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What the csp plate consists of. Cement particle boards: properties and characteristics, applications, reviews of builders and home owners. Outdoor use

Cement particle boards (DSP) are a whole class of building materials with different characteristics.

They are used for various purposes, using the advantages that they have over traditional finishing and construction materials.

The field of application directly depends on the type and density of the DSP, so we recommend that you read the articles:

DSP production: step by step guide, regulations and necessary equipment.
Fibrolite.

In these articles we talked about different types cement particle boards, as well as differences in the original components and their proportions.

Even with the same density, the basic parameters of the boards TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 are very different from fiberboard boards of any type. it associated with different amounts of cement, and different requirements to wood filler.

what the DSP can be used for;
how to choose materials for a particular application;
what are the advantages of correctly selected plates over other materials;
how to fix panels to walls or to wooden floor how to cut, glue together, primer and how to handle the DSP in a different way;
how to lay tiles on a DSP;
how to paint the facade of the building on which the DSP is installed, and how to protect this material from moisture and other negative factors.

Here are the main areas in which cement particle boards can be used:

structural elements (walls and partitions);
insulation of walls, floors and ceilings;
soundproofing;
exterior and interior decoration;
non-removable insulating formwork;
the creation of greenhouses, beds and other areas.

Structural elements

From the DSP you can create various partitions dividing the room into separate zones or parts.

Due to their high rigidity and strength, slabs in this area are not inferior to such materials as:

wooden plank;
plywood;

but to create partitions and walls according to the technology without a supporting frame, only cement-bonded particle boards with a density of more than 1000 kg / m 3 are suitable, and the best results are shown by TsSP-1 and TsSP-2.

Fiberboard boards with equal density are less durable, because they contain less cement.

Nevertheless, it will not be possible to make full-fledged large-sized walls from this material due to the size of the sheet, because maximum width does not exceed 125 cm, so the sheets will have to be stacked on top of each other.

Therefore, to create full-fledged walls and large-sized partitions a supporting frame is required, but the same limitation applies to other structural elements of comparable size.

The exceptions are cases when it is possible to put cement particle boards vertically and securely fix them from above and below.

Moreover, such a wall will only perform decorative function and is not designed for any kind of force.

With a slab thickness of 30–50 mm, a door or an arched opening can be cut into the wall of such a structure, the main thing is that its width does not exceed 1.5 times the width of the DSP slab.

If the width of the area that needs to be partitioned does not exceed the width of one sheet, and force is excluded, then a material with a thickness of 10-15 mm can be used (when using fiberboard plates, the thickness must be increased to 20 mm).

At the same time, in comparison with other structural materials of the same thickness, DSP will provide much more high level noise and heat insulation.

Insulation for facades and walls of the house, floors, ceilings

To insulate a house, you can either use DSP inside or sheathe the facade of the house with this material. It is better to use cement-bonded particle boards of any type as a heater. with a density of 250-350 kg / m 3 however, fiberboard is more efficient due to less cement.

Despite the low density, the strength of sheets of any thickness is sufficient to be attached to the wall with both glue and anchor nails.

CBPBs are somewhat less effective than foam (thermal conductivity of plates - 0.06, foam - 0.04), but water vapor is freely passed through, due to which the premises always maintain a favorable dry climate.

CBPB is only slightly inferior to mineral wool (thermal conductivity of plates with a density of 300 kg / m 3 is 0.06, and wool - 0.05), but an increase in humidity does not affect their characteristics.

Moreover, their can be installed on flat surfaces without a special frame, and a thin layer of plaster or even waterproof vapor-permeable paint is enough to protect against precipitation.

Despite the fact that polyurethane foam is easier to apply, to work with it, you need expensive highly specialized equipment, the price of which starts from 40 thousand rubles.

Besides, polyurethane foam does not allow water vapor to pass through at all, therefore, after warming them in houses with a not very good ventilation system, the climate becomes more damp, and mold and rot also appear.

The costs for working with any type of DSP are much lower, and the equipment can be used for many other works.

When insulating ceilings, cement-bonded particle boards are hemmed from below using glue and anchor nails or self-tapping screws. However, this method of application can only be used in houses and apartments with solid ceilings and reliable ceiling filing.

Fiberboard boards with a density of 250-350 kg / m3 are best suited for these works, because they contain more wood than products of the TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 brands. The maximum thickness of the slabs depends on the strength of the floor and the ability to reliably attach the insulation to it.

With the help of this material, it is possible and completely to make and install the roof of the house, as well as to build the whole house as a whole.

To insulate the floor, the slabs are laid either on a concrete screed or on a rough flooring.

If the base is not too level, then to level the floor it is advisable to pour a layer of solution, this will maximize the potential of the DSP.

After all, all materials of this type, made according to GOST or international standards, are the same in thickness and have an even surface.

Thanks to this, it will be possible to lay parquet, laminate or linoleum on them. without additional layer... The optimum density of the material of the type TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 is 500 kg / m 3, the optimal density of the fiberboard is 800–900 kg / m 3.

The technique of laying DSP on the floor along wooden logs is often used, and the thickness and density of the slabs required to ensure the strength of the floor in the house, in this case, will depend on the distance between the installed logs.

Laying DSP on the floor, including wood, under the tiles is ideal option in the bathrooms.

To start the installation of tiles, it is enough to use cement-bonded particle boards apply a couple of coats of regular primer to improve adhesion.

If it is necessary to insulate the base of a warm floor, including if it is mounted under a tile, then the density of the sheets depends on its design. If the heating element will be walled up in a screed, then it is advisable to use plates with a density of 300 kg / m 3.

If the heating element is to be laid between wooden or aluminum supports, then it is advisable to use a material of the same density as for a regular floor.

When insulating the floor with cement-bonded particle boards, it is necessary to ensure reliable waterproofing, since the water that gets under the front covering will be absorbed into the insulation, but it will be difficult to go back due to poor air exchange.

Long being in a high humidity state will reduce strength cement-bonded floor and will lead to the appearance of mold and rot in the chips, which will negatively affect its thermal insulation properties.

Soundproofing

Residents of Soviet-built multi-storey buildings suffer greatly from poor sound insulation, because in the apartments you can hear everything that happens at a distance of several floors. Often, even residents of private houses are looking for ways to improve sound insulation to reduce the noise level entering the rooms from the street.

Low density cement-bonded particleboards, although inferior to many modern materials with the same thickness, but due to the minimum cost and ease of installation on walls, floors, etc. are very popular.

The most effective in this area are fibrolite plates of the GB-1 standard and their magnesite counterparts.

The maximum soundproofing effect is achieved not only by increasing the proportion of wood waste, but also located along the slab. Nevertheless, slabs TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 with a density of 250-350 kg / m 3 are also well suited for noise reduction.

To increase the soundproofing effect between the slabs and the wall / ceiling, you need lay a layer of felt 2–6 mm thick.

Sheathing the ceiling with slabs 2-3 cm thick and laying felt, you lower the level entering the apartment noise tenfold... In this case, it is important to tightly join the plates so that there are no gaps between them, otherwise the effectiveness of such sound insulation will sharply decrease.

For exterior and interior decoration

Purpose of outdoor and interior decoration- hide wall defects and make the exterior or interior more attractive. All CBPB types are well suited for rough finishing, over which a fine finish can be applied.

All types of cement-bonded particleboards have high strength, but cannot be used for exterior decoration material with a density of less than 700 kg / m 3, and for inner less than 1000 kg / m 3.

As the density increases, the rigidity and strength of the product increases, which is especially important in regions with frequent strong winds.

Interior decoration material must be able to withstand a screwed in with a small load, therefore, the use of cement-bonded particle boards with a low density for interior decoration is unjustified.

In most cases, this finishing material must be attached to a special frame that compensates for the unevenness of the walls. In addition, the frame allows air movement under the finish, so that the condensation on the wall evaporates faster and does not lead to an increase in the humidity of the wall or finish.

If the frame is made correctly, then after installing the plates, they form a flat surface, so it is enough to putty the seams between them with mortar or putty, after which the walls are ready for fine finish .

Plates of the TsSP-1 type with a polished surface are most effective as a finishing material.

They are attached to the frame with the help of appropriate self-tapping screws - self-tapping screws with wood carvings are needed for wooden bars, self-tapping screws with metal carvings are required for aluminum or steel profiles.

As an interior decoration, sheets based on chip concrete have a significant advantage - they do not emit toxic substances, which cannot be said about:

plywood;
plastic;

The only materials that can compete significantly in terms of environmental safety are natural board and real MDF made without the use of glue.

However, they have serious disadvantages compared to cement particle boards:

less rigidity, forcing an increase in the thickness of the finish;
much higher flammability;
higher price.

Therefore, as an environmentally friendly material for interior decoration, all types of CBPB unmatched in the totality of all parameters.

do not emit toxic substances in a normal environment;
able to withstand high temperatures for a long time before the start of the pyrolysis process in sawdust;
do not support combustion and go out after the disappearance of the source of open fire;
even during a fire, they do not emit toxic substances, with the exception of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, but any organic matter releases these substances during combustion;
albeit insignificantly, but they perform the functions of insulation and sound insulation.

For the exterior decoration of the facade of the house, the most popular are cement-bonded particle boards and panels of the TsSP-1 type with a density of 1100-1400 kg / m 3 and a thickness of 1 cm.

At correct selection the distance between the slats of the frame, such a finish of the house from the outside easily tolerates wind with a speed of 40-50 m / s... An example of finishing the facade of a house is shown in the photo below.

Fiber cement slabs of the same density must be chosen with a greater thickness due to the lower cement content, therefore, most often, material with a thickness of 15–20 mm is used for outdoor work. He has the same resistance to precipitation and wind load.

Between the wall of the house and the finish, you can install a chip and cement insulation, which has excellent reviews, or other material.

Due to the fact that when it rains, water quickly drains from the surface of the facade cladding panels, the slabs do not have time to absorb much water, therefore, even in the event of a sharp drop in temperature after a prolonged rain, they will not be severely damaged.

Treatment with hydrophobic paints for outdoor use and preparations that do not affect vapor permeability, further reduces the ability of the material to absorb water.

Thanks to this, DSP of any type as an exterior finish is in no way inferior to traditional plaster.

Due to these properties of the material, its lightness finishing(painting), as well as according to numerous reviews of residents, sheathing of the facade of a DSP house can be safely called the best option for the climatic conditions of many regions of Russia.

In addition, manufacturers also produce facade panels that do not require additional finishing for cladding houses, including timber frame, simultaneously performing a decorative function.

For example, facade and plinth panels under a stone, under a brick, under a crumb and others.

Such facade panels finish the foundation of the house, basement, including on screw piles.

Do-it-yourself fixed insulating formwork

The construction of houses from monolithic concrete is gaining more and more popularity, because it allows you to erect walls much faster than any other method.

Permanent formwork not only creates the shape for the concrete, but performs a warming function, due to which, after the concrete has acquired its full strength, the wall is completely ready for finishing and does not require additional insulation.

The only one competitor cement particle boards in this application - permanent formwork from expanded polystyrene(PPS), however, it completely blocks the vapor permeability of the walls, which is why problems begin in houses with a not very good ventilation system.

Unlike polystyrene formwork, which is supplied in the form of small finished blocks, formwork made of cement-bonded particle boards need to be made by yourself.

As in the case of the formwork made of PSP, the formwork made of DSP must be carefully reinforced with numerous lintels in order to avoid the slab being squeezed out by the concrete.

This is especially true in the case of using heavy concrete, but it will not be superfluous when pouring foam concrete.

In addition, it is necessary reinforce formwork over the entire area with various pegs and struts, which protect it from shear during concrete filling and compaction.

For the manufacture of formwork, it is advisable to use sheets density over 1000 kg / m 3, and the thickness of the sheet directly depends on the desired thermal insulation effect.

Therefore, sometimes a double formwork is made - an inner DSP sheet with a density of 1200–1400 kg / m3 and a thickness of 10 mm is installed, and a fiberboard sheet with a thickness of 50–100 mm and a density of 300 kg / m3 is placed close to it.

When using foam concrete, such a design will provide such a low level of heat loss that even in the northern regions no additional insulation required.

However, the permanent formwork made of DSP has also minus- her cannot be used below ground level, since under the influence of groundwater, wood will eventually lose its heat-insulating properties, and the cement stone will collapse.

But as a formwork interior walls DSP has no equal, because after the concrete hardens, the wall surface is ready for finishing, and even has a small, but heat and sound insulation effect.

Greenhouses and garden beds

Cement particle boards, even when buried in the ground, able to stand this way until destruction for several decades, due to which they are often used to create with their own hands or enclose greenhouses and garden beds. After all, boards without special processing will rot to dust in 3-5 years, and DSP will stand for 20-40 years without requiring replacement.

Most often, plates are used for this. with a density over 1000 kg / m 3 and a thickness of 8-12 mm.

Another advantage of cement-bonded particleboards is that the greenhouses and garden-bed fences made of CBPB look very neat thanks to the smooth walls.

The same effect is created by a wagon board, but its service life and high price do not allow it to compete with DSP.

Particleboard, plywood and other similar materials also cannot compete with these boards, because even those that are called waterproof quickly collapse when they are in the ground.

With a low wall height, you can do without a frame by connecting the plates to each other using plastic corners, if the height or length of the structure requires the use of several plates, you cannot do without a frame.

As a frame, you can use both boards impregnated with hydrophobic compositions (such compositions spoil the soil), and designs based on polypropylene pipes large diameter.

If the pipe diameter exceeds 30 mm, and the structure of the frame is well thought out, then the greenhouse or garden bed turns out to be quite strong.

You can reduce the diameter of the pipes by inserting pieces of metal or fiberglass reinforcement into them, but in this case you will have to fix the DSP use short jumpers.

Due to the fact that the cost of a sheet rarely falls below 500 rubles, many prefer used cement-bonded particle boards, which were dismantled during repairs.

Such DSPs have not very good appearance, and their strength is much less than new ones, but they are quite in demand for fencing the beds and creating greenhouses, a conclusion about which can be drawn from the numerous reviews of gardeners. Moreover you can buy them very cheap or get it for free.

In addition to the listed spheres of application, DSPs, due to their properties and affordable cost, are also used to build baths with their own hands, including floors in it, cladding garages, sheds, building fences, mounted on the roof, etc.

Processing and assembly of sheets

Cement- particle board, according to their physical characteristics is very different from most finishing materials, therefore its processing occurs according to a special algorithm and using special tool.

Violation of the algorithm of work and the use of an unsuitable tool is often leads to material damage and the need to replace it, and given the considerable price of any type of DSP, including, for example, sheets for the floor or slabs for a facade such as a brick or a tile, such an attitude turns out to be extremely unprofitable.

How to cut?

To cut this material you will need hand-held circular saw, equipped with a disc with carbide (pobeditovy) nozzles or teeth with diamond coating.

If there is no such disk, you can use a suitable size abrasive cutting disc for stone with a landing diameter of 32 mm.

If you need to cut a sheet or cut a rectangular hole in it, then place it on a flat table so that the cutting line recedes from the edge by 2–4 cm.

Mandatory for cutting use a respirator and goggles and also do not forget to button the sleeves on the clothes. Place the base of the saw on the sheet so that the blade is 3-5 mm from it.

Turn on the saw, then smoothly move forward so that the blade is strictly in line with the cut. The speed of the saw depends on the density and thickness of the sheet, so be guided by your own feelings.

At normal driving speed, the sound of the saw motor is almost unchanged, and resistance to forward movement is minimal.

If the sound changes (speed drops) or the resistance to motion increases, then you are moving the saw forward too quickly, which makes the blade unable to cut through the cement stone properly. To reduce dust and improve cut quality, you can water the sheet along the cutting line.

If the dimensions of the cut piece exceed 20 cm on either side for thin slabs and 10 cm for thick ones, then the assistant needs to support the cut piece so that it does not break off.

Need to be careful so that your fingers are not caught in the path of the saw.

To cut a round or oval hole, you first need to draw it on the sheet, then inscribe a rectangle into it. Moreover, the distance from the picture to the edge of the rectangle should nowhere be less than 3 cm.

If you know how to cut with a circular saw not from the edge of the sheet, then cut a rectangle with it, if not, then use a grinder(angle grinder, angle grinder) with abrasive disc for stone.

After cutting out the rectangle, mark parallel stripes in increments of 1–1.5 cm on the remaining parts of the slab inside the pattern, going from the edges of the rectangle to the edge of the pattern. Cut through these strips without reaching the edge of the pattern 3–5 mm.

Then cut through sheet by drawing using a jigsaw with a diamond saw designed for cutting glass or ceramics.

This sequence of actions increases the time it takes to cut the hole, but it greatly reduces the chances that you will ruin the material. Indeed, when cutting a hole with a diameter of more than 40 cm, there is a possibility that the cut piece will break off, and the fracture line will affect the remaining sheet.

If you are a skilled experienced finisher and therefore know how to work well with materials such as:

ceramic tile;
smooth slate,

You can cut or saw oriented strand board than you are used to, because the behavior of these materials when cutting is very similar to the behavior of OSB of any type.

self-tapping screws;
anchor screws (dowel-nails);
rivets.

Self-tapping screws are well suited for fixing DSP to a wooden or metal base.

If you only have ordinary hardened self-tapping screws, then you need to drill a hole in the plate under them, as well as countersink the space for the cap. Without this, the cap will protrude above the surface of the slab, which will create great difficulties during finishing.

Reinforced self-tapping screws can be screwed in without drilling, whose hats are equipped with knives and cut a hole for themselves... The diameter of the hole for the usual self-tapping screw is 1.2 times the diameter of the self-tapping screw itself, and the diameter and depth of the hole for the cap are 1.5 times the size of the cap.

It is undesirable to use ordinary screws for fixing, because they do not have the required strength, so with their help you will not be able to properly pull the plate to the base.

After installing the screws, the holes for the caps must be sealed with putty, and after drying, sand it with sandpaper.

Anchor screws are used when the panel is needed attach to concrete or wooden wall ... To do this, the plate is put in place and a hole is drilled for a plastic dowel. For fixing low density slabs (300-500 kg / m 3) it is advisable to use dowels with large caps for more effective fixation.

These caps distribute the pressure created by the dowel-nail over a large area, so that the cement stone is not damaged. In high-density slabs (over 700 kg / m 3), everything is done in the same way as when fixing with self-tapping screws.

Rivets use for quick fixing to steel or aluminum profiles, where for some reason it is impossible to use self-tapping screws.

To do this, the sheet is put in place, then a hole is drilled, the diameter of which is 1.2 times the diameter of the rivet.

After that it is necessary select the bore using a special cutter under the head of the rivet.

If this is not done, then the cap will protrude above the surface of the plate. It is also impossible to use a conventional drill instead of a milling cutter, because the cutter makes a hole with a flat bottom, to which the head will be tightly pressed, and the drill makes a tapered hole.

The cap will not be able to press evenly against such a hole, therefore, over time, the fastening will weaken, and the plate will begin to dangle. If there is no cutter, it is better to leave the rivet heads outside, they can be closed with a thin layer of plaster. It will be better than using a drill.

Finishing

The front surface of any cement-bonded particle board is very even, therefore, after sheathing the walls of the house with this material, it is enough to carry out only the finishing.

To do this, first carefully putty the seams, trying not to stain the slabs too much. Then, when the putty dries, joints and seams sandpaper.

After that, wallpaper is pasted, painted or any other finishing option is performed.

For wallpapering, use an adhesive suitable for the selected type of wallpaper and applicable to brick or concrete surfaces. For facing laying ceramic tiles, use only cement based glue, because it has the same thermal expansion as the DSP, so it will not crack at temperature extremes.

In the process, the glue is dispensed with a special notched trowel.

If you decide to paint the walls, then use any vapor permeable paints and varnishes suitable for painting brick or concrete surfaces.

Output

Cement particle board is a modern finishing material, but it turns out to be most effective only when used correctly.

After reading the article, you learned:

what the DSP is used for;
how this material is cut and drilled;
how slabs are attached to various surfaces;
is it possible to lay tiles on DSP, and how to glue it;
can this material be used in the steam room, including for installing the floor in the bath;
what types of finishes are applied to the walls of a frame house sheathed with DSP.

In contact with

The construction of modern buildings requires more and more sophisticated, versatile, high-quality and inexpensive materials. One of the latest developments in this direction is DSP, which can be conditionally called an improved version of chipboard.

Cement particle board as a building material

Cement particle board, which has appeared on the building materials market relatively recently, has already been appreciated by many developers. Due to its excellent performance characteristics, with its help, dry erection of structures is carried out in buildings for various purposes.

CBPBs are made by pressing. Chips of hard wood species (its share is 24%) are mineralized under the influence of special hydration additives (2.5%), after which Portland cement (65%) and water (8.5%) are added to it. As a result, a monolithic smooth plate comes out from under the press, consisting of several layers with large fractions - inside and small ones - outside.

Types and characteristics

There are 3 types of DSP:

fibrolite – thermal insulation material based on long-fiber shavings ("wood wool"). Soft, easy to handle, resistant to biological factors;
arbolite- made from sawdust and small shavings. Has a wide range of applications (thermal insulation, decoration, material for wall partitions, etc.);
xylolite(slab and cast). Possesses high strength, thermal insulation qualities and wide assortment color solutions, used as a floor covering.

Due to their water absorption, the plates increase in size, therefore, during installation, a gap is required between them.

Pros and cons of slabs

The high popularity of DSPs is explained by their numerous advantages:

if the installation was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the technology, the service life of the plates can be up to 50 years... Research results have shown that the material does not lose its useful properties even after repeated freezing and thawing cycles. Also, the slabs showed high resistance to moisture, fire and biological factors;
multi-layer structure provides high strength characteristics of CBPB in tension and compression that allow you to strengthen frame structures with slabs;
slabs are often used as insulation, which is explained by their good heat and sound insulation qualities;
processing the material is not difficult. He easy to drill and cut, its even surface is excellent for applying putty, plaster and adhesives, thanks to which the plates are successfully used in the decoration of premises;
exact dimensions of the slabs significantly speed up the process of their installation;
the front side of the DSP can have not only a flat, but also a corrugated surface... This ensures a variety of room decoration;
ecological cleanliness;
relatively low cost.

The disadvantages of cement-bonded particle boards are much less:

large material weight(about 14.5 kg per square meter), which significantly complicates the process of its installation. This is due to the high density of CBPB (up to 1400 kg per cubic meter);
low strength indicators bending, which sometimes leads to breakage of the plates.

Scope of application

These slabs are used in large and private construction. They are used to build houses, utility rooms, use them indoors and outdoors, and even make furniture. The thinnest slabs (from 10 to 16 mm thick) are used for cladding the internal and external walls of buildings for various purposes. For fastening, you must first make a crate of wood or metal profile. Apart from the aesthetic, such a design can also fulfill thermal insulation purposes... In this case, the space between the DSP and the wall is filled with insulation. This method is often used to retrofit older buildings. Its advantages are simplicity and relative cheapness. Allowable gap between plates - up to 1 cm... The joints are sealed, overlays are attached on top of them.
The same DSP (up to 16 mm) also used for the manufacture of internal partitions... Due to their high moisture resistance characteristics, they are often installed in bathrooms and other similar premises. The slabs are pre-primed, the surface and edges are treated with water-repellent materials. They are also used for the production of balcony railings, cladding for fire-resistant doors, etc.

From the best varieties DSP can even make furniture

From CBPB from 12 to 24 mm carry out permanent formwork of foundations in low-rise construction. The high strength of the slabs prevents them from deformation when pouring the mortar. Another advantage of the design is its simplicity. If painted or pasted over with a waterproof material, DSP can serve as vertical waterproofing.
Window sills made of fiber-cement slabs fit perfectly into any interior. They have all the advantages of wood products, but at the same time they are much cheaper. The thickness of the slabs used for the production of window sill boards is 24-36 mm... They are not subject to deformation, durable, solid and affordable.
When arranging floors cement-bonded particle boards are successfully replacing chipboard... If the floor is laid from CBPB along the logs, then the distance between them should be within 60 cm, and their cross section should be at least 5x8 cm.CSP from 16 to 36 mm in thickness can act as a base, underlying, leveling or finishing layer with the front finishing. In some cases, they are used instead of a cement screed, as well as in the construction of a prefabricated floor on bulk soils (floor slabs for a floor with a thickness of 24-36 mm).
A base for a soft roof can be made of CBPB... For these works, 16-24 mm plates are used.

Installation methods

DSP can be mounted different ways depending on the purpose for which they are used. When finishing or insulating buildings, they are attached to the crate, made of metal profiles or wooden bars, with self-tapping bolts or nails. Arrangement of permanent formwork also involves frame erection (given the large weight of the slabs, it, like the crate for wall decoration, must be strong enough). In addition, the slabs can be laid on logs (when installing the floor) or rafters (under roof covering). For interior decoration, they are also can be attached to the wall with mortar or mastic.

Release form and cost

DSP goes on sale in sheets, packed in bundles. Panel thickness varies from 8 to 36 mm... Dimensions can be (in mm): 2700x1200, 3200x1200, 3200x1250 and 3600x1200. The number of sheets in a pack depends on the size.
The cost is set per square meter or per sheet. In the first case, it depends only on the thickness, in the second - on all panel parameters. The dimensions of the slabs for walls are different from those used for the floor, but the price is about the same. Price square meter 8 mm DSP from different sellers starts from 150-250 rubles... The most massive slab (36 mm) will cost about 4-5 times more.
According to their useful properties(except, perhaps, only weight) DSP is in no way inferior to analogs made of wood and even surpasses them. And the versatility of the material, combined with an affordable price, make it an almost ideal choice for construction and finishing works.

About building a house from DSP in a month is described in this video:

How quickly and efficiently, but at the same time with a minimum waiting time, to level the floors in an apartment or house? If it is the speed of work that is very important, and the creation of an ordinary cement screed is impossible, then a DSP slab is perfect for this purpose. The use of this building material for the floor allows you to make surfaces even very quickly. In this case, the coating will be durable and of high quality.

DSP board - floor application

DSP is a cement-bonded particle board, and the name fully reflects the composition of this material. CBPB are made from a mixture, the components of which are wood chips and cement compositions.

The building material includes:

wood shavings with fractions different sizes – 24%;
water - 8.5%;
special additives - 2.5%;
Portland cement - 65%.

The production process is quite simple - DSPs are done as follows.

Special water solutions are loaded into special mixers, which include various salts, liquid glass and aluminum.
Further, wood chips with fractions are gradually added to these solutions different sizes- mineralization of raw materials occurs.
Cement is mixed into the resulting composition and a little more water is added.
The mass is thoroughly mixed until smooth and then fed under a powerful press.

GOST 26816-86. Cement particle boards. Technical conditions... Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

The result of this production chain is a finished cement-bonded particleboard that is thin enough and has a smooth surface. A a large number of cement in the composition allows you to create a fairly durable material. By the way, inside the plate, the shavings have b O Larger dimensions than outside, due to which the smoothness of the surface of the finished material is achieved. DSP does not need to be further leveled after installation, making the material perfect for creating a rough floor covering for laminate, tiles and other types of finishing. Also, voids are not formed inside the DSP during production.

On a note! Wood shavings are also used as raw materials in the production of chipboard, fiberboard and OSB boards. The technologies for the production of these materials are somewhat similar to the technology for the production of DSP boards.

DSP boards are widely used in construction. They can be used to decorate the facade walls of houses, from which they create various partitions inside the premises. The material is suitable for use in restoration purposes and for interior finishing work. At the same time, it is suitable for both apartments and private houses.

DSP board is distinguished by high environmental friendliness, as it is created from natural natural materials and practically does not contain additional chemical ingredients. That is why the stove is recommended for use both in residential premises and in production.

The use of cement-bonded particle board is an opportunity to abandon the time-consuming pouring of a cement screed to create a base. Building material allows you to reduce labor costs and spend less funds from the budget planned for leveling the floors for laying the topcoat.

csp slabs

Characteristics of DSP boards

CBPB is a material of a completely new category, characterized by significant strength, long service life, and a certain level of moisture resistance. It also has good soundproofing and heat-saving properties. All these features have allowed DSP boards to take a firm place in the construction industry - they are used for various purposes.

Of course, this material is far from ideal, but still, due to its properties and characteristics, it can be used both outside and inside the building. DSP board does not lose its qualities in a variety of climatic conditions.

On a note! Compared with the usual chipboard for many chipboards, a slab based on cement and shavings is 3 times stronger and has high resistance to various physical influences and loads.

Table. Key parameters of the DSP.

Length, m	Thickness, mm	Width, m	Area, sq. M.	Number of sheets in 1 cubic meter, pcs.
2,7	8	1,25	3,375	37
2,7	10	1,25	3,375	29
2,7	12	1,25	3,375	24
2,7	16	1,25	3,375	18
2,7	20	1,25	3,375	14
2,7	24	1,25	3,375	12
2,7	36	1,25	3,375	8
3,2	8	1,25	4	31
3,2	10	1,25	4	25
3,2	12	1,25	4	20
3,2	16	1,25	4	15
3,2	20	1,25	4	12
3,2	24	1,25	4	10
3,2	36	1,25	4	7

The density of one cubic meta CSP slab is quite high - about 1300-1400 kg / m 3. The moisture content of the material is 6-12%. By the way, the material is not 100% protected from the effects of water, however, swelling upon contact with liquid during full day should not exceed 2%.

The slab is rough to the touch, but smooth - often these values depend on the method of grinding used. Sometimes DSP does not need the latter - if the level of roughness is not more than 80 microns. The plate is selected in accordance with the operating conditions, as well as the requirements for the final results. For example, indoors, smooth slabs are usually used, while outside, you can get by with more rough ones.

On a note! Finishing of DSP boards is simple - any kind of floor finish can be laid on them, as well as paint, varnish, plaster, etc. can be easily applied to the surface.

Cement particle board - transportation

Advantages and disadvantages

What are the main advantages and disadvantages of plates over other similar materials? Let's consider the answer to this question in more detail.

DSP advantages:

environmental friendliness of the material, since it is made from natural ingredients. CBPB does not contain asbestos and formaldehyde-containing substances;
fungus and mold do not settle on the plates;
the material is not hygroscopic - this is its main advantage over chipboard;
DSP does not suffer from temperature drops, does not lose its performance;
100% incombustibility of DSP boards allows using them in any premises. The material can resist fire for 50 minutes;
reasonable price, allowing you to purchase material even in the case of a small budget;
significant strength due to the multi-layer material. Excellent performance is noted at pressure both from the end of the plate and from any of the other sides;
the plate does not require additional surface leveling work;
the material is not afraid of chemical influences;
cement-bonded particle board perfectly resists decay processes;
relative impermeability to water - during the day the cement-bonded concrete is able to absorb a maximum of 16% of the liquid;
high noise and heat insulation qualities;
ease of installation.

On a note! It is recommended to use DSP boards when installing a water-heated floor system. In this case, it will be possible to create an additional air gap between the heating and the topcoat, which will significantly improve the result of the work done.

The disadvantages of the slabs are as follows:

a large mass of material, which makes it difficult to work with it;
during processing, the DSP is very dusty. If you have to cut slabs, you should wear a respirator and goggles so as not to harm your eyes and breathing.

However, the material has much more advantages than disadvantages, which explains its popularity in construction, including for leveling floors. Usually DSP slabs are laid on logs - this is the best option application of the material in this area. More often DSP is placed under laminate, carpet, linoleum, ceramic tiles.

In general, it can be noted that for most indicators, DSP boards are superior to drywall, chipboard and fiberboard, which makes them one of the best building materials. Also, DSP will save a lot of money if a choice is made in their favor.

DSP in heat insulation works

Most often, DSP is used in the field of insulation of buildings and structures. Usually the structure is sheathed with material from the outside. Fixation is done with self-tapping screws or nails.

But, since DSP is an environmentally friendly material, wall and floor cladding can also be produced from inside the room. The plating process is similar to what is done outside: the material is attached to a wooden or metal crate with nails or self-tapping screws. Sometimes adhesive mastics can also be used. After the installation of the slabs, the finishing is made.

Floor application

DSP is often used to create a subfloor. Most often, the material is laid on the basis that in the future ceramic tiles will be glued to it - this is the most demanding coating for the evenness of the base. DSP is also suitable for pouring and installing soft floor coverings.

DSP slabs can be mounted on logs, as well as laid on a flat concrete or wooden base. The material serves for many years and at the same time is able to withstand significant loads, provided that it is correctly installed.

DSP slabs for floor - photo

Choosing cement sheets for the floor

The choice of DSP boards is carried out in accordance with the conditions in which the material will be used, as well as with what technology will be used for its installation. For laying on logs, plates with a thickness of 20-26 mm are used - they will perfectly cope with their function of a rough base. If the installation is carried out directly on the ground, then plates of 24-26 mm are used. In general, almost any DSP slabs can be used to level the floors.

On a note! DSP boards can be laid even in cold weather. It doesn't matter if outside the window the air temperature dropped below zero.

Requirements for DSP boards used for floor installation:

humidity - from 6 to 12%;
density - more than 1300 kg / m 3;
tensile strength - 0.4 MPa;
surface roughness - 80 microns;
moisture absorption level - 16%.

Preparation for the installation of a DSP coating

Before starting work on the arrangement of a rough covering from DSP, the base of the floor must be properly prepared. For example, in the case of laying material on a wooden base, old or rotted boards must be dismantled and replaced with new ones. It is important to seal all the cracks with a putty, and the wooden base is primed for better adhesion to the glue, on which the slab covering will be mounted.

If the installation will be carried out on a concrete base, then it should also be carefully inspected for damage and repaired if necessary. Also, if there are strong horizontal deviations, alignment is performed cement mixtures... In the case of placing cement-bonded concrete on the ground, preliminary leveling of the surface must be carried out - this can be done by pouring a sand-gravel mixture 20 cm thick onto the ground and tamping it.

The best option is to lay DSP boards on logs. In this case, if it is planned to install the base directly above the ground, the supports for the logs are installed on the ground, and hydro and thermal insulation is also laid. The distance between the supports can range from 0.5 to 1 m - this figure depends on the thickness of the timber used for the logs.

Materials and tools that need to be prepared for working with DSP:

timber for lags (section 150x100 or 50x100 mm);
DSP boards in the required quantity;
antiseptic solution for timber;
a sawing tool (for example, a hacksaw);
materials for waterproofing and insulation;
tools for making measurements (tape measure, pencil);
fastening material;
drill.

Floor arrangement with DSP

Consider arranging a floor from DSP on logs using the example of a balcony.

Step 1. A layer of insulation is laid under the logs. The logs are installed parallel to the walls at a distance of about 30-40 cm from each other.

Step 2. Transverse bars are installed, the lathing is created. Wooden bars are connected to each other using metal corners and self-tapping screws.

Step 3. The space between the lags is filled with insulating material.

Step 4. DSP slabs of the required dimensions are laid across the longitudinal logs. The width of the piece of material should be slightly less width balcony (5-10 mm).

Step 5. Plates are fastened with self-tapping screws on the joists. The gaps between the CBPB boards are sealed with an adhesive.

Video - Laying tiles on DSP

DSP floors: the nuances of laying

In general, the installation of CBPB boards is carried out in the same way as the installation of OSB boards. During the work, it is important to follow several rules, and then it will be possible to make the base of the floor as high as possible:

wooden beams for lags must be treated with compounds that prevent decay. Special compositions can be replaced with machine oil;

when installing slabs on a concrete screed for lags, you can use a beam of a smaller section - up to 50x50 mm. This will save usable space;
when installing the lag, you should monitor their level - it should be strictly horizontal;
before installation, DSP slabs are laid out on logs - this will allow you to determine which of them need to be trimmed if necessary;
the glue must be well mixed before use;
to avoid deformation of the base of the DSP will allow expansion gaps along the walls.

DSP - the material is not bad enough if used to create an even base. It is not difficult to work with him, but due to the large mass of sheets it is better to get an assistant.

Not so long ago in the country (in the USSR since 1987) the production of CBPB was launched. What are the use of cement-bonded particle boards in modern construction and what are they?

CBPB is a sheet composite material, for the manufacture of which medium and thin wood (24%) shavings, Portland cement grade M500 (65%), special chemical additives (2.5%) are used to reduce the negative impact of wood extracts on cement, and water (8 , 5%) (Image 1). Plates are obtained by pressing at a temperature of 900 ° C for 8 hours. After that, the products are kept under natural conditions for 2 weeks.

The most famous domestic manufacturer is the Tamak plant in Tambov. Plates are also produced by TsSP-Svir (St. Petersburg), Kostroma TsSP plant, Omsk Stropan, Tyumen Sibzhilstroy and Zavod building structures located in Sterlitamak.

Russian products meet the requirements of GOST 26816-86. It is subdivided into 2 brands: TsSP-1, TsSP-2. Less stringent requirements are allowed for sheets of the last grade than for TsSP-1.

Cement particle boards have:

with a density of 1100-1400 kg / m³;
high specific thermal conductivity - 1.15 kJ / kg * 0 ° С;
vapor permeability of 0.03 mg / m * h * Pa ("breathable" material);
fire resistance - practically does not burn, at high temperatures does not emit toxic gases and vapors;
water resistance;
resistance to decay;
high sound insulation;
durability: 50 years warranty when used in building structures;
high strength to longitudinal deformation;
evenness of the surface.

But cement particle boards specifications which are generally good, have a number of disadvantages:

high price;
during processing, an incredible amount of dust is generated, as a result of which the use of dust extractors, goggles and respirators is simply necessary;
heavy material: 1 m² weighs about 10 kg, which makes it difficult to climb to the upper floors of buildings, and for structures using DSP, a reliable, strong frame is needed wooden beams a section of at least 50x50 mm or rectangular pipes, the section of which is 50x20 mm;
low bending strength;
insufficient ease of processing: at a construction site they are cut with grinders and hand-held circular saws (Image 2,3) using cutting tools with carbide plates or diamond wheels, sheets can be drilled, but it is better to perform these operations at the factory.

Scopes of DSP

The versatility of the plates allows them to be used to solve various construction problems.

First of all, these are external works: the construction of frame buildings, decoration of facades of residential buildings, warehouse and agricultural premises, use as a basis for soft roof, balconies and loggias fencing, application as fixed formwork for foundations.

Facade cladding (Picture 4) is carried out by attaching cement-bonded particle sheets with nails, screws, metal staples or screws to a frame made of wooden beams or metal profiles. The optimal pitch of the lathing is 60 cm, it is preferable to fix the beams vertically, for small areas, horizontal installation can be used. Gaps of 4-5 mm are left between the sheets, which prevent their deformation when the air temperature changes. The filler of the gaps is an elastic mastic or a sealing gasket, which are closed from the outside with strip strips purchased or made from CBPB scraps. The space between the wall and the slabs, depending on the purpose of the building, can be left empty, or it can be filled with modern insulation, this is very important for residential buildings. After fastening, the sheets are primed and applied decorative plaster or just paint.

When making a base for a soft roof, you should pay special attention to the waterproofing of the joints. Technologically, the process of making a base from DSP is similar to working with wood materials.

For fencing balconies and loggias, using cement-bonded particle boards is much more expedient than the used asbestos-cement sheets, because instead of a fragile material, a strong and durable fence is being built.

Cement-bonded concrete formwork (Picture 5) is increasingly used in the construction of low-rise buildings. It provides:

Reducing labor costs and terms of work due to the maximum easy installation structures, moreover, it does not need to be dismantled.
Painting the outer side of the CBPB sheets with special paints provides vertical waterproofing of the foundation.
The design provides additional strength to the manufactured foundation.
The formwork retains its shape when the concrete is poured and hardened.

The use of DSP for internal work

As a consequence complete absence emission of any harmful gases and vapors during operation, cement-bonded particle boards are recommended for interior decoration (Image 6): they level the walls (they are attached either to the frame from the most rigid reinforced profile, or to a special solution or mastic), form internal partitions, especially in conditions high humidity(to increase the service life, such a partition should be treated with a water-repellent agent and painted with a waterproof paint).

Floor device using DSP

DSP boards are also used for the floor (Picture 7), and their use is preferable to the use of chipboard (chipboard) or oriented strand board (OSB). Typically, the laying of DSP for the floor is carried out on logs with a cross section of 50x80 mm, with a step of 600 mm.

With DSP you can:

make a base for the floor;
form underlayment or leveling layers;
to lay a warm and clean floor with a front covering;
lay the floor directly on the ground.

The thickness of the particle board is:

For interior wall decoration - 8-12 mm.
For the installation of internal partitions - 8-20 mm.
For CBPB flooring - 16-26 mm.
for formwork installation - 12-56 mm.
For roofing works and exterior wall decoration - 10-16 mm.
For the installation of frame buildings - 10-40 mm.

Cement particle boards can be safely recommended for the above work. But it is necessary to use the products of a domestic manufacturer, and Chinese DSPs should not be purchased. Using the products of hardworking Asians can lead to swelling of the boards, their chipping, the sheets themselves can be crooked, and the surface is uneven.

Cement particle board is a high-quality and safe material that is actively used in modern construction.

We will talk about what it is suitable for, what materials can be replaced with it, and most importantly, how to use it.

DSP is construction material, a feature of which is a unique structure.

Cement-bonded particle boards consist of crushed needles shavings, which are notable for their small thickness, but impressive length.

The length may vary. A characteristic feature - along the edges, the chips are located along the plate, and inside - across.

This primarily affects the strength indicators.

Advantages of cement-bonded particle boards

DSP can be used in areas of high humidity, as well as in conditions that are characterized by a dry climate.

However, this is not the main advantage of the material. Among the other advantages, it is worth highlighting:

versatility. DSP is versatile, both in carrying out external repairs and in finishing work inside the house;
high rates of thermal insulation. If we, in which it is not planned to carry out heating, in the spring and autumn period the house will keep warm;
cement particle boards are easy to install;
does not require complex processing, is sold ready-made (thanks to this, you do not need to observe proportions, add impurities, thereby increasing your own chances of error and damage to materials);
bacteria do not grow in the DSP. The environment that is created in the pores of the material, although safe for humans, is unfavorable for microorganisms;
can be finished in any way, using any materials (paint, paste over, plaster, and so on);
no flammability. This can be achieved due to the fact that the composition of the cement-bonded particle board contains cement;
climate and temperature regime do not affect the structure of materials;
DSP is not interesting to pests;
does not contain formaldehyde and other toxic substances that continuously have negative effects.

Typically, DSPs are sold in specific sizes. In total, there are 7 size options that differ in length, width and thickness (and, of course, in weight, respectively).

Where are cement particle boards used?

The way the boards are used has a direct bearing on the material. It is important to understand that there are two types of DSP: rough and smooth.

They can be used:

for flooring;
creating a warm floor;
as partitions;
DSP can be applied as permanent formwork;
sheathe frame house;
finishing the premises.

A little about smooth ... This type of slab is great for interior decoration. It is comfortable, easy to install, and can be coated with almost any type of interior decoration.

When it comes to gluing wallpaper, it is easy to prepare a DSP for this. In addition, the wallpaper adheres well to the slabs.

Similarly, DSP is used to create. The floor will be flat, warm and reliable. If you sheathe both the walls and the floor with slabs, you can get an almost level room.

By the way, the use of this material is also typical for the bathroom, since flat slabs are usually impregnated with a special substance that protects the coating from moisture. Whatever the humid air, the plates are not deformed.

DSP board with a rough surface is used outside the rooms of the house.

With its help, you can decorate the walls, aligning them and finishing them to taste. Plates are used for the formation of a roofing cake, formwork, in the construction of structures with a deliberately low load during use.

By the way, sandwich panels are also made of DSP. This material is suitable for creating paths, paths, which, again, will not withstand heavy loads.

Cement particle boards are also suitable for creating furniture, large storage structures, and building fences.

Partitions made of cement-particle boards

DSP can be used to create partitions. What is the advantage of these boards over the popular drywall?

The latter is not resistant to moisture, and it does not retain heat, and the sound passes through perfectly, which can be called a rather negative point.

Combined DSP with mineral wool or fiberglass, you can increase the sound insulation several times.

It lends itself very well to cutting, which is a plus in the places where pipes and wiring pass.

Finishing the premises with cement-bonded particle boards

Along with the rich choice of the range of application of the plate, one can note the particular popularity of using it indoors.