What are the lighting standards in courtyard areas? Who is responsible for lighting the local area of ​​an apartment building? Lighting standards and what to do if there is no light? The responsibility of the administration to organize coverage of the norm

Every owner has a desire to organize yard lighting, local area so that it is convenient, beautiful, and also so that you don’t have to pay very high electricity bills. The task is not easy, but really doable. If you have basic electrical skills, you can do everything yourself. But in order to plan street lighting with your own hands correctly, you need to take into account many nuances.

Lighting is not only safety, but also beauty

Street lighting at home consists of several components; they are usually separate and turn on and off independently of each other. In order to correctly develop an outdoor lighting scheme, you need to think in advance where and what type of lamps should be placed, how to supply power to them, and how to control this lighting. Place lamps in the following places:

As you can see, the system is really complex and making street lighting with your own hands is not an easy task.

Control methods

When designing street lighting with your own hands, think about how it will turn on/off. The most common and familiar method is manual control. Switches or switches are installed in the house, which are manually turned on or off. This is quite reliable, requires virtually no cost (only for the purchase of a switch, switch) and is often used to turn on decorative lighting. When needed, they turned it on; when they got tired or it was time to sleep, they turned it off.

But this type of control of security lighting or path lighting is convenient only if someone is constantly in the house (and does not suffer from forgetfulness). If from time to time there is no one in the house, or you have to return from work late, this method of control causes discomfort: the light can only be turned on when it is dark when entering the house (or garage). This problem is solved by automating the switching on/off of street lighting.

To automate the control of external lighting of a private house or cottage, use:

• Time relay.
• Motion sensors.
• Photosensitive sensors (light).

These devices are connected in series. In the normal state, their contacts are open, power is not supplied to the lamps. When triggered, the contacts close and supply power to the lighting fixtures.

The installation location depends on the operating principle. Light and motion sensors are installed on the street, usually close to lamps, but it is more appropriate to install time relays in the house.

What devices are best to use? Depends on the type of outdoor lighting. For example, on a driveway it is worth installing both motion and light sensors. Light-sensitive sensors will work when dusk comes, but the light will not appear until a moving object (car) appears in the coverage area. To prevent the lighting from turning off as soon as the car drives away, the motion sensor must have a shutdown delay. Convenient and economical, but not without drawbacks. The disadvantage is that incorrectly configured sensors can turn on the light “unauthorized”. Sometimes this happens in cloudy weather, sometimes dogs, cats and even birds are mistaken for a car or a person.

The lighting of paths and stairs can be turned on according to the same principle, or you can install a time relay. But this option is not very convenient, since the settings have to be changed periodically - with each change of season, or even more often. When developing street lighting with your own hands, think about ways to turn it on/off so that you don’t have to redo it later.

Street lamps

Used in street lighting different types lamps Ideal light sources have not yet been invented, but there are good options. In order for street lighting designed by yourself to be beautiful and economical, you need to choose the right lamps. The amount of electricity consumed depends on them.

Familiar options

Incandescent lamps are not suitable for outdoor lighting. Their main advantage is their low price, but this is not the best solution - they have a short service life and low energy efficiency. Everyone knows that they have low efficiency, which is why when high consumption They produce little light. And since outdoor lighting requires high-power light sources, the bills for light will be large.

Luminescent. They are more expensive than incandescent lamps, but have several times longer service life and consume 3 times less electricity. So they will help you save money in the long run. This solution has a serious drawback: at low temperatures fluorescent lamps may not light up.

Gas discharge

They have been used for more than half a century. They can be found on the streets, in shopping centers, and in stadiums. They are popular because they consume little electricity, have a long service life and the light they emit remains stable and does not dim. They are not used for residential lighting, as they make noise and blink during operation.

But they also have a number of disadvantages:

Therefore, gas-discharge lamps are gradually being replaced by other types. Even more economical and with more simple design and a significantly longer service life.

Mercury arc lamps

Mercury arc lamps have one significant drawback - they contain mercury vapor. However, they are popular due to their high light output and low power consumption. There can be three types:

Mercury arc lamps are usually used where a powerful light source is needed: on a pole illuminating the street near the gate, the gate itself, or the yard. To illuminate the paths, on the lanterns near the entrance to the house, other light sources are often installed in the bathhouse.

