas blocks is not entirely acceptable, since they will create an additional weight load on balcony slabthat, coupled with the heavy glazing frame construction, can cause the balcony to collapse.

External finishing of parapet and side walls

It is necessary to decide on the external finishing of the parapet. Performing such work before glazing will provide you with a lot of installation facilities, such as siding. On the implementation of such work, you can view a lot of materials outside the format of this article.

In short, from such material as siding, you can say that it belongs to the group PVC profiles... It is a frost-resistant and weather-resistant finishing material used for outdoor use.

The design of the profile provides ease of installation, which must be done very carefully on the balcony. The consequence of an unscrupulous and illiterate siding installation is strips torn off by the wind, which cannot be put back so easily.

Video: highlights in siding installation

Be careful! When installing siding, it is CATEGORALLY CONTRAINDICATED FOR HEALTH to bend over the balcony parapet for the installation of external finishing material. All work on securing the siding can and should be carried out through the balcony railing. And for safety of work, use a mounting belt with a chain and a carabiner.

Video: "Errors when installing siding"

The external finishing of the balcony can also be done with plastic clapboard or corrugated board.

Glazing of the balcony for the purpose of its insulation

Having decided to insulate the balcony with your own hands, you will not pass by the stage of its glazing. The glazing of the balcony can be carried out along the entire perimeter of the parapet or partially by making the side walls and the side parts of the front side "blind" I hope you have already realized that a serious supporting structure is needed under the glazing, the presence of which will guarantee longevity window frame balcony. As a glazing today, the best option in the comparison "price-quality" are metal-plastic windows. Their durability and durability in the "company" with the correct installation firmly hold such windows in the leading positions in the building materials market.

To insulate balconies, you can use single-chamber (there is a possibility of freezing in winter) or double-chamber double-glazed windows ( perfect optionbut heavier).

It is advisable to choose five-chamber profiles of frame structures from reliable manufacturers.

For more details about choosing a glazing option, see the article "Insulation of a loggia".

Balcony insulation

How to properly insulate a balcony after glazing? Now we are talking mainly about internal insulation, since "carrying out" insulation "work outside at a height with your own hands is highly not recommended - contact the specialists of high-altitude workers.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside? And what is the best way to insulate the balcony inside?

All materials and technologies used must meet the following criteria:

• insulation for the balcony must be non-combustible;
• calculate the permissible load on the base of the balcony, especially in the case of erecting a support masonry made of foam concrete or aerated concrete (a balcony is not a loggia);
• the insulation should have a minimum thickness with maximum heat-insulating properties - the balcony area is not unlimited;
• take care of the additional heat source on the balcony, remembering that it is legally prohibited to take out central heating pipes and radiators to balconies.

It is possible to insulate the balcony qualitatively only with the obligatory insulation of the supporting parapet, floor, ceiling and right and left side walls. On a small balcony, it will be effective to use effective thin insulation, for example, penofol, penoplex.

Stages of creating an insulating layer

When choosing a way to insulate a balcony with your own hands, you should decide on the choice of heat-insulating material. How to insulate the balcony inside? What is the best insulation for a balcony? Basalt is suitable, mineral wool, polystyrene (FLAMMABLE!). The optimal choice can be expanded polystyrene foam, which is resistant to moisture, temperature extremes, aggressive environmental influences and, at the same time, has high thermal insulation qualities.

Before installing the insulation, the installation plane must be carefully waterproofed from external exposure to moisture. For these purposes, a waterproofing film (up to 200 microns) or foamed polyethylene (4-10 mm) is used. Installation is carried out on double-sided tape, staples, foam, glue - the choice of method depends on the base. The joints of the sheets are carefully glued with tape.

The thermal insulation layer must be covered with a vapor barrier. It can be foil-coated penofol. This material is placed with the foil side inside the room - this will create an additional heat-reflecting layer.

Attention! In the case of using a wadded insulation, a mandatory-recommended element is a vapor barrier layer, which is designed to prevent warm steam from entering the vapor barrier layer from the side of the room.

Some ways to insulate a balcony with your own hands

• What material to insulate the balcony?
• As we have already mentioned several times, you can insulate the balcony with various thermal insulation materials... Let's consider some individual insulation methods.

Thermal insulation of the balcony with polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene)

Polyfoam - aka expanded polystyrene, it is also a heat insulator with low thermal conductivity due to its structure, saturated with large air "bubbles". Available for use in the form of slabs with a thickness of 50-150 mm. Slabs up to 100 mm thick are suitable for us.

The advantages of insulating the balcony with foam plastic include the hygroscopicity of this material, that is, its resistance to moisture.

"Steps" in the process of insulation with expanded polystyrene:

• deep priming of balcony surfaces;
• installation of plates with a special adhesive;
• additional fastening of plates with umbrella-type dowels;
• we fix the vapor barrier layer (for those who are pedantic about the task at hand - all others can do without);
• we reinforce the surface with a fiberglass mesh fixed with an adhesive solution;
• we putty, plaster, paint, etc.

Styrofoam - like insulation on the balcony

We insulate with foam

Penoplex or extruded polystyrene foam is better, but also more expensive material for insulating a balcony. Penoplex slabs with a thickness of 20-100mm often have a stepped protrusion at the edges, which allows you to get a better connection when joining such as "quarter" or "thorn-groove".

At temperatures up to "-25 o C", a 40 mm insulation layer is sufficient. In "frosty" climatic conditions, a 50-70mm foam layer is required.

Insulating with Penoplex, we act like this:

• we waterproof the surface on which we will mount the foam plates;
• installation of plates is carried out "end-to-end" (mandatory!)
• if the slabs will be plastered in the future, then they must be attached to the adhesive composition + we make a "control" fixation using dowels - umbrellas, and in case of another decorative finishing - it will be enough just to fix the plates with dowels-"umbrellas" (5-8 pcs. per plate);

Note! If the front wall of the balcony is made of foam blocks or other "solid" material, then for installation on it (also on the side and ceiling surfaces) Penoplex should not be made of wood or other crate. In comparison with the thermal insulation properties of foam, wood is the worst heat insulator. Therefore, the lathing will simply create "bridges" of cold, which will be very inappropriate. For the subsequent installation of drywall or lining, the crate is made over a layer of vapor barrier laid on a penoplex. The resulting air pockets will play the role of additional heat insulators.

Thermal insulation of a balcony with mineral wool

If, in response to the question of what material to insulate the balcony, you say - mineral wool! Well - this is an option, but far from the best. For we have almost come to the dominant answer in the dispute "which insulation is better for the balcony" - Penoplex. And wool with a small thickness will not give a sufficient heat-insulating effect, but it will be a little "difficult" to install when eliminating the gaps between its plates.

But, "the owner is a master"!

We will tell you how to insulate a balcony from the inside with mineral wool:

• remember about the waterproofing of the surface and, of course, we carry it out;
• carefully and neatly glue sheets of cotton wool on the surface (without pushing them) with a minimum gap;
• after the glue dries, we additionally fix it with dowels - "umbrellas";
• and again vapor barrier - here it is MANDATORY!
• then the installation of a reinforcing mesh or lathing and decorative finishing.

Note! When insulating the floor, working with mineral wool will be much easier. It is placed between the logs on a waterproofed surface. Cover the top with a layer of vapor barrier and rough floor material.

Additional heat sources

If your insulated balcony does not make one whole with the room, but is isolated from it by a window and a balcony door, it will be useful to install an additional heating device on it. The best option there will be use of electric heating devices: convectors, oil or ceramic radiators. The heat source power of 1 kW will allow you to install the necessary comfortable temperature on a balcony up to 4m2. ... With a larger balcony area, it is recommended to use two heat sources with a power of 1 kW for a more uniform heating of the entire volume and walls of the insulated balcony.

Today materials for the organization of "warm floor" have become available. The power consumption of an underfloor heating made using a heating electric cable for a standard balcony (up to 4 m 2) will be approximately 1 kW.

Read about this in more detail in the article "Installation of underfloor heating under tiles."

If you are using an individual heating system, consider water radiators on an insulated balcony.

And so! .. You have already read about how to insulate a balcony with your own hands! Read more in other sources! After all, it is still possible to insulate the balcony from the inside with clapboard ... And with liquid insulation ...

Now it remains to decide on the option of what is better to insulate the balcony inside, or choose several in order to calculate how much it costs to insulate the balcony.

Yes, more! Entrust the balcony glazing process to the "pros" - why risk expensive structures, as well as people and cars moving under your balcony.

Today's balcony in many apartments turns into a full-fledged room, a functional space. This is especially true for small apartments, whose tenants value every centimeter. If the balcony is insulated, it becomes an office, a closet, a resting place, a mini greenhouse, a dining room or an extra bed. There are many options for using it. The main thing is to do quality work on its insulation. Only in this case it will be warm and cozy on the balcony.

Features and Benefits

In the warm season, the whole family can rest on the balcony, but when autumn comes, this room becomes useless. If you insulate it, the situation will change. The plus is that all the planned work is easy to do on your own. Additionally warm room Is a space where it is easy to create a small work or relaxation area. In addition, the presence of a warm balcony will automatically make the apartment cozier and warmer. You can attach a living room or kitchen to it, depending on its location. This will create extra space.

Before doing insulation or glazing, you need to get expert advice. He will definitely tell you what kind of load a warm balcony can withstand, whether it is worth strengthening it. If the base is a strong concrete slab, the question of reinforcement does not arise. But the metal parapet must be reinforced with foam blocks or light bricks made of ceramic material. The same should be done in the case of a fragile fastening of a reinforced concrete base.

For insulation, double-glazed windows can be used wooden frames... They are environmentally friendly, allow windows to "breathe", but are expensive. Aluminum windows insulated with polyamide inlays increase the thermal insulation of the room. The most optimal would be the equipment of PVC windows with double glazing, which reliably retain heat.

Such windows are cheaper than wooden ones, but at the same time their thermal insulation is not inferior to aluminum ones.

What materials are better to choose

For the decoration of balconies or loggias today there are many varieties of finishing materials, with the help of which they give even the smallest room an original and attractive look. The main thing is to make the right choice of material for finishing. For insulation, experts recommend using cork, plastic panels, lining with a wooden or plastic base, drywall, plaster, MDF panels, decorative stone, aluminum profile, penoplex, expanded polystyrene, penofol.

Mineral wool, styrofoam finishing - perfect solution for self-warming a room.

In the case of a non-insulated balcony, it is better to give preference to artificial stone, plastic frost-resistant lining, cork panels or tiles. The following materials are most often used for finishing:

Drywall

• This material differs in that there are no toxic substances in its basis, it is easy to process and is combined with other finishing materials in design. Drywall can be plastered, painted, wallpapered, sheathed with panels and clapboard. With the help of such a versatile material, it is enough to simply turn the balcony into a full-fledged living room.

PVC panels

• A practical solution, but it is better not to use this material if the constant temperature on the balcony is below five degrees. This problem can be solved with the help of frost-resistant panels, developed using new technologies. This material is not afraid of moisture, but it is able to quickly lose color from direct sunlight. This point should be taken into account if the room is located on the south side. Advantages: low cost, quick and easy installation with glue.

Cork panels

• They create coziness that cannot be organized using other finishing materials. Cork panels are pressed bark of cork oak. Cork panels are easy to install and are suitable for any type of balcony, regardless of the room temperature. The cork panel does not absorb foreign odors, including the smell of tobacco. Lack of material - high price. For insulation, inexpensive penoplex is also used, mineral wool is perfect.

How to properly insulate a balcony with your own hands: step by step instructions

A balcony in a city apartment is a special space. This piece of the house, brought out under the open sky, can become an office, a greenhouse or a resting corner, you just have to glaze and isolate it.

Do-it-yourself balcony insulation will save a lot of money. Sheathing in panel house, in "Khrushchev" is done taking into account the characteristics of the apartment and building.

• Step 1... To begin with, the old frames are dismantled, the surface is prepared and things are taken out. Insulation from the inside is an important stage in the entire process.

• Step 2... At the second stage, it is necessary to glaze the balcony. The best option would be windows plastic pvc... Many people prefer to keep the old wooden frames. However, remember that even if wooden structures in good condition, they will not be able to organize the same heat saving. There are cracks in the tree, so it makes no sense to engage in insulation in this situation.

• Step 3... After the plastic windows are installed, you can start to warm the floor. Be prepared for the floor to get higher. Consider this if the ceiling is low.

• Step 4... Wall cladding is carried out after the installation of windows and floor insulation. The walls on the balcony are side walls, except for the main one. At the final stage of insulation, finishing work... The choice of materials depends on the budget. In the process of finishing, window slopes are installed overlooking the balcony.

Required tools and materials

• In order to insulate a balcony or loggia, you will need the following tools: a hacksaw for metal or a clerical knife; roulette; level; pencil, marker or any other writing instrument; glue application tool - brush, spatula and so on; other instruments. From the materials you need glue and the insulation itself. In addition, you will need a vapor barrier film and a windproof membrane.

A frame device is also required. In this case, you will need wooden beams, as well as nails to secure them. You may also need special fasteners - nails with very wide heads. They are used when polystyrene is not attached with glue.

Insulation inside

• High-quality thermal insulation combined with double glazing transforms the balcony into a living space. It is necessary to insulate not only the walls, but also the floor with the ceiling. Insulation materials must be durable, lightweight, safe for humans. Due to precipitation and condensation, the walls of the balcony can become damp and moldy, which means that a hydro and vapor barrier is needed.

Polystyrene foam meets these requirements as much as possible: traditional foam and Penoplex thermal insulation boards. The first is very lightweight, compressive strength, and waterproof. Penoplex is insulation made of extruded polystyrene foam. It has a margin of safety and durability superior to conventional foam, and its shape makes it easy to grip and provides perfect insulation. Balcony cladding with slabs can be performed both inside and outside.

Insulation of a closed balcony begins with surface preparation. It is necessary to carefully cover the gaps and joints between the floor, walls and parapet with polyurethane foam without toluene in the composition. Metal constructions need to be cleaned from rust, covered with oil paint and treated with a building antiseptic.

Before laying the insulation, they put windows and doors. Window sills and slopes are mounted at the last stage of work. The glazing of the balcony depends on the parapet. If this is just a metal crate, it needs to be built up with ceramic (lightweight) bricks or foam blocks. The thickness should not exceed ten centimeters. To protect the foam blocks, at the finishing stage, they are covered with corrugated board.

Floor

Window structures can be installed on a reinforced concrete parapet at once using various assembly and sealing compounds. Reinforced-plastic windows have excellent characteristics; with skillful installation, they reliably protect the balcony and look aesthetically pleasing. When choosing a model, it is worth stopping at swing frames with double glazing.

Floor

• In order to insulate the floor, you can resort to two different directions at once: making it warm or constantly heating it. We are talking about installing a floor heating system, for example, an electric one. Installation of a water system on a balcony is very inconvenient and almost impossible, but installation of an electrical or film system is easy to carry out.

photos

It all starts with preparation. A waterproofing film is laid on the floor under the tiles, which protects the floor from moisture outside. Further the crate is arranged. Instead of a lag, a bar is used, five centimeters thick. If you do not want to raise the floor too much in relation to the old coating, it is better to use a beam of low height. A square beam of 50 × 50 mm is perfect. The beams are laid every 40-60 cm.

To prevent moisture from entering the insulation from the inside, it is covered with a vapor barrier film. It is laid on top of the beams and attached to them with a construction stapler. For internal fastening, a fastening step of 50 cm is sufficient so as not to create unnecessary holes in the film. Polystyrene must be protected from moisture on all sides. Therefore, it is better to lay the film with an overlap on the walls. All gaps between the beams and the walls should be sealed with the same insulation material or polyurethane foam.

Walls

• Many do not insulate the walls, believing that from the side of the house the cold does not come to the balcony. In many ways it is, but the work must be done. The walls themselves are not sources of cold, but the joints between them and the side walls of the balcony can be. For this reason, all the work can only consist in installing foam foam, which is vapor-tight and thin. It will protect the walls from icing and the penetration of condensate into the balcony.

• Ceiling. If we are talking about a private house, then it is best to make a special roof structure. It is recommended to make a pitched roof, the slope of which is directed away from the house. The roof is made of rafters and lathing. A waterproofing film is attached on top of it. Attached to the film roofing materialand waterproofing on top of a double-sided vapor barrier film with the absorbent side inward. From the bottom, the rafters are hemmed with a vapor-permeable windproof membrane.

The floor slab, that is, the horizontal part, must have several layers at once: insulation; vapor barrier layer; load-bearing beams with interior decoration. The device begins with the installation of the frame, namely rafter system... Next, a vapor barrier double-sided membrane is attached to it in this way. Then they arrange the crate and lay the waterproofing layer. You can use a classic roofing material or special PVC films.

• Insulation outside. In order to insulate the balcony from the outside on your own, skills are required. It is not easy to do quality work on your own, taking into account the characteristics of the building. Finishing outside means saving up to thirty percent on heating. Remember that outdoor work is fraught with some difficulties: if the balcony is higher than the second floor, then industrial climbers will have to be involved in the work.

Before starting the insulation, obtain the consent of the officials from the architecture department. Appearance a balcony can ruin the overall picture, but if you finish in the same style as the entire building, then you can get permission. External insulation has a number of advantages:

• the reinforced concrete slab remains warm, humid air from the room freely passes through it and is released into the atmosphere;
• saving useful space;
• you can install a layer of thermal insulation of any thickness, this will not affect the inner space of the balcony.

The materials can be used the same as for interior work. Preference is given to sprayed thermal insulation as the lightest and most effective. Experts recommend using foam or expanded polystyrene. Mineral wool is sensitive to moisture penetration, so its installation requires special care and accuracy.

An independent procedure for insulating a balcony is difficult. All stages must be performed at a high level, otherwise the room will not be completely isolated. A glass, panoramic, stained-glass balcony is an excellent solution for a small space. Designers advise connecting it to the expansion room. A glazed balcony connected to the kitchen on the top floor is a luxurious solution.

IN recent times more and more apartment owners in multi-storey buildings decide to expand their area by using a balcony. This is a great option if you figure out how you can properly insulate and equip it from the inside.

If the balcony is not glazed, windows must be installed before insulation. It is better to choose high-quality double-glazed windows without saving, because the amount of heat in the apartment depends on them. Elements of window structures should adhere to each other as tightly as possible so that drafts do not penetrate into the house.

The balcony is a part of the building that needs insulation more than others, because not all residents use it only as a warehouse. Increasingly, people begin to equip their balconies for an additional room, for example, a personal office. For these and not only reasons, it is necessary to produce competent insulation of the structure from the inside.

Balcony insulation stages

In modern technologies of insulation of open curtain structures (balconies), four types of material are used as internal insulation: polystyrene, penoplex, penofol and mineral wool. Consider the technological features of installation and the types of wadded insulation used for thermal insulation of balconies.

playlist

1. First, the existing gaps are closed. It is necessary to carefully examine the balcony and determine their location. The problem can be eliminated with the help of polyurethane foam, even if the slots are quite wide, only you need to choose a high-quality one, for example, "Macroflex", "Soudal", "Moment Installation". After the foam dries, the excess is trimmed with a utility knife.

2. Waterproofing the balcony from the inside. For these purposes, you can use penetrating waterproofing "Aquatron", "Penetron" and the like. They are applied with a brush, roller or spray method. The advantage of penetrating waterproofing is that it penetrates into the walls, as a result of which they become more resistant to low temperatures and more durable. In addition, waterproofing eliminates all microcracks that are invisible to the “naked” eye.

3. Laying thermal insulation material. For this purpose, you can use polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, mineral plates, etc.

Laying the vapor barrier. You can use polymer "breathing" membranes, vapor barrier films "Izospan", "Rockwool" and the like or, in extreme cases, penofol, which is laid with the foil side towards the apartment. So the heat leaving the room will come back.

4. Exterior decoration ceiling and walls on the balcony.

Insulation option in which there is no additional insulation

This technique can be used, provided that materials are available that have low vapor permeability (we are talking about materials such as foam, foam, or extruded polystyrene foam).

# 1. Balcony insulation with expanded polystyrene: sequence of works

If you chose expanded polystyrene as a heater, then the sequence of work is as follows:

After all the cracks are closed and waterproofing is done, the surface is treated with a deep penetration primer, for example "Ceresit". This can be done with a brush or spray. The primer is poured into a bucket or other container, which is not a pity, then applied to the surface. Carefully work on the walls, ceiling and floor to achieve maximum adhesion of the insulation boards to them.

After applying the primer, wait at least six hours, then continue working. If the wall is made of cinder concrete, then the primer is carried out twice.

Have a rest - we continue. We unpack the expanded polystyrene plates. They are attached with glue and fasteners. The glue must be prepared according to the instructions and mixed thoroughly. Then apply it on the first sheet, which is glued to the surface (do not forget to step back three centimeters from the edges, and leave small gaps between the sheets). Install the expanded polystyrene sheets in a checkerboard pattern.

It is up to you to lay a vapor barrier or not. In this case, it is not necessary to do it.

Reinforcing mesh installation. When all slabs are securely fixed to the walls or ceiling, the reinforcing mesh should be installed. To do this, the surface of the slabs is worked out with glue, perforated corners are fixed at their corners. The reinforcing mesh is rolled with a roller to the glued surface, then another layer of glue is applied. When the wall is dry, it is primed and plastered.

# 2. Insulation of the balcony with penoplex

Penoplex is actively used in the insulation of premises. It can be fixed to the surface using bituminous mastics, polyurethane foam or dowel mushrooms. Consider the option of mounting on polyurethane foam.

So. The waterproofing is done. Polyurethane foam is applied to the insulation plate along the perimeter. It's enough. After application, we wait a couple of seconds and fix the plate on the insulated surface. The next slab fits to the first butt. After two days, you can fix the slabs with additional dowels. Then the whole process is repeated in the same order as described above. Do the finishing at your discretion. You can sew up the insulation plates with plastic panels, they look very original.

Council. If the balcony is intended only for storing essential things on it, then it is enough to insulate the walls in one layer. If you need to insulate more thoroughly, then it is better to lay the insulation in two layers.

Number 3. Thermal insulation of a balcony with mineral wool: technology features

Thermal insulation of balconies with mineral wool is carried out under the constructed crate. A lining is attached on top of the frame - wooden or plastic panels with special grooves.

A well-known fact is the building recommendation to carry out insulation with outside building. However, when insulating balconies and loggias, it is often not possible to arrange the insulation material outside. Internal placement of a layer of insulation requires certain calculations, adherence to technology and correct selection materials so that in the future the work performed does not lead to wetting of the walls, corners and ceiling inside the outrigger structure.

Types of mineral wool

Depending on the raw materials used in the production, there are three main types of mineral wool: glass, stone and slag. All three materials are suitable for insulation work.

Minwata is soft materialwithout rigid dimensions. It is supplied in the form of rolls (they are unwound into a track before laying) or soft mats. Sometimes one side of the insulation is covered with aluminum foil to enhance the thermal insulation properties.

Important! During installation, the foil should be located on the side of the room. Inner warmth the room will bounce off the foil surface back into the living space.

The thickness of the mineral wool layer determines the quality of insulation and varies in size from 20 to 200 mm.

Mineral wool installation technology

Any kind of mineral wool is mounted under the frame, located between outside wall (ceiling, roof) and frame supports. As supports, you can use wooden sticks or metal profiles, depending on what kind of facing will be used in the future.

When using lining for finishing wall cladding, the lathing frame is constructed of wood. Wooden poles are installed with a cross section of 150 - 250 cm 2, while you can save a little inner space balcony, installing sticks of rectangular rather than square section (30 × 50 cm 2, 30 × 70 cm 2).

All posts and horizontal battens are installed under the level. Anchoring of uprights to the concrete surface of the ceiling and floor is carried out with anchor bolts. Horizontal supports are attached to vertical supports. If the future cladding is made of plastic lining, the horizontal slats are attached at three levels: knee, hip, shoulder.

For internal insulation with mineral wool, the installation of a vapor barrier is mandatory. The cotton material itself is breathable, it easily permeates gaseous substances (air, steam).

Considering that with internal insulation, the point of condensation formation shifts into the insulation, it is necessary to limit the ingress of steam or air from their living quarters into the construction wool. For this purpose, a vapor barrier film is placed between the mineral wool and the finish.

Interior decoration

Purpose interior decoration:

1. Close the insulation material from the living space.
2. Create an aesthetic interior wall covering for a room or a heated loggia.

Exist various materials for interior decoration of balconies (plasterboard, wood, plastic, plaster). With a previously constructed lathing frame, finishing is performed by hanging different types panels: plywood, MDF, lining made of wood or plastic.

Finishing clapboard is performed by wall cladding with wooden (or plastic) carriage panels, which have special grooves around the perimeter for ease of installation and fastening density. At the same time, plastic lining is often a cheaper imitation of a wooden covering laid on interior walls balcony (or loggia). It is characterized by less strength and stiffness.

Wooden carriage panels are reliable, environmentally friendly, have sufficient rigidity for the floor covering. The ceiling of the loggia can be sheathed with plastic clapboard, the floor is covered with wood, as for the walls - both types of carriage covering (plastic and wood) can be used here.

It is recommended to start clapboard cladding from the corner. Each panel is checked for verticality with a level and is fixed on the crate with a special fastener (clamp). You can fix the wagon panel with small studs.

After finishing the finish, the inner surface is treated with a compound that protects the wood from moisture and from destruction.

Problems that have to be faced with the internal insulation of the balcony

1. When sheathing walls, ceiling and floor with insulating material, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room inevitably decreases. And this shortcoming is not the only one.

2. Condensation often occurs in many structures, which is difficult to get rid of when everything construction works already produced. Why does excess moisture appear?

The insulation structure installed on the balcony includes the following elements:

1. outdoor fencing located outside; insulating material; warm room.

Air masses tend to get outside, and their moisture, which has passed through the insulation, settles on the outer fence in the form of condensation. The insulation gets wet and completely loses its performance characteristics.

Warm vapors, colliding with a cold enclosure, also become liquid. Excess moisture in a room causes many problems: for example, the appearance of mold or rotting of wooden structural elements. That is why you need to know how to properly insulate your balcony.

From the inside, this can be done in two ways.

Hydro-barrier

Hydro-barrier is a special design that prevents moisture condensation on the outer fence. The technology of its installation includes certain stages:

1. installation of vapor barrier;
2. finishing with facing materials.

The hydro-barrier makes it possible to use even moisture-resistant materials for insulation from the inside. Polyethylene or foil is used as insulation.

Important! In this case, all seams must be sealed with construction tape.to insulate the balcony with the best quality.

The disadvantage of this insulation method is that the walls cannot breathe.

Thermal insulation without additional insulation

It is possible to insulate the balcony from the inside in this way only if there are materials with low vapor permeability: foam, expanded polystyrene or extruded polystyrene foam. The design includes:

1. fiberglass mesh, also mounted with glue; finishing.

Advice! For better fastening insulation, you can use plastic dowels.

No glue is required for thermal insulation with expanded polystyrene. This material is supplied to the surface to be insulated using a spray gun, foams and dries.

Innovative insulation from TechnoNICOL LOGICPIR The balcony is suitable for walls, ceilings, floors. saves space - plate thickness from 20 mm.

1. keeps heat due to the unique thermal conductivity of 0.022 W / m ° K (compare with glass wool 0.032-0.041 W / m ° K);
2. protected from moisture, rot, mold and fire (flammability group G1 according to GOST 30244-94);
3. will last for many years (the insulation retains its properties for 50 years).

Advice! When insulating a balcony from the inside with expanded polystyrene, it is better to make a layer of material about 80 mm thick. The vapor permeability of extruded polystyrene foam is lower than that of simple polystyrene, so its layer can be even smaller.

Floor insulation

Behind the insulation of the balcony walls, the floor should be insulated. If you correctly calculate the amount of insulation and the thickness of its layer, you can make the floor on the balcony at the same level as in the other rooms.

At the first stage of work, the slab is cleaned of dirt, debris and collapsed plaster. Then the floor is covered with foil and penofol. The second stage is the fastening of the crate, previously cut with a jigsaw. Insulation plates (preferably foam) are laid between its beams, and the gaps between them are filled with foam. The final stage is the installation of flooring, linoleum or parquet and skirting boards.

This design can raise the balcony floor by about 150 mm.

Electrically heated floor

It is also possible to insulate the floor using modern technologies. Then the balcony will not differ from other rooms in practically anything. Installing heat tracing is a relatively simple process, but electricity costs increase significantly.

A special electric cable is installed to heat the balcony floor from the inside.

Important! Under no circumstances should moisture get into the cable.

Insulating construction components:

Ceiling insulation

Advice! If the neighbors living on the floor above have already insulated their balcony, there is no need to insulate the ceiling.

The most optimal material for ceiling insulation is polystyrene. It weighs very little, which is very important in this case. Its main layer is complemented by foil, which acts as a vapor barrier and heat reflector. Foil polystyrene foam is fixed with polyurethane foam glue and disc dowels. All seams are sealed with a special metal tape.

Polyfoam is attached to aluminum hangers using the same combined method.

Important! Insulation sheets should adhere to each other as tightly as possible.

All slots are filled with polyurethane foam with special care, so every, even the smallest, hole can make all work absolutely useless.

You can insulate the balcony from the inside both independently and using the services of professionals. However, these construction jobs can be easy if you follow the advice and carefully understand the technology.

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: step by step photos and instructions

(c) (c) (c)

Errors when insulating a balcony

Owners of city apartments often wonder how to insulate a balcony inside with their own hands. This procedure is really simple. However, it is still necessary to observe the established technologies during its implementation. First of all, of course, you will need to decide on how to insulate the balcony inside with your own hands. The method of covering the parapet, walls and ceiling will largely depend on the type of material chosen.

Styrofoam or mineral wool?

These two materials for the insulation of balconies and loggias are chosen most often. Expanded polystyrene costs a little more than mineral wool. However, it is also the best answer to the question of how to insulate the balcony inside. The fact is that when trimming the loggia from the side of residential premises, the so-called is inside the insulating "pie". Therefore, it is much better to use a moisture-resistant material for insulation. Inexpensive mineral wool, unfortunately, does not differ in such properties. She picks up moisture very quickly. You can, of course, use it. However, in this case, you will have to pay maximum attention to waterproofing. So the best answer to the question of how to insulate the balcony inside with your own hands is still expanded polystyrene.

Material characteristics

When choosing sheets for balcony insulation, you should pay attention to the following factors:

• density,

Expanded polystyrene sheets produced by modern manufacturers have standard sizes: 2x1, 0.5x1 or 1x1. Those who have wondered how to sheathe the balcony from the inside should think about purchasing smaller sheets. Too large slabs to be mounted in the limited space of the loggia will be very inconvenient. For a balcony, the 0.5x1 option or, in extreme cases, 1x1 is best suited.

As for the thickness, you can buy absolutely any expanded polystyrene for the balcony. The only thing that should be guided in this case is such an indicator as the area of \u200b\u200bthe loggia. After assembling the insulating cake, there should be enough free space on the balcony for a comfortable pastime. Most often, the owners of loggias of typical Soviet-built houses choose polystyrene foam with a thickness of 40-50 mm.

The density of this type of insulation can be found by looking at the marking. The best answer to the question of how to sheathe the balcony from the inside would be the use of 15-25 grade expanded polystyrene. The higher the numbers, the lower the thermal conductivity of the material, and the more fragile it is. If the expanded polystyrene is supposed to be covered with decorative plaster or wallpaper in the future, it is worth buying thicker plates. If lining or panels will be used as a quality, you can take loose sheets that retain heat well.

Where to begin?

So, how to insulate the balcony inside with your own hands, you now know. Next, let's figure out how to do it right. Before proceeding with the installation of the insulating "pie", it is necessary to carefully prepare the loggia itself. First of all, they dismantle the wooden floors. Then they begin to repair the parapet. If there are through slots in it, they must be sealed with a sealant. Chips close up cement mortar or moisture resistant putty. The walls, floor and ceiling are prepared in the same way.

Loggia waterproofing

Asking the question of how to properly insulate the balcony with their own hands inside, the owners of the apartment must first of all take care that in this small room it was always dry. Waterproofing when performing this operation is considered mandatory (especially when using mineral wool as insulation). In its absence:

the service life of the balcony finish will be reduced;

all metal structures will quickly rust;

due to high humidity various kinds of fungi will begin to develop, as a result of which an unpleasant odor will appear on the loggia.

Sometimes on balconies uninsulated in this way, even supporting structures begin to collapse, which, of course, is very dangerous.

The easiest way is to waterproof the balcony using bitumen-polymer mastic. It is heated to a liquid state, the floor is poured over it and the parapet is coated in 2-3 layers. Sometimes roll materials are also used to waterproof the balcony.

What glue is needed

Those who wondered how to insulate a balcony inside with foam or expanded polystyrene should, among other things, take care of using suitable glue to fix the sheets. It is allowed to mount this material directly on the mastic (on polymer-bitumen - immediately, on bitumen - after complete drying). In this case, you should use a special glue. It's called Bitumast.

What else do you have to buy

Thus, you now know how to insulate the balcony inside with your own hands. A photo of expanded polystyrene sheets - the most suitable material for this purpose - can be seen on the page. However, in addition to them and glue, to insulate the balcony, you will also need to prepare:

reinforcing mesh,

dowels-fungi,

polyurethane foam (no toluene),

decorative plaster or wallpaper.

Pasting technology

So, next, let's see how to insulate the loggia from the inside. Installation of sheets should start from the corner. This rule is true both when pasting a parapet, and walls or ceilings. Actually, the installation operation itself is performed as follows:

Expanded polystyrene sheets are roughened. To do this, they are passed with a special needle roller. Treated in this way, they will hold up much better.

A support rail is attached to the bottom of the parapet.

The adhesive solution is evenly applied to the surface of the wall, ceiling or parapet.

Press the polystyrene foam tightly to the surface.

The material for insulating the balcony from the inside should be mounted in such a way that the joints between the sheets have a T-shaped appearance (as when laying bricks). After the plate is glued, it should be additionally secured with mushroom dowels (5 per sheet). Holes for them can be drilled directly through the sheets. At the final stage, the joints are processed. In this case, construction foam is used.

Reinforcing mesh gluing

Expanded polystyrene is an excellent answer to the question of what is the best way to insulate a balcony inside. However, decorative plaster on this material does not hold very well. To remedy the situation, use a special reinforcing mesh. Mount it as follows:

Previously, the expanded polystyrene surface of the ceiling, parapet and walls is completely coated with glue (for foam).

On top of it, another layer of glue is applied. Its thickness should be such that the mesh joints do not protrude above the surface plane.

Fine finishing

So, we figured out how to insulate a balcony with our own hands. Step by step photo this process is presented above. As you can see, this procedure is relatively simple. At the final stage, the dried adhesive surface is passed with a special float to roughen it. Next, proceed to applying decorative plaster... You can also wallpaper the balcony.

Second way

The loggia insulation technique discussed above is suitable when using dense polystyrene foam. And if the owners decided to buy mineral wool as an insulator? How to insulate a balcony with your own hands? A step-by-step (photo of the process is presented below) guidance for performing work in this case will look like this:

A frame is attached to the parapet, walls, floor and ceiling. wooden beams... The step between its elements should be equal to the width of the plates of the selected insulation. The timber can be fixed to the concrete parapet with self-tapping screws. For balconies with a metal fence, an independent paving structure is assembled.

Further, the insulation itself is inserted between the elements of the frame. The material is attached to the concrete parapet with "fungi" (expanded polystyrene can be additionally glued). If the fence is metal, it is better to use cotton wool and insert it into a spat. If polystyrene foam is chosen for insulation, for example, you can fix plywood on the back of the frame and glue the material to it.

It is stretched over the insulation. It is better to fasten it with thin rails (two on each side of the timber).

the balcony is finished with clapboard, plastic panels, plasterboard or plywood. Attach the material to the frame beams.

How to insulate the floor

The base of the balcony is insulated last. The floor is pre-waterproofed, and then logs are installed on it. The answer to the question of what to insulate inside is simple. Most often, expanded polystyrene or mineral wool is placed between the bars. You can also use expanded clay. A vapor barrier is attached on top of the insulation, and then a floor or edged board... Then the floor is covered with linoleum or trimmed with any other suitable material.

Heated balcony

Whatever the answer to the question of how to insulate the balcony inside, the owners of the house have chosen for themselves, subject to the installation technology, in the future it will be possible to have a good time here, including in winter. However, on very cold days, even on an isolated loggia, additional heating may be required. It is strictly forbidden to carry out central heating by regulations. therefore the best solution will set the usual here electric heater... It should be placed against the wall separating the balcony and the apartment. It is not recommended to install heating devices near the parapet. The fact is that in this case, due to the rising warm air on the balcony, the glass will start to fog up strongly.

You can also arrange on the loggia

Warm floor

This work is done as follows:

Heat-insulating material is laid on the floor.

Installed metal

The heating cable is being laid.

A thermostat is hung on the wall.

A concrete screed with a thickness of 30-40 mm is poured.

The floor covering is laid.

Well, we hope we have quite extensively answered the question of how to insulate the balcony inside with our own hands and how to do it correctly. The most important thing when assembling a "pie" is not to violate the established technology. In this case, the balcony will turn out to be cozy and warm.

Each owner of an apartment with a balcony can be considered a happy person to some extent. Due to this part of the apartment, you can expand the area of \u200b\u200byour home. The balcony can be used not only as a place to store old things. With some effort, you can arrange a study there.

However, in order to create a room on the balcony with comfortable conditions, in which one could be without outerwear in winter time, you need to take care of its additional insulation. There are quite a few options for thermal insulation of this structure. Which one to choose, each owner decides for himself. Consider the most common ways to insulate a balcony to turn it into a multifunctional room.

Basic concepts when working on balcony insulation

First, it is necessary to separate two closely related concepts "balcony" and "loggia". Many people confuse them, believing that there is no difference between them. However, there is a difference.

If we talk about the balcony, then it is a remote type structure that completely extends outside the building. The floor on the balcony is a concrete slab, which is built into the wall. It has a metal lattice fence along its perimeter. In the process of insulating the balcony, this the lattice can be sheathed with any material, namely:

• plastic;
• plywood;
• steel sheets.

But the loggia is a room in which only one side is open. It can be fenced with a parapet made of:

• metal;
• bricks;
• concrete;
• plastic.

How to insulate a balcony yourself: insulation scheme and work plan

If you set out to insulate the balcony with your own hands, then you need to start work with the creation of a glazing structure. For the reason that the balcony is on the street and when created, it is not isolated in any way, therefore, when glazing it, it is best to use frames with double-glazed windows. For those people who live in regions with a harsh climate, the best choice there will be triple-glazed windows.

Through the use of insulation on the balcony, the effect of a "thermos" should be created. For this you need to create high-quality insulation for the future room. The use of modern materials will keep the loggia warm.

Work order

If we talk about the technology of insulation of balconies in general, then we note the following stages that it includes.

When the glazing structure is installed, work is done to seal all the cracks. To do this, use polyurethane foam or resort to the help of sealants. If the slots are too wide, then they are covered with pieces of plywood or foam is used.

Further it is necessary to waterproof all surfaces balcony from the inside. The market offers a wide range of materials to effectively solve this problem. For example, you can use roofing felt, which is overlapped and glued to the base. Used for gluing joints gas-burner... In addition to roofing material, liquid penetrating substances can also be used. One of the most popular is the penetron. It is applied to the surface using a brush or roller. After that, it is necessary to fix the insulation.

When this is done, proceed to the vapor barrier device. To create it, you can use polyethylene foam with a foil layer. Fastening of this material is performed end-to-end. When it is laid, it is glued with aluminum tape.

Then they move on to finishing the ceiling and walls of the future room. The owner himself decides what materials to use in these works. After that, arrange the floor. He can be:

• bulk;
• concrete;
• wooden.

Note that the given insulation scheme for your new room is universal. It can be used for a balcony or loggia. The main thing is to adhere to all the steps and perform them in the correct sequence. Do not use something inexpensive for thermal insulation work. In this case, the insulation will be of poor quality and will not last long.

How to insulate a balcony from the inside: the easiest ways

When the task is to perform high-quality insulation of the balcony, you can use one of several methods. The choice in favor of a certain one will depend on the further use of the insulated balcony.

On the technical properties materials you need to navigate when choosing a heater for thermal insulation of the balcony. There are quite a lot of materials on the market, and they all differ in their characteristics. The most important ones are:

• coefficient of thermal conductivity;
• composition;
• structure.

Insulation of the balcony with penoplex

Penoplex is a material belonging to the group of extruded polystyrene foam. It has high thermal conductivity and excellent moisture protection. In addition, its positive qualities are flexural and compressive strength. Manufacturers offer it in the form of slabs, in which the thickness can vary from 20 to 100 mm. Slabs of this material are smooth and with a surface on which there are protrusions in a thorn-groove pattern. The use of the latter provides a simple fastening of the material.

If severe winters are frequent in the area of \u200b\u200byour residence, then in this case, when choosing penoplex, preference should be given to plates with a large thickness. If you live in a region with a mild climate, then a foam board up to 40 mm thick should be used when insulating a balcony.

The methods of attaching the penoplex largely depends on what kind of finishing material the owner will use for insulation.

If your plans include plating your future room with drywall or using plastic panels, then in this case you can fix the insulation plates using plastic dowelsthat look like a mushroom.

Experts recommend using dowels with a length of 8 to 10 cm when fixing such a heater. If the owner plans to finish the attached room with plaster, then, in addition to fixing it to glue, it is necessary to additionally fix the penoplex on the dowels.

Penoplex insulation installation process

Work on fixing the insulation on the balcony begins with fixing the slabs to the surface with a preliminary installation of a waterproofing layer.

The assembly of the slabs is carried out end-to-end or resort to the thorn-groove scheme.

Let's note such a moment: foam-plastic slabs are not intended for fixing on a wooden crate. The device of such a system does not provide heat retention in room. Therefore, if you plan to use drywall for covering the balcony, then in this case the insulation is mounted according to the above method. Then the vapor barrier is laid. Next comes the crate, on top of which the finishing material is fixed.

At the moment, many experts call penoplex the most suitable material for thermal insulation of a balcony. The main reason is its high strength. If this material parameter is not so important for you, then you can save money on insulationif you choose a more affordable option - foam.

How warm your new insulated room will be depends a lot on the floor. Therefore, the task of warming it should be approached with all seriousness. If the work is done incorrectly, then all finishing activities carried out in this part of the apartment will be nullified.

First of all, you need to decide what material to use to insulate the floor surface. Expanded clay is not recommended for this, because it has low thermal insulation values and to create good insulation a device of a layer of considerable thickness will be required. Even so, it won't be enough. Mineral wool is not the best option either. The use of this material requires a good vapor barrier. Therefore, the most the right choice is a polystyrene sheet.

Usually the installation of the balcony floor is performed with a slight slope. This is done in order to drain the water. But since the balcony will be completely isolated from the external environment, when creating it, you can make the floor strictly horizontal.

Stages of work

The first thing to start with is laying penofol on the stove. It should be metal side up. Thanks to him, heat will be reflected on the balcony. After that, the fastening of wooden bars 40x40 cm is carried out.When placing them, you should maintain a step of 50 cm.

Further between the bars it is necessary to firmly insert the foam sheets, and the resulting cracks should be closed using polyurethane foam. Then the second layer of beams is laid perpendicular to the first. This will create an air cushion.

Next, proceed to the installation of moisture-resistant plywood, which is located on the top layer of the timber. When it is laid, all that remains is to install the floor covering. It can be a laminate or linoleum.

The same scheme can be used to insulate walls and ceilings.

Heating on the balcony

In order to always be warm on your balcony, where you will arrange a living room, you need to install an additional heating source. Earlier on the balcony, this function was performed by heating batteries, which were connected to a centralized heating system. This is currently prohibited. However, there are other options for heating the balcony, which will create a comfortable temperature on it.

If the balcony is not going to be used permanently as a room, an electric heater can be a suitable heat source. To install such a device, you only need an additional socket in the apartment and powerful electrical wiring, which must be able to withstand the additional load.

If there is not enough apartment space for arranging a study or a winter garden, then you can add several square metersif you insulate the balcony. In this part of the apartment, after thermal insulation, you can arrange a study or increase the area of \u200b\u200ban existing room. It is not so difficult to carry out thermal insulation work. The main thing is to know the technology of creating a construction of insulation and to use high-quality materials. In this case you can get an extra room, which will be warm regardless of the weather outside.