LED lightening

On currently this is probably the best choice for street lighting of the house and site. They are economical (compared to incandescent lamps, they provide 7-10 times more light), have a very long service life - from 30,000 hours to 80,000 hours, do not distort light transmission, and can have different shades of glow.

The disadvantage of LEDs is that they operate on 12 V or 24 V, which requires the presence of a converter. There are lamps with a built-in transformer; they are screwed directly into the lamp connected to a 220 V network. The second disadvantage is the high cost.

Another disadvantage is that over time the glow becomes dimmer. But the service life of LEDs is indicated until the moment when the radiation is reduced to 50% of the original. And this is about 30 years. So, for about 10-15 years you won’t notice any changes.

Technical requirements

Even before starting work, it is necessary to clearly understand the order and scope of work, and without knowledge technical requirements this is impossible. Here's how to do it right:

These are the most basic points that cannot be ignored. This is the only way to make your own street lighting correct and efficient. And one more piece of advice: don’t rely on your memory, draw up a detailed plan for laying cables, tied to the area, large buildings, etc. The more information is saved, the easier it will be to figure it out if problems arise.

How to pay less for site lighting

Let’s say right away that we are not talking about how to “cheat” with the counter, but about how to use legal means to ensure that the bills are small. It doesn’t matter whether you make street lighting yourself or hire specialists, you can come up with the concept yourself.

Choosing economical lamps

Try not to use incandescent lamps to illuminate the area. They draw too much electricity. The rest is your choice. All other light sources are more economical.

We use solar-powered lamps

You can reduce your area lighting bills by using LED lights. Their installation does not cause any problems at all. Each flashlight is an independent device that does not need to be connected to the network. Just buried in in the right place and that's all. The lighting is working.

The disadvantage of such systems is their dependence on sunny weather. Yes, in those regions where the sun is a rare guest, such lighting is ineffective, but in others it works very well. And high-quality lamps with powerful solar panels have virtually no downtime due to bad weather, and they shine far away. Not like the cheap ones Chinese lanterns, which can only be used for decorative lighting, since they provide very, very little light.

The main problem is that good powerful street lights solar powered are expensive. But they have a built-in high-capacity battery, which will provide the lamp (LED, by the way) with energy for several days. So in this case, a period of bad weather is not scary.

For those who are still wary of long periods without sun, you can install backup lighting that runs on mains power. Turn it on only when solar-powered lights fail. It is more difficult to make such street lighting with your own hands, but everything is possible.

When it starts to get dark outside, a feeling of discomfort appears. Unlit places are dangerous. You may trip, hit an obstacle, or get injured. In the dark the risk of being susceptible to attack or theft. Therefore, there is a need for street lighting in dark time days. But often we are faced with the fact that in the yard or on the street there are no lights or no lights at all. This happens especially often in areas of new buildings or residential complexes, multi-apartment buildings in residential areas.

Street lighting on poles - who maintains it? What to do if there is no lighting near residential buildings? Where to go or where to call in this case? Let's try to understand these issues.

Scope of activity of the service dealing with outdoor lighting

The street lighting service performs Maintenance, maintenance and repair of structures, namely:

• prevention and maintenance of structures;
• changing lamps, monitoring the health of equipment and electrical networks;
• inspection of distribution devices and regular cleaning;
• inspection of telemechanical control devices, street lighting installations, checking all structural elements;
• cleaning reflectors and reflectors. Minor repairs contact connections and fasteners;
• painting of metal surfaces of devices, taking into account the fact that restoration of coatings is necessary once every 3 years;
• current repairs with a range of measures;
• major repair work.

In the case of manual control of the lighting system, schedules are drawn up for turning on and off devices.

Procedure for solving street lighting problems

State and municipal executive authorities are supposed to control street lighting. They are authorized to enter into contracts with organizations servicing street lighting devices. First you need to contact your local office to clarify the main points:

• information about the customer who entered into a lighting maintenance contract;
• a specific lighting service area is under federal or municipal jurisdiction;
• Which organization is responsible for providing lighting for the street in question?

It is better to submit your request in writing, indicating the area with missing lighting and requesting that the problem be corrected.

Having received the necessary information, you need to make two complaints: to the customer and to the service organization. And only if measures are not taken after the expiration of the 30-day period, contact a higher authority. Read more about general principles organizations local government V Russian Federation and the city lighting system can be read in Art. 16 of the Federal Law of October 6, 2003. No. 131-FZ.

The permissible number of non-working street lamps, according to the rules of sanitary maintenance, is no more than 10% in the underground passage and 5% in the lighting of the local area.

If there is no light in the courtyard of the house, he is responsible for street lighting, its serviceability and availability Management Company. First, you need to draw up an act in which you set out all known information about the fact of lack of lighting: address, house number, date and signatures of neighbors or the elder in the house, indicating his phone number and other data. The act must be drawn up in two copies in order to receive a mark on your copy indicating the date and the responsible person who received the document.

If possible, supplement your request to eliminate the problem with photographs of the area where there is no necessary lighting or it does not meet lighting standards. According to Art. 314 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, an authorized representative of the company, within 7 working days, will have to check the data set out in the application act, answer the question about eliminating the breakdown of the device or the possibility of replacement or installation, if there is none at all.

If the management company ignores your requirements, there will be grounds for recalculating the amount of payment for maintaining the house and filing a complaint with the municipal administration or the prosecutor's office. It is better if the appeal is collective, including the signatures of all adult residents of the house or houses located in an unlit area. If after 30 days no response is received, and no one will take care of the coverage, then you can file documents with the court.

Lighting in villages and rural settlements

In rural life, the issue of illumination of the territory is almost always acute. Even if there are a sufficient number of devices, as a rule, they do not light up at night or are turned on only for a few hours. SNiP 05/23/95 regulates the lighting standards for village squares, according to which at least 8/10 of the territory must be illuminated. The only exceptions are very small settlements, where the standard establishes the presence of two street lights: at the entrance and exit.

Financing for rural areas is provided by the Federal Treasury. The money is distributed by the administration, which makes decisions about the installation and operation of the lighting. The local municipality, according to Law No. 131-FZ, is responsible for the maintenance and provision of lighting.

However, there is always not enough money to pay energy sales departments for repairs or other engineering works nothing. Therefore, today the problem of lighting in rural areas is still not resolved, however, like many other issues of village development and Agriculture generally.

Street lighting standards

To ensure the proper level of illumination, there are SNiP standards that define standards for streets, roads and other external areas, and instructions for designing external lighting in populated areas.

Conventionally, settlement territories are divided into 3 types:

• local roads and streets;
• streets and roads of regional significance;
• express roads.

Average illumination levels depend on traffic intensity:

• adjacent areas should have an illumination of 4 lux;
• squares, roads, streets with traffic up to 500 people per hour - the illumination standard is 6 lux;
• from 500 – 8 lux;
• from 550 to 1000 - at least 10 lux;
• District streets and highways with a traffic intensity of 1000 people or more require 15 lux;
• when 3,000 people or more pass through, a luminous flux of 20 lux must be provided;
• According to standards, bridges, interchanges, road overpasses and city squares require an illumination level of 20 or 25 lux.

Types of pillars and rules for their installation

To provide a sufficient level of light to the maximum area, it is necessary to install the lamps at a certain height. For this purpose, special supports are used - pillars, which are made of various materials:

• Tree. Coniferous wood is used for lighting fixtures. Such poles are inexpensive, light in weight and easy to install. They are also quite safe in emergency situations. The disadvantages include their fragility, they require special treatment against rotting and do not have a good appearance.

• Concrete. The supports are low cost. They are easy to use and quite durable. The disadvantages of the structures are their rough appearance and fear of the proximity of groundwater.
• Reinforced concrete. Posts of this type are durable, not sensitive to corrosion, and inexpensive. Disadvantages: high cost of installation and maintenance during operation. Appearance the same as for concrete supports.
• Metal (steel or aluminum). Such supports are durable, strong, stable and quite decorative. Disadvantages include high cost and the need for periodic painting.

When installing lighting poles, due consideration must be given to the foundation. . When installing on a lawn, the depth must be at least 80 cm. For other types of installation of poles, immersion in the ground must be done to a depth of 160 cm.

Other requirements include the following standards:

• the distance between supports is at least 60 cm;
• lining up pillars in one row;
• lining up in two rows with a rectangular or checkerboard pattern.

The distance of the devices from the road curb depends on the traffic intensity:

• roads on which freight transport does not travel – 0.3 m;
• secondary roads – 0.6 m;
• highways – 1 m.

Types of outdoor lighting lamps and advantages of LED lamps

Various lamps are used in street lighting:

• mercury;
• sodium;
• metal halide lamps;
• LED

IN last years More and more city streets are filled with LED lights. A number of undeniable advantages of lamps of this type allow zealous and wise officials to turn a blind eye to the rather high cost. Distinctive features of LED street appliances are:

• durability;
• strength;
• high resistance to vibration, humidity, temperature changes, dust;
• efficiency;
• emission of even and bright light that does not blind drivers and pedestrians.

The importance and necessity of street lighting on poles is undeniable: for safety traffic, for the convenience of pedestrians, for a feeling of security and comfort in the dark.

Proper organization of lighting in the courtyard of a private house is the key not only to safety, but also to the attractiveness of the site. If you want to illuminate the area with your own hands, the first thing you need to do is study some of the nuances associated with the choice of street lamps, as well as the option of yard lighting. Below we will present to your attention several practical advice with photo ideas for street lighting at home.

Deciding on the purpose of the lights

The first thing you need to decide is why you want to install light in the courtyard of a private house. Lighting of the site can be decorative, security, functional or even festive.

The most important is functional lighting, which is responsible for the safety of movement around the yard. This category includes steps and porches. Most often, owners of private houses illuminate such objects with lamps on short legs, which complement the landscape design of the site during the daytime, and effectively perform their function at night. To save money on yard lighting, it is also recommended to use solar-powered lights (in the last photo):

The next, no less important option for illuminating the courtyard of a private house is security lighting. In this case, lamps on supports are used, aimed at the perimeter of the entire site, the parking lot and the front entrance. In order to save on electricity and understand in time that there is a stranger in your area, it is recommended to use LED floodlights with a motion sensor. Such lamps turn on the light only when movement occurs in the sensor detection area. See what security looks like yard lighting residential building, you can use the following photo examples:

As for the decorative lighting of the yard, it is used precisely to highlight the most important objects of the garden. An original solution There will be installation of lamps in ponds, recreation areas, inside fountains and garden sculptures. In this case, there are no special requirements for lamps, the main thing is that they do not contradict the general landscape design and illuminated all elements of the yard in a balanced manner.

Festive lighting of a courtyard area, just like decorative lighting, consists of decorating trees in the garden, a residential building, fencing and garden buildings. The most popular lamps in this case are street garlands and hanging lanterns. Most often, this lighting option is used for birthdays and New Year when you need to create a thematic atmosphere. Best ideas Yard decorations for the holiday are provided below:

The best options for lighting a garden plot

Choosing suitable lamps

To make safe and durable lighting in a private yard with your own hands, you need to pay special attention to lamps. Firstly, they must be outdoors - dust- and moisture-proof. Secondly, they must be economical - consume as little electricity as possible and at the same time provide good illumination of the yard area. We recommend that you choose floodlights with LED lamps, which are several times more economical than other light sources. Good decision There will be the use of motion sensors and photo relays. You can also separately buy a suitable flashlight for it.

Otherwise, lamps are selected based on design and, of course, cost. The video talks about which lamps you can choose to illuminate your yard:

Expert advice

Electric installation work

We have already discussed with you how to organize, where we dwelled in detail on important points carrying out electrical wiring. To install light into the yard yourself, we recommend considering the following practical tips:

1. Before arranging your yard area, be sure to plan the layout of the lamps and the route of laying wires to each of them. It is better to immediately run the cable to the connection points, so as not to tear apart the decorated garden and not do double work.
2. It is best to conduct wiring in the soil so that it does not spoil the design of the site. We talked about this in the corresponding article. The only thing we can add is that under ponds and flower beds it is recommended to lay the cable at a depth of 1 meter, and not 80 cm.
3. It is best to install light switches in the hallway so that they are not affected by bad weather conditions, and the control of outdoor lighting is convenient.

Otherwise there shouldn't be any problems. If you have any questions and you do not fully understand how to make lighting in the courtyard of a private house with your own hands, we recommend that you describe the situation in the “” category so that our specialists can help you with advice!

Walking along dark alleys in the evening, you can’t help but wonder if an elementary hooligan is hiding somewhere in the shadows? Who is responsible for providing our children and us, the taxpayers, with the most necessary things – electric light? Is there, after all, some kind of law or regulation obliging the same energy-saving company to monitor the condition of the same lamps in a populated area?

Well, one lantern doesn’t work, or it works, but the light is dim, that’s not so bad, but what if there are no lanterns in the courtyard of the house, and there are only a few electric light bulbs above the entrances and they don’t save the situation? You can contact the person in charge of the house, the manager, so to speak. Perhaps he will decide something someday, although this is not his responsibility. Still, I would like to know for sure who will be responsible for the operation of lanterns, light bulbs and other lighting fixtures on the streets in general and in courtyards in particular?

In this article:

What is the problem?

First you need to determine the problem that has arisen:

1. The light bulb needs to be replaced.
2. The lighting is weak or there is a need for additional light.
3. There is no light at all.

If the light bulb is visually damaged or simply does not work, you must first contact the housing and communal services manager, who must take the necessary actions. Contact numbers are provided on the website of this organization, and in some houses they hang on the walls near the mailboxes.

Contact the administration

If there is no response, then you need to contact the city administration directly, since it has an agreement with the electrical networks serving each district. They will take action by contacting the power company, who will have to evaluate the condition of the lighting fixture and make specific repairs. An appeal in the form of a collective or private complaint with signatures is carried out in the form of a regular application in any form and is submitted to the local Administration of a certain municipal body.

In the text of the appeal, it is important to indicate the following questions to the local administration:

• Which organization is responsible for maintaining lighting fixtures on site?
• As the name of the customer under the contract with this organization
• Who is responsible for maintaining lighting at the required level?

Regarding the issue of insufficient street lighting, you should contact the Management Company by writing an application individually or collectively using the same template. The main thing is to write the full name of each applicant, signature and address of his residence. It is important to understand that the Management Company is directly responsible for the life and health of citizens and it is we who should point out the shortcomings to it, since we have a direct interest in this.

In a situation complete absence light in your yard, you must contact the local administration, guided by the Federal Law of October 6, 2003 No. 131-F3 “On the general principles of organizing local government in the Russian Federation,” obliging local governments to organize street lighting properly. Which is also regulated by GOST regarding the procedure for organizing lighting, where all standards are prescribed. After completing and sending the application, the response should arrive within seven working days to a month.

Also, to understand the essence of the problem, building codes and regulations are presented here.

Lighting of architectural objects and cultural monuments is a mandatory measure when organizing a street lighting system.

Illumination of main and secondary roads is carried out taking into account the type of road surface and its reflective properties.

Each street provides a certain degree of horizontal illumination. For example:

• for wide roads this parameter corresponds to 20 lk,
• regional roads are illuminated within 15 lk,
• for local streets 4-6 lux is enough.

If you receive a refusal, you can file a complaint with the local organization responsible for maintaining street lighting. Very often refusals are justified by insufficient funding, but these explanations do not make things any better.

Your next step may be to contact the court or prosecutor's office at your place of residence. It is advisable to provide a photo of the area where there is no light and a written (or digital) refusal from the Administration responsible for street lighting.

Who is responsible for street lighting in towns and villages?

As a rule, the budgets of towns and villages do not always adequately finance street lighting. Installing lights along each road is an expensive task and often shelved. Every year, a plan is drawn up to equip streets with lamps and the local Administration considers it in accordance with the budget. It is mandatory to install lights at road intersections where the risk of an accident is most likely, near administrative and educational buildings.

The district department of Energosbyt is responsible for maintenance, but control over the proper performance of its duties lies with the local municipality. It would be more correct to contact them orally, simply by calling or in writing, filling out the same complaint.

Bottom line

Summarizing all of the above, we come to one simple conclusion: the Administration is responsible for the lighting on the streets of our cities and towns, and it is from them that there should be a demand for the absence or insufficient lighting of the streets.

Residents of populated areas are often faced with a lack of street lighting. If one or more lights are not working, visibility in the yard is impaired and may cause increased danger to passers-by. Are you wondering who should deal with this situation? You will find the answer to this question in the article.

Who is responsible for street lighting in the city?

Local executive authorities (in other words, municipal or government bodies), in accordance with Federal Law No. 131 of 2003 on October 6.

They are the ones who enter into an agreement with service organizations (energy supply companies), on the basis of which street lighting is carried out.

In each locality, the problem of non-working streetlights is solved individually. Who is responsible for street lighting in courtyards in the city? The local administration deals with such issues.

Commercial enterprises - energy supply companies or electrical networks with which an agreement has been concluded - are responsible for maintaining the lights in working condition and carrying out their timely maintenance. The city administration undertakes to control the activities of these organizations.

Who is responsible for street lighting in rural areas?

The procedure for organizing street lighting in cities and rural areas differs. The township budget may not have enough money to install lights along every road. The local administration annually develops a plan for lighting everything settlement.

The main problem in this case is the search for sources of financing (for this purpose, not only funds from federal budget, but also extra-budgetary options).

It is the responsibility of the local municipality to ensure the functioning of lights and their installation in places that require special attention and caution (for example, on dangerous bends or near educational institutions).

Formally, the district energy sales department or energy supply company is responsible for technical maintenance, but the administration of a particular locality is responsible for timely payment for the services provided and monitoring the activities of the organization.

On average, a lamp in a street lamp with the right conditions operation can last up to one and a half years inclusive. In certain areas of the country, due to weather and geographical conditions, lighting may be used more or less often than usual. That is why lamps can fail faster or, with less frequent use, last up to 3–4 years.

If the lamps in the streetlights are burnt out or there is insufficient lighting on the street, this situation must be corrected in order to avoid an increase in the risk of injury and an increase in the number of thefts in the area.

You don't know where to turn if there is no light in the yard? A written complaint (individual or collective) is submitted to the local administration of a particular municipality.

Drawing up a complaint

An appeal to the municipality must be made in simple written form. The applicant can be one citizen or several (in the latter case we are talking about a collective complaint).

In the text of the appeal, it is important to indicate the following questions to the local administration:

• what organization is engaged in servicing lamps on certain territory;
• who is the customer under the contract concluded with this organization;
• who is responsible for maintaining lighting at the proper level in a particular location.

The text of the complaint must indicate a request to take appropriate measures to correct the problem with street lighting. In addition, it is worth referring to paragraph 4, paragraph 14 of Article No. 131 of the Federal Law, according to which issues of energy supply to a populated area are the responsibility of the local administration.

You can make a complaint yourself using the information presented on the website, or order it from a specialist (the latter’s services are provided on a paid basis).

The law does not impose clear requirements for the text of the appeal, however, the document must contain certain information in order to be accepted for consideration.

If there is no light on the street in front of apartment building or on a street with several private houses, experts recommend filing a collective complaint. This way, residents will have a better chance of getting the issue resolved as quickly as possible.

What to do if you are refused?

The response from the local administration must be received by the applicants in writing within a calendar month from the date of filing the complaint. Failure of a local government body is a common phenomenon, the reason most often being a lack of finances in the budget. In such a situation, you will need to contact a higher authority - the court or the prosecutor's office.

However, you should not immediately sue the municipality due to the lack of working light bulbs in street lamps. First, try contacting your local government and the organization that maintains a specific street or section of it (this information should be provided to you in a written response from the administration).

If there are no lights at all on a particular street, which creates an increased danger for passers-by and residents, but the municipality refuses to install lighting in this place, interested parties are advised to go to court to resolve this conflict.

The text of the application must indicate the fact of inaction of executive authorities. In addition, it is recommended that photographs confirming the absence of lighting be attached to the application.

Is it possible to file a complaint through the Criminal Code?

The management company is responsible for ensuring proper lighting in the local area, so if there are problems with the lights near the house, you can submit a statement or directly to the management company.

Residents have the right to draw up a collective appeal by submitting it in writing in any form, and it is important to indicate the full name of each citizen, his personal signature and the address of the apartment in which he lives.

For greater clarity, it is possible to attach printed photographs of the unlit area to the application.

The period for consideration of the application is up to seven working days, after which the management company is obliged to send a written response to the applicants